2019 service delivery protests

Last updated

2019 service delivery protests
Date3 April 2019 – May 2019
Location
Urban areas of South Africa
Caused byLack of delivery of municipal services
Methods
Resulted in
  • 2 deaths [1]
  • 45 total arrests
    • 37 arrests in the Western Cape [2]
    • 8 arrested in Soweto [3]
  • property damage

The 2019 service delivery protests refers to a series of protests and civil disturbances taking place across urban areas of South Africa related to poor service delivery that started in Alexandra on 3 April 2019. [4] [5]

After starting in Alexandra on 3 April the protestors marched to the wealthy nearby neighbourhood of Sandton five days later to gain more attention. [6] On 9 April the trade union SAFTU stated their support for the protests and called on other areas in Gauteng province to join. [7] By 11 April 2019 the protests had spread to other major cities in the rest of the country. [8] Other than Alexandra protests occurred in Hammanskraal, Roodepoort, Vereeniging, Kroonstad, Blackheath, [9] Tshwane, [10] Bekkersdal, Orange Grove, [11] Nomzamo [12] Lingelethu East, [13] Bergville, [14] Bekkersdal, [15] Caledon, [16] Eersteriver, Rus-ter-Vaal, [2] Khayelitsha, [17] Riverlea, [18] and Soweto. [19]

The major political parties traded accusations over the cause of the riots. [6] The African National Congress (ANC) accused the Democratic Alliance (DA) of not effectively delivering services to the protesting communities [20] and the DA made a counter accusation that it was ANC governance in Johannesburg two years before was the root cause of poor service delivery in Alexandra. [21] The protests were openly supported by the trade union SAFTU who called on other areas to join the protests. [22] The DA [23] and Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) accused the ANC of instigating and spreading the protests to discredit them in the run up to the 2019 South African general election. [24] [25]

Notable South African academic Steven Friedman, criticised media coverage of the protests for "denigrat[ing] poor people by offering a distorted picture of their lives" and supporting politically motivated narratives that the protests were incited by political parties instead of being driven by genuine grievances. [26]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Municipalities of South Africa</span> Local government structure in South Africa

Local government in South Africa consists of municipalities of various types. The largest metropolitan areas are governed by metropolitan municipalities, while the rest of the country is divided into counties called district municipalities, each of which consists of several boroughs called local municipalities. Since the boundary reform at the time of the municipal election of 3 August 2016 there are eight metropolitan municipalities, 44 district municipalities and 205 local municipalities.

Prior to 1994, immigrants from elsewhere faced discrimination and even violence in South Africa. After majority rule in 1994, contrary to expectations, the incidence of xenophobia increased. Between 2000 and March 2008, at least 67 people died in what were identified as xenophobic attacks. In May 2008, a series of attacks left 62 people dead; although 21 of those killed were South African citizens. The attacks were motivated by xenophobia. In 2015, another nationwide spike in xenophobic attacks against immigrants in general prompted a number of foreign governments to begin repatriating their citizens. A Pew Research poll conducted in 2018 showed that 62% of South Africans viewed immigrants as a burden on society by taking jobs and social benefits and that 61% of South Africans thought that immigrants were more responsible for crime than other groups. Between 2010 and 2017 the immigrant community in South Africa increased from 2 million people to 4 million people. The proportion of South Africa's total population that is foreign born increased from 2.8% in 2005 to 7% in 2019, according to the United Nations International Organization for Migration, in spite of widespread xenophobia in the country. This made South Africa the largest recipient of immigrants on the African continent in 2019.

South Africa has been dubbed "the protest capital of the world", with one of the highest rates of public protests in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Steenhuisen</span> South African politician

John Henry Steenhuisen is a South African politician who has served as the twentieth leader of the Opposition since October 2019 and has been the federal leader of the Democratic Alliance since November 2020, having served as the interim leader for one year from November 2019. He was chief whip of the official opposition from May 2014 until October 2019. Ideologically, Steenhuisen has been described as a classical liberal, a supporter of non-racialism and a firm believer in racial equality.

