In molecular biology, biosynthesis is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides. Biosynthesis is usually synonymous with anabolism.
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (glutamine-hydrolysing) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reactions that produce carbamoyl phosphate in the cytosol. Its systemic name is hydrogen-carbonate:L-glutamine amido-ligase .
Purine metabolism refers to the metabolic pathways to synthesize and break down purines that are present in many organisms.
Guanosine monophosphate synthetase, also known as GMPS is an enzyme that converts xanthosine monophosphate to guanosine monophosphate.
In enzymology, an asparaginyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Cobalt chelatase (EC 6.6.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a dihydrofolate synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a glutamate—ethylamine ligase (EC 6.3.1.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a glutamate—methylamine ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a hydrogenobyrinic acid a,c-diamide synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) (EC 6.3.5.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a NAD+ synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) (EC 6.3.5.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase (EC 6.3.5.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a tetrahydrofolate synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a UDP-N-acetylmuramate—L-alanine ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine—D-glutamate ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
5′-Phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole is a biochemical intermediate in the formation of purine nucleotides via inosine-5-monophosphate, and hence is a building block for DNA and RNA. The vitamins thiamine and cobalamin also contain fragments derived from AIR. It is an intermediate in the adenine pathway and is synthesized from 5′-phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine by AIR synthetase.
Cobalamin biosynthesis is the process by which bacteria and archea make cobalamin, vitamin B12. Many steps are involved in converting aminolevulinic acid via uroporphyrinogen III and adenosylcobyric acid to the final forms in which it is used by enzymes in both the producing organisms and other species, including humans who acquire it through their diet.
Adenosylcobinamide-phosphate synthase is an enzyme with systematic name adenosylcobyric acid:(R)-1-aminopropan-2-yl phosphate ligase (ADP-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Cobyrinate a,c-diamide synthase (EC ), cobyrinic acid a,c-diamide synthetase, CbiA (gene)) is an enzyme which catalyses the chemical reaction
