12th federal electoral district of Puebla

Puebla's 12th
Electoral district of the Chamber of Deputies of Mexico
12th district since 2023
Incumbent
Member	Nora Merino Escamilla
Party	▌ Labour Party
Congress	66th (2024–2027)
District
State	Puebla
Head town	Puebla de Zaragoza
Coordinates	19°02′N98°11′W / 19.033°N 98.183°W / 19.033; -98.183
Covers	Municipality of Puebla (part)
PR region	Fourth
Precincts	224
Population	419,338 (2020 Census)

Puebla's districts in 2017–2022

The 12th federal electoral district of Puebla (Spanish : Distrito electoral federal 12 de Puebla) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 16 such districts in the state of Puebla. ^[1]

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fourth region. ^{[2] [3]}

Suspended in 1930, ^[a] Puebla's 12th was re-established as part of the 1977 political reforms. The restored district returned its first deputy in the 1979 mid-term election. ^[7]

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Nora Yessica Merino Escamilla of the Labour Party (PT). ^{[8] [9]}

District territory

Under the 2023 districting plan adopted by the National Electoral Institute (INE), which is to be used for the 2024, 2027 and 2030 federal elections, Puebla's congressional seat allocation rose from 15 to 16. ^[10] The 12th district covers 224 electoral precincts (secciones electorales) in the municipality of Puebla. ^{[11] [12] [b]}

The head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the state capital, the city of Puebla. The district reported a population of 419,338 in the 2020 Census. ^[1]

Previous districting schemes

Evolution of electoral district numbers

	1974	1978	1996	2005	2017	2023
Puebla	10	14	15	16	15	16
Chamber of Deputies	196	300
Sources: [1] [13] [7] [14]

2017–2022

From 2017 to 2022, when Puebla was assigned 15 congressional seats, the district's head town was the city of Puebla and it covered 292 precincts. ^{[15] [14]}

2005–2017

Under the 2005 plan, the district was one of 16 in Puebla. Its head town was the state capital and it covered 180 precincts in the municipality. ^{[16] [17]}

1996–2005

Between 1996 and 2005, Puebla had 15 districts. The 12th covered 166 precincts in the municipality of Puebla, with its head town at the city of Puebla. ^{[18] [17]}

1978–1996

The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Puebla's seat allocation rose from 10 to 14. ^[13] The 12 district's head town was the city of Puebla and it comprised parts of the city and its municipality. ^[19]

Deputies returned to Congress

National parties
Current
	PAN
	PRI
	PT
	PVEM
	MC
	Morena
Defunct or local only
	PLM
	PNR
	PRM
	PNM
	PP
	PPS
	PARM
	PFCRN
	Convergencia
	PANAL
	PSD
	PES
	PES
	PRD

Puebla's 12th district

Election	Deputy	Party	Term	Legislature
1916  [ es ]	Porfirio del Castillo  [ es ] [20] [21]		1916–1917	Constituent Congress of Querétaro
...
The 12th district was suspended between 1930 and 1979
1979	Francisco Sánchez Díaz de Rivera [22]		1979–1982	51st Congress
1982	Manuel R. Villa Issa [23]		1982–1985	52nd Congress
1985	Germán Sierra Sánchez [24]		1985–1988	53rd Congress
1988	Marco Antonio Rojas Flores [25]		1988–1991	54th Congress
1991	Guillermo Pacheco Pulido [26]		1991–1994	55th Congress
1994	Luis Antonio Godina Herrera  [ es ] [27]		1994–1997	56th Congress
1997	Celso Fuentes Ramírez [28]		1997–2000	57th Congress
2000	Alfonso Vicente Díaz [29]		2000–2003	58th Congress
2003	Myriam de Lourdes Arabian Couttolenc [30]		2003–2006	59th Congress
2006	Antonio Sánchez Díaz de Rivera [31]		2006–2009	60th Congress
2009	Leobardo Soto Martínez [32]		2009–2012	61st Congress
2012	Néstor Octavio Gordillo Castillo [33]		2012–2015	62nd Congress
2015	Víctor Manuel Giorgana Jiménez [34]		2015–2018	63rd Congress
2018 [35]	Fernando Luis Manzanilla Prieto  [ es ] [36]		2018–2021	64th Congress
2021 [37]	Mario Gerardo Riestra Piña  [ es ] [38]		2021–2024	65th Congress
2024 [8]	Nora Yessica Merino Escamilla [9]		2024–2027	66th Congress

Presidential elections

Puebla's 12th district

Election	District won by	Party or coalition	%
2018 [39]	Andrés Manuel López Obrador	Juntos Haremos Historia	58.0560
2024 [40]	Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo	Sigamos Haciendo Historia	55.6225

Notes

1. An amendment to Article 52 of the Constitution in 1928 changed the original provision of "one deputy per 60,000 inhabitants" to "one deputy per 100,000"; ^{[4] [5]} as a result, the size of the Chamber of Deputies fell from 281 in the 1928 election to 171 in 1934. ^[6]
2. The 6th, 7th, 9th and 11th districts cover the remainder of the municipality.