The Constitution of South Africa protects all basic political freedoms. However, there have been many incidents of political repression, dating back to at least 2002, as well as threats of future repression in violation of this constitution leading some analysts, civil society organisations and popular movements to conclude that there is a new climate of political repression or a decline in political tolerance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 South African general election</span> 2014 South African National Assembly and provincial legislatures elections

General elections were held in South Africa on 7 May 2014, to elect a new National Assembly and new provincial legislatures in each province. It was the fifth election held in South Africa under conditions of universal adult suffrage since the end of the apartheid era in 1994, and also the first held since the death of Nelson Mandela. It was also the first time that South African expatriates were allowed to vote in a South African national election.

e-toll (South Africa) Electronic toll collection by SANRAL, South Africa, since 2013

e-toll consists of the electronic toll collection (ETC) processes employed by South Africa's roads agency SANRAL on selected toll roads or toll lanes in the Gauteng province, subject to the Sanral Act of 1998. SANRAL derives its income both from toll income and the national fiscus, while initial capital outlay for large projects are funded by open market bond issues. In total SANRAL manages 13,000 km of non-toll roads in South Africa, besides the majority of its toll roads, including 187 km of Gauteng's freeways which are subject to e-toll.

The 2016 South African municipal elections were held on 3 August 2016, to elect councils for all district, metropolitan and local municipalities in each of the country's nine provinces. It was the fifth municipal election held in South Africa since the end of apartheid in 1994; municipal elections are held every five years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2019 South African general election</span>

General elections were held in South Africa on 8 May 2019 to elect a new President, National Assembly and provincial legislatures in each province. These were the sixth elections held since the end of apartheid in 1994 and determined who would become the next President of South Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sindisiwe Chikunga</span> South African politician

Sindisiwe Lydia Chikunga is a South African politician who is serving as the Minister of Transport since March 2023. A member of the African National Congress, she has been a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa since 2004. Chikunga had previously served as Deputy Minister of Transport twice, from 2012 to 2019 and again from 2021 to 2023, and as Deputy Minister of Public Service and Administration from 2019 until 2021. She is a midwife by profession.

Protests began in Zimbabwe on 14 January 2019 following a 130% increase in the price of fuel imposed by the government of Emmerson Mnangagwa. Thousands of Zimbabweans protested against the price increase, along with increasing levels of poverty, the poor state of the economy, and declining standards of living. The government responded with a coordinated crackdown that resulted in hundreds of arrests and multiple deaths. The protests stopped after three days; by 17 January, businesses started reopening as the protests ended.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party (South Africa)</span> Political party in South Africa

The Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party (SRWP) is a Marxist-Leninist communist party in South Africa. The party was founded in March 2019 after a pre-launch convention at the end of 2018.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sihle Zikalala</span> South African politician

Sihle Zikalala is a South African politician from KwaZulu-Natal who has been the Minister of Public Works and Infrastructure and a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa since 2023, representing the African National Congress. Before his redeployment to the national government, he had been the Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs in KwaZulu-Natal and a Member of the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2021 South African municipal elections</span> South African municipal elections which were held on 1 November 2021

The 2021 South African municipal elections were held on 1 November 2021, to elect councils for all district, metropolitan and local municipalities in each of the country's nine provinces. It is the sixth municipal election held in South Africa since the end of apartheid in 1994, held every five years. The previous municipal elections were held in 2016. On 21 April 2021, President Cyril Ramaphosa announced that the elections will be held on Wednesday, 27 October 2021. It had been recommend by Dikgang Moseneke to delay the municipal elections until 2022. The Electoral Commission of South Africa (IEC) requested the Constitutional Court to support the date postponement. The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) supported the date postponement while the Democratic Alliance (DA) was against the postponement of the date. The Constitutional Court dismissed the application to postpone the date until 2022, ruling that they had to take place between 27 October and 1 November. On 9 September 2021, the Minister of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs, Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma announced that the elections would be held on 1 November.

Audrey Winifred Morakane Ketlhoilwe Mosupyoe, known as Morakane Mosupyoe, is a South African politician serving as the Gauteng Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Sports, Arts, Culture and Recreation since October 2022. She was the MEC for Economic Development, Agriculture and Environment from October 2019 to December 2020 as well as well as the Gauteng MEC for Social Development from December 2020 until October 2022. Prior to her election to the Gauteng Provincial Legislature in 2019, she served as a Tshwane city councillor. Mosupyoe is a member of the African National Congress.

