3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase

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3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring)
2bfe.jpg
2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase heterotetramer, Human
Identifiers
EC no. 1.2.4.4
CAS no. 9082-72-8
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BRENDA BRENDA entry
ExPASy NiceZyme view
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MetaCyc metabolic pathway
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In enzymology, a 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] lipoyllysine [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase] S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoyllysine + CO2

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase, and lipoyllysine, whereas its 3 products are dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase, S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoyllysine, and CO2.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with a disulfide as acceptor.

This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. It employs one cofactor, thiamin diphosphate. It is the E1 subunit of a catalytic complex.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, twenty-nine structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1DTW, 1OLS, 1OLU, 1OLX, 1U5B, 1UM9, 1UMB, 1UMC, 1UMD, 1V11, 1V16, 1V1M, 1V1R, 1WCI, 1X7W, 1X7X, 1X7Y, 1X7Z, 1X80, 2BEU, 2BEV, 2BEW, 2BFB, 2BFC, 2BFD, 2BFE, 2BFF, 2BP7, and 2J9F.

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References