References

1. "Memoria de la Distritación Nacional 2021–2023" (PDF). INE. p. 251. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
2. "How Mexico Elects Its Leaders – The Rules". Mexico Solidarity Project. 31 January 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
3. "Circunscripciones" (PDF). Ayuda 2021. INE . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
4. "Diario Oficial de la Federación, 20 de agosto de 1928" (PDF). Diario Oficial de la Federación . 20 August 1928. Retrieved 4 June 2025.
5. "Artículo 52, reformas" (PDF). Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación . Retrieved 4 June 2025.
6. Godoy, Luis. "Reelección en la Cámara de Diputados, 1917–1934" (PDF). Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México . Retrieved 4 June 2025.
7. Baños Martínez, Marco Antonio; Palacios Mora, Celia (2014). "Evolución territorial de los distritos electorales federales uninominales, 1977–2010" [Territorial evolution of the federal uninominal electoral districts, 1977–2010]. Investigaciones Geográficas (84). Mexico City: Instituto de Geografía, UNAM: 92. doi: 10.14350/rig.34063 . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
8. "Diputaciones: Puebla. Distrito 12. Heroica Puebla de Zaragoza". Cómputos Distritales 2024. INE . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
9. "Perfil: Dip. Nora Yessica Merino Escamilla, LXVI Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
10. De la Rosa, Yared (20 February 2023). "Nueva distritación electoral le quita diputados a la CDMX y le agrega a Nuevo León". Forbes México. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
11. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Nacional Electoral por el que se aprueba el proyecto de la demarcación territorial de los trescientos distritos electorales federales uninominales". Diario Oficial de la Federación . 20 February 2023. p. 520. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
12. Macuitl Gallardo, Paola (20 February 2023). "Esta es la nueva distritación federal en Puebla para las elecciones de 2024". Ambas Manos. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
13. González Casanova, Pablo (1993). Las Elecciones en México: evolución y perspectivas (3 ed.). Siglo XXI. p. 220. ISBN   9789682313219 . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
14. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Nacional Electoral por el que se aprueba la demarcación territorial de los 300 distritos electorales federales uninominales" (PDF). Repositorio Documental. INE. 15 March 2017. p. 142. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
15. "Descriptivo de la distritación federal: Puebla, marzo 2017" (PDF). Cartografía. INE. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
16. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Federal Electoral por el que se establece la demarcación territorial de los trescientos distritos electorales federales uninominales". Diario Oficial de la Federación . 2 March 2005. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
17. "Distritacion de Puebla 1996/2005" (PDF). IFE. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 March 2009. Retrieved 3 June 2025. The link contains maps of the 1996 and 2005 schemes.
18. "Acuerdo del Consejo General del Instituto Federal Electoral por el que se establece la demarcación territorial de los trescientos distritos electorales federales uninominales". Diario Oficial de la Federacion . 12 August 1996. p. 64. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
19. "División del territorio de la República en 300 distritos electorales uninominales para elecciones federales: Puebla". Diario Oficial de la Federación . 29 May 1978. p. 35. Retrieved 3 June 2025.
20. "Lista de diputados al Congreso Constituyente 1916–1917" (PDF). Constitución de 1917. Secretaría de Cultura . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
21. "Porfirio del Castillo". Constitución de 1917. Secretaría de Cultura . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
22. "Legislatura 51" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
23. "Legislatura 52" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
24. "Legislatura 53" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
25. "Legislatura 54" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
26. "Legislatura 55" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
27. "Legislatura 56" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
28. "Legislatura 57" (PDF). Biblioteca Virtual. Cámara de Diputados . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
29. "Perfil: Dip. Alfonso Vicente Díaz, LVIII Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
30. "Perfil: Dip. Myriam de Lourdes Arabian Couttolenc, LIX Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
31. "Perfil: Dip. Antonio Sánchez Díaz de Rivera, LX Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
32. "Perfil: Dip. Leobardo Soto Martínez, LXI Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
33. "Perfil: Dip. Néstor Octavio Gordillo Castillo, LXII Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
34. "Perfil: Dip. Víctor Manuel Giorgana Jiménez, LXIII Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
35. "Diputaciones: Puebla. Distrito 12. Heroica Puebla de Zaragoza". Cómputos Distritales 2018. INE . Retrieved 11 July 2025.
36. "Perfil: Dip. Fernando Luis Manzanilla Prieto, LXIV Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
37. "Diputaciones: Puebla. Distrito 12. Heroica Puebla de Zaragoza". Cómputos Distritales 2021. INE . Retrieved 11 July 2025.
38. "Perfil: Dip. Mario Gerardo Riestra Piña, LXV Legislatura". Sistema de Información Legislativa (SIL). SEGOB . Retrieved 3 June 2025.
39. "Presidencia: Puebla. Distrito 12. Heroica Puebla de Zaragoza". Cómputos Distritales 2018. INE . Retrieved 30 June 2025.
40. "Presidencia: Puebla. Distrito 12. Heroica Puebla de Zaragoza". Cómputos Distritales 2024. INE . Retrieved 30 June 2025.