Abarema

Abarema
Abarema cochliocarpos
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Caesalpinioideae
Clade:	Mimosoid clade
Genus:	Abarema Pittier [1]
Species [1]
3; see text

Abarema is a neotropical genus in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Brazil and Venezuela. ^[1] Most of the species can be found in the Amazon Basin and the Guyana Highlands. They have a deep-green fernlike foliage, with bipinnately compound leaves.

Taxonomy

In older works, the entire genus is usually included within Pithecellobium . ^[2] Following the 1996 revision, about 45 species were accepted. This genus has been proven to be polyphyletic under its previous circumscription. As a result of the genetic evidence, the genera Jupunba and Punjuba were separated from Abarema, and most of those species are now placed in Jupunba and Punjuba. ^[3]

Species

Plants of the World Online currently accepts three species. ^[1]

• Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes – barbatimo: eastern Brazil
• Abarema diamantina E.Guerra, Iganci & M.P.Morim – northeastern Brazil (central Bahia)
• Abarema levelii (R.S.Cowan) Barneby & J.W.Grimes – southern Venezuela and northern Brazil

Status uncertain

• Abarema agropecuaria Barneby & J.W.Grimes (World Flora Online considers this an unplaced name) ^[4]
• Abarema ricoae Barneby & J.W.Grimes, nom. inval. (World Flora Online considers this an unplaced name) ^[5]

Formerly placed here

• Archidendron bigeminum (L.) I.C.Nielsen (as Abarema abeywickramaeKosterm., Abarema bigemina(L.) Kosterm., and Abarema monadelpha(Roxb.) Kosterm.) ^[6]
• Archidendron grandiflorum (Benth.) I.C.Nielsen (as Abarema grandiflora(Benth.) Kosterm.) ^[7]
• Archidendron hendersonii (F.Muell.) I.C.Nielsen (as Abarema hendersonii(F.Muell.) Kosterm.) ^[8]
• Hydrochorea acreana (J.F.Macbr.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes (as Abarema acreana(J.F.Macbr.) L.Rico)
• Jupunba abbottii (Rose & Leonard) Britton & Rose (as Abarema abbottii(Rose & Leonard) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – Abbott abarema
• Jupunba adenophora (Ducke) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema adenophora(Ducke) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba alexandri (Urb.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema alexandri(Urb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba asplenifolia (Griseb.) Britton & Rose (Abarema asplenifolia(Griseb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – spleen-leaved abarema
• Jupunba auriculata (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema auriculata(Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes–guarango maní
• Jupunba barbouriana (Standl.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (synonym Abarema barbouriana(Standl.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – Barbour abarema
• Jupunba brachystachya (DC.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema brachystachya(DC.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes and Abarema obovata(Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – obovate abarema
• Jupunba campestris (Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema campestris(Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba cochleata (Willd.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema cochleata(Willd.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
  • Jupunba cochleata var. moniliformis (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema cochleata var. moniliformis(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes and Abarema moniliformisBarneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba commutata (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema commutataBarneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba curvicarpa (H.S.Irwin) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema curvicarpa (H.S.Irwin) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
  • Jupunba curvicarpa var. rodriguesii (Barneby & J.W.Grimes)M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci as Abarema curvicarpa var. rodriguesiiBarneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba ferruginea (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema ferruginea(Benth.) Pittier)
• Jupunba filamentosa (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (Abarema filamentosa(Benth.) Pittier)
• Jupunba floribunda (Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema floribunda(Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba gallorum (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema gallorumBarneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba ganymedea (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema ganymedeaBarneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba glauca (Urb.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema glauca(Urb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba idiopoda (S.F.Blake) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema idiopoda(S.F.Blake) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) ^[9]
• Jupunba laeta (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema laeta(Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba langsdorffii (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema langsdorffii(Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba leucophylla (Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema leucophylla(Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
  • Jupunba leucophylla var. vaupesensis (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema leucophylla var. vaupesensisBarneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba longipedunculata (H.S.Irwin) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (Abarema longipedunculata(H.S.Irwin) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba macradenia (Pittier) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema macradenia (Pittier) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – Panama abarema
• Jupunba mataybifolia (Sandwith) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema mataybifolia (Sandwith) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba microcalyx (Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema microcalyx (Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba nipensis (Britton) Britton & Rose (as Abarema nipensis (Britton) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba obovalis (A.Rich.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema obovalis (A.Rich.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba oppositifolia (Urb.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema oppositifolia (Urb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – opposite-leaved abarema
• Jupunba oxyphyllidia (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema oxyphyllidia Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba piresii (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema piresii Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba trapezifolia (Vahl) Moldenke (as Abarema trapezifolia(Vahl) Pittier and Abarema jupunba var. trapezifolia(Vahl) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
  • Jupunba trapezifolia var. micradenia (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema jupunba(Willd.) Britton & Killip) – Delmare abarema, crabwood, dalmare, delmare, jumbie head, soapy-soapy; wild tamarin (Grenada, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, tropical South America)
• Jupunba turbinata (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema turbinata (Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba villifera (Ducke) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema villifera (Ducke) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Jupunba zolleriana (Standl. & Steyerm.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema zolleriana (Standl. & Steyerm.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Punjuba callejasii (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema callejasii Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Punjuba centiflora (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema centiflora Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Punjuba josephi (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci as Abarema josephi Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Punjuba killipii Britton & Rose (as Abarema killipii (Britton & Rose) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Punjuba lehmannii Britton & Rose (as Abarema lehmannii (Britton & Rose) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
• Punjuba racemiflora (Donn.Sm.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema racemiflora (Donn.Sm.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)

Footnotes

1. Abarema Pittier. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 25 March 2025.
2. Barneby & Grimes (1996), ILDIS (2005)
3. Soares, M. V. B., Guerra, E., Morim, M. P., & Iganci, J. R. V. (2021). "Reinstatement and recircumscription of Jupunba and Punjuba (Fabaceae) based on phylogenetic evidence." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 196(4), 456-479.
4. WFO (2025). Abarema agropecuaria Barneby & J.W.Grimes. World Flora Online. Retrieved 26 March 2025.
5. WFO (2025). Abarema ricoae Barneby & J.W.Grimes . World Flora Online . Retrieved 27 March 2025.
6. "Archidendron bigeminum (L.) I.C.Nielsen". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 17 January 2022.
7. "Archidendron grandiflorum (Benth.) I.C.Nielsen". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 17 January 2022.
8. "Archidendron hendersonii (F.Muell.) I.C.Nielsen". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 17 January 2022.
9. "Jupunba idiopoda (S.F.Blake) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 17 January 2022.

References

Media related to Abarema at Wikimedia Commons

• Barneby, R.C. & Grimes, J.W. (1996): Silk Tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's Earring: A generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part I. Abarema, Albizia, and Allies. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden74(1): 1–292. ISBN   0-89327-395-3
• International Legume Database & Information Service (ILDIS) (2005): Genus Abarema. Version 10.01, November 2005. Retrieved 2008-MAR-31.