ADARB1

Last updated
ADARB1
Protein ADARB1 PDB 1zy7.png
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases ADARB1 , ADAR2, DRABA2, DRADA2, RED1, adenosine deaminase, RNA specific B1, adenosine deaminase RNA specific B1, NEDHYMS
External IDs OMIM: 601218; MGI: 891999; HomoloGene: 8280; GeneCards: ADARB1; OMA:ADARB1 - orthologs
EC number 3.5.4.37
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001024837
NM_001024838
NM_001024839
NM_001024840
NM_130895

Contents

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001020008
NP_570965
NP_001020009

Location (UCSC) Chr 21: 45.07 – 45.23 Mb Chr 10: 77.13 – 77.25 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADARB1 gene. [5] [6] [7] The enzyme is a member of ADAR family.

Function

This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for pre-mRNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunit B by site-specific deamination of adenosines. Studies in rats found that this enzyme acted on its own pre-mRNA molecules to convert an AA dinucleotide to an AI dinucleotide which resulted in a new splice site. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants, some of which have been characterized by the presence or absence of an Alu cassette insert and a short or long C-terminal region. [7]

ADARB1 requires the small molecule inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) for proper function. [8] ADARB1 is an A-to-I RNA-editing enzyme that mostly acts on protein-coding substrates. [9]

See also

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">ADARB2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Double-stranded RNA-specific editase B2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADARB2 gene.

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Within the science of molecular biology and cell biology, for human genetics, the GRIA2 gene is located on chromosome 4q32-q33. The gene product is the ionotropic AMPA glutamate receptor 2. The protein belongs to a family of ligand-activated glutamate receptors that are sensitive to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA). Glutamate receptors function as the main excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. L-glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, binds to the Gria2 resulting in a conformational change. This leads to the opening of the channel converting the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. AMPA receptors (AMPAR) are composed of four subunits, designated as GluR1 (GRIA1), GluR2 (GRIA2), GluR3 (GRIA3), and GluR4(GRIA4) which combine to form tetramers. They are usually heterotrimeric but can be homodimeric. Each AMPAR has four sites to which an agonist can bind, one for each subunit.[5]

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adenosine deaminase z-alpha domain</span>

In molecular biology, the protein domain Adenosine deaminase z-alpha domain refers to an evolutionary conserved protein domain. This family consists of the N-terminus and thus the z-alpha domain of double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR), an RNA-editing enzyme. The z-alpha domain is a Z-DNA binding domain, and binding of this region to B-DNA has been shown to be disfavoured by steric hindrance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RNA timestamp</span>

{{Short description|RNA editing application}

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197381 Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020262 Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Mittaz L, Scott HS, Rossier C, Seeburg PH, Higuchi M, Antonarakis SE (April 1997). "Cloning of a human RNA editing deaminase (ADARB1) of glutamate receptors that maps to chromosome 21q22.3". Genomics. 41 (2): 210–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4655. PMID   9143496.
  6. Keegan LP, Leroy A, Sproul D, O'Connell MA (Feb 2004). "Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): RNA-editing enzymes". Genome Biology. 5 (2): 209. doi: 10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-209 . PMC   395743 . PMID   14759252.
  7. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: ADARB1 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific, B1 (RED1 homolog rat)".
  8. Macbeth MR, Schubert HL, Vandemark AP, Lingam AT, Hill CP, Bass BL (September 2005). "Inositol hexakisphosphate is bound in the ADAR2 core and required for RNA editing". Science. 309 (5740): 1534–9. Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1534M. doi:10.1126/science.1113150. PMC   1850959 . PMID   16141067.
  9. Licht K, Jantsch MF (April 2016). "Rapid and dynamic transcriptome regulation by RNA editing and RNA modifications". The Journal of Cell Biology. 213 (1): 15–22. doi:10.1083/jcb.201511041. PMC   4828693 . PMID   27044895.

Further reading