| Adoretus versutus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Scarabaeidae |
| Genus: | Adoretus |
| Species: | A. versutus |
| Binomial name | |
| Adoretus versutus Harold, 1869 | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Adoretus versutus, commonly known as rose beetle, [1] is a species of shining leaf chafer found in Afro-Oriental tropics.
Common names of the beetle includes: Indian rose beetle, leaf chafer beetle, rRose beetle, Fijian root grub, and Fijian cane root grub. [2]
It is native to Oriental regions and can be found in many Asian countries including: India, Andaman and Nicobar islands, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia. It is also distributed in African islands: Madagascar, Mauritius, St. Helena, Seychelles, Fiji, and Oceanian islands: Samoa, Tonga, Wallis Islands, Cook Islands. Meanwhile, the species has introduced to many countries where they became major pests due to absence of natural predators. [2]
It is also introduced to Vanuatu where it became a serious pest due to absence of predators. [3] It is also found in New Caledonia. [4]
Lifecycle usually completed in three months. Female known to lay eggs in soil during early part of the monsoon season between May and August. Eggs hatch after 8 to 14 days in soil. [5] Larvae can be seen in around a week and started to feed on roots. During drought periods, larvae move deeper in the soil where the come closer to the surface during wet periods. Pupation completed before the onset of next monsoon. Adults emerge after rainy showers. [2]
Grubs are whitish translucent in color. The resting posture is C-shaped. Third instar is about 20–25 mm in length. Head reddish brown in color. The last abdominal segment swollen and dark particularly due to the soil ingestion. Spiracles creamy white with 9 pairs in which one pair prothoracic and eight pairs abdominal segments. [2] [5]
Pupa yellowish brown where they become much darker in final pupal stages. Full grown pupa is about 16 mm in length. [2]
Adult beetle has large dark eyes. Body reddish chestnut in color with average length of 12 to 14 mm in length. However, male is smaller than female. [5] Body broader and convex with shiny underside. Scutellum short. Lamellate antennae are brownish, with ten-segments. Last three antennomeres expanded into a plate like structure. Pronotum dark and less densely punctate in the mid region. Clypeus and frons darker. Labrum and labium hairy. There are acute teeth in tibia of first leg pair which helps during burrowing in sand. Elytra brownish with metallic sheen, sclerotized, and punctate. There are fine bristles in elytra, pronotum and head. [2] Female has broader body which is more convex. [6]
A polyphagous pest, it is one of the major pest in cocoa plantations and rose cultivations in Vanuatu and other countries. [3] [7] It also attack shade trees, and ornamentals in Uganda where the outbreak of adults show defoliation. [2] Grubs also attack the roots of wild turmeric.[ citation needed ]
In Fiji, the larvae can be destroyed by an entomopoxvirus. [8] [9]
The Japanese beetle is a species of scarab beetle. The adult measures 15 mm (0.6 in) in length and 10 mm (0.4 in) in width, has iridescent copper-colored elytra, and a green thorax and head. It is not very destructive in Japan, but in North America and some regions of Europe, it is a noted pest to roughly 300 species of plants, including rose bushes, grapes, hops, canna, crape myrtles, birch trees, linden trees, and others.
Macrodactylus subspinosus is a North American beetle of the family Scarabaeidae. The members of its genus are known as "rose chafers", not to be confused with the European rose chafer, Cetonia aurata. M. subspinosus occurs from Eastern Canada to Colorado and is considered a pest of many crops and flowers. It is given its common name of rose chafer because it eats the leaves of roses, although it also feeds on many other plants.
Olene mendosa, the brown tussock moth or hairy tussock moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1823. It is found in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand and Australia.
Adoretus is a genus of Scarabaeidae or scarab beetles. They are native to Africa and Asia, and two species occur in Europe.
Xylotrupes gideon, the brown rhinoceros beetle, is a species of large scarab