1912 in Italy

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Events from the year 1912 in Italy.

Kingdom of Italy

Events

Italian dirigibles bomb Turkish positions in Libya. The Italo-Turkish War of 1911-1912 was the first in history in which air attacks (carried out here by dirigible airships) determined the outcome. Zeplin orta.jpg
Italian dirigibles bomb Turkish positions in Libya. The Italo-Turkish War of 1911–1912 was the first in history in which air attacks (carried out here by dirigible airships) determined the outcome.
Turkish and Italian delegations in Lausanne (1912). From left to right (seating): Pietro Bertolini, Mehmet Nabi Bey, Guido Fusinato, Rumbeyoglu Fahreddin Bey, and Giuseppe Volpi. Treaty of Lausanne 1912.jpg
Turkish and Italian delegations in Lausanne (1912). From left to right (seating): Pietro Bertolini, Mehmet Nabi Bey, Guido Fusinato, Rumbeyoğlu Fahreddin Bey, and Giuseppe Volpi.

The Italo-Turkish War between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire over Italian claims in Libya is ongoing. While Italian conscripts faced death in the Libyan desert, a new electoral law grants almost universal male suffrage; the electorate, below 3 million in 1909, rises to nearly 8.5 million. [1]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giovanni Giolitti</span> Italian statesman (1842–1928)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Italo-Turkish War</span> 1911–1912 war in Libya

The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from 29 September 1911, to 18 October 1912. As a result of this conflict, Italy captured the Ottoman Tripolitania Vilayet, of which the main sub-provinces were Fezzan, Cyrenaica, and Tripoli itself. These territories became the colonies of Italian Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, which would later merge into Italian Libya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tommaso Tittoni</span> Italian diplomat and politician (1855–1931)

Tommaso Tittoni was an Italian diplomat, politician and Knight of the Annunziata. He was Italy's foreign minister from 1903 until 1909, except for a five-month period. He also was interim prime minister for about two weeks in March 1905, making him the shortest-serving prime minister in the history of Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Italian invasion of Libya</span> 1911 Italian annexation of Ottoman Libya; beginning of the Italo-Turkish War

The Italian invasion of Libya occurred in 1911, when Italian troops invaded the Turkish province of Libya and started the Italo-Turkish War. As result, Italian Tripolitania and Italian Cyrenaica were established, later unified in the colony of Italian Libya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ottoman Tripolitania</span> 1551–1912 Ottoman rule in modern Libya

The coastal region of what is today Libya was ruled by the Ottoman Empire from 1551 to 1912. First, from 1551 to 1864, as the Eyalet of Tripolitania or Bey and Subjects of Tripoli of Barbary, later, from 1864 to 1912, as the Vilayet of Tripolitania. It was also known as the Kingdom of Tripoli, even though it was not technically a kingdom, but an Ottoman province ruled by pashas (governors). The Karamanli dynasty ruled the province as a de facto hereditary monarchy from 1711 to 1835, despite remaining under nominal Ottoman rule and suzerainty from Constantinople.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Italian Reformist Socialist Party</span> Italian political party (1912-1925)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sulayman al-Baruni</span>

Sulayman al-Baruni was a Berber Ibadi scholar, poet, statesman and a prominent figure in the history of Libya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Italian Tripolitania</span> 1911–1934 Italian possession in North Africa

Italian Tripolitania was an Italian colony, located in present-day western Libya, that existed from 1911 to 1934. It was part of the territory conquered from the Ottoman Empire after the Italo-Turkish War in 1911. Italian Tripolitania included the western northern half of Libya, with Tripoli as its main city. In 1934, it was unified with Italian Cyrenaica in the colony of Italian Libya.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Italian Cyrenaica</span> 1911–1934 Italian possession in North Africa

Italian Cyrenaica was an Italian colony, located in present-day eastern Libya, that existed from 1911 to 1934. It was part of the territory conquered from the Ottoman Empire during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911, alongside Italian Tripolitania.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Preveza (1911)</span> A battle that occurred during the Italo-Turkish War in 1911

The Battle of Preveza was the first naval engagement fought during the Italo-Turkish War, which took place in the Ionian Sea on 29–30 September 1911. The action took part in two separate engagements, the first off Preveza, and the second at Gomenítza the following day. Five Italian destroyers encountered a pair of Ottoman torpedo boats off the port of Preveza on 29 September and forced one aground; the second fled into the safety of Preveza. The next day, the Italian destroyers raided Gomenítza, where another two torpedo boats and an armed yacht were at anchor. The Italians sank both torpedo boats and seized the yacht as a prize.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carlo Caneva</span> Italian general

Carlo Caneva was an Italian general, known for having led the conquest of Libya in the Italo-Turkish War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battles of Zanzur (1912)</span> Battles that occurred during the Italo-Turkish War

The Battles of Zanzur or Battles of Janzur, were a series of battles that took place in 1911-1912 at Zanzur oasis, near Tripoli during the Italo-Turkish War. During the battles, the Italians unsuccessfully attacked the Turkish-Arab stronghold located approximately twelve miles from the Italian lines at Tripoli until finally achieving a victory on 20 September 1912.

Events from the year 1914 in Italy.

Events from the year 1909 in Italy.

Events from the year 1910 in Italy.

Events from the year 1911 in Italy.

Events from the year 1913 in Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Benghazi (1911)</span> A battle that occurred during the Italo-Turkish War in 1911-1912

The Battle of Benghazi occurred during the Italo-Turkish War when the Kingdom of Italy attacked and took possession of the major cities of the Ottoman Empire's North African Tripolitania province, now Libya. Benghazi was one of the five strategic cities captured and held by the Italians during the entire length of the war.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Ain Zara</span> A battle that occurred during the Italo-Turkish War

The Battle of Ain Zara was fought in December 1911 during the Italo-Turkish War between the Kingdom of Italy and Ottoman Empire forces for the control of the oasis of Ain Zara, near Tripoli in modern Libya, where the Ottomans had established a fortified base.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Tripoli (1911)</span> A battle that occurred during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–1912

The Battle of Tripoli was fought in October 1911, during the initial stages of the Italo-Turkish War, and saw the capture of Tripoli, capital city of Tripolitania, by Italian landing forces. It marked the beginning of the land campaign in Libya of the Italo-Turkish War as well as the beginning of the Italian colonization of Libya.

References

  1. Clark, Modern Italy: 1871 to the present, p. 188
  2. Dirigibles in Tripoli War, The New York Times, March 8, 1912
  3. Choate, Emigrant nation, p. 175
  4. 1 2 (in Italian) XXIII Legislatura del Regno d'Italia dal 24 marzo 1909 al 29 settembre 1913, Camera dei deputati, Portale storico (retrieved 28 May 2016)