Mpho Moerane was a South African electrician, businessman and politician who was the mayor of Johannesburg between October and November 2021. A member of the African National Congress, he previously served as the member of the mayoral committee (MMC) for environment and infrastructure services from December 2019 to September 2021. Moerane was the regional treasurer of the ANC in Johannesburg.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mpho Phalatse</span> South African medical doctor and former Mayor of Johannesburg

Mpho Louisa Phalatse is a South African medical doctor and politician who was the Executive Mayor of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality. A member of the Democratic Alliance, she has served in the position from 22 November 2021 until her ousting in a motion of no-confidence on 26 January 2023. She is the first woman to serve as mayor of the metropolitan municipality, which was established in 2000. She is the first black woman to serve as mayor of the city of Johannesburg and only the second female mayor of the city after Jessie McPherson, who served from 1945 to 1946.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kgosientsho Ramokgopa</span> South African politician

Kgosientsho "Sputla" Ramokgopa is a South African politician who is the Minister in the Presidency responsible for Electricity. He was the Mayor of Tshwane from 2010 to 2016. He was also a Member of the Executive Council in the Gauteng provincial government in 2019 and worked in the Presidency of South Africa as head of infrastructure from 2019 to 2023.

The 2023 South African National Shutdown was a protest held by the political party EFF on 20 March 2023, the day before Human Rights Day. The EFF called for the resignation of President Cyril Ramaphosa and an end to load-shedding. The leader of the EFF, Julius Malema, warned businesses countrywide to close their doors or risk being looted by them.

References

  1. "Two protesters killed during Soshanguve protest". News24. 11 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  2. 1 2 "LOOK: Service delivery protests snowball as politicians shift blame". www.iol.co.za. 12 April 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  3. "Pennyville protesters arrested". eNCA. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  4. "#AlexTotalShutdown: 'We inherited a rot, a mess' - DA's Maimane". News24. 3 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  5. Nyathi, Ayanda. "Alex residents vow to continue with protest until Ramaphosa, Makhura comstarted in Xitsonga". ewn.co.za. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  6. 1 2 "Alex protest timeline: Anger, ignored pleas, and threats". TimesLIVE. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  7. Naidoo, Sashin (9 April 2019). "SAFTU supports Alex protests, calls on other townships to join". SABC News. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  8. "WATCH: Service delivery protests spread from Alexandra to the rest of SA". News24. 11 April 2019. Archived from the original on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  9. LERATO DIALE, LESEGO MAKGATHO AND SIPHO MABASO (14 April 2019). "Collapse of local leadership major cause of violent protests - analysts | IOL News". www.iol.co.za. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  10. "Tshwane shutdown causes chaos in Pretoria". News24. 11 April 2019. Archived from the original on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  11. Gerber, Jan (12 April 2019). "Protesters trying to attract politicians' attention - Municipal IQ". News24. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  12. "Protesters won't back down as Somerset West unrest continues". News24. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  13. "Somerset West: Shops looted, bar emptied overnight". News24. 11 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  14. "Residents block main road in Bergville service delivery protest". ECR. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  15. "Rubber bullets fired as Bekkersdal protests intensify". eNCA. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  16. Brandt, Kevin. "Caledon protesters await municipality's response to demands". ewn.co.za. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  17. "WATCH: Khayelitsha shutdown causes havoc on Cape Town roads | Cape Argus". www.iol.co.za. 11 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  18. Eyewitness News (21 April 2019). "Violent protests break out in Riverlea". ewn.co.za. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
  19. "Service delivery protests spread to Soweto". TimesLIVE. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  20. Simelane, Bheki C. "ALEXANDRA PROTESTS: Alex residents march to Sandton, determined to have their grievances heard". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  21. Mitchley, Alex (7 April 2019). "Alex shutdown: DA, ANC in blame-game as protest set to spread to Sandton". News24. Archived from the original on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  22. Naidoo, Sashin (9 April 2019). "SAFTU supports Alex protests, calls on other townships to join". SABC News. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  23. Tefu, Nyakallo. "DA to lay a criminal complaint against ANC for Alex protests". ewn.co.za. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  24. Mahlakoana, Theto. "EFF: Alex service delivery protest an opportunistic move by ANC". ewn.co.za. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  25. "'Service delivery protests are part of the ANC's plans to discredit the DA'". www.iol.co.za. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  26. Friedman, Steven (22 April 2019). "How portrayal of protest in South Africa denigrates poor people". The M&G Online. Retrieved 22 April 2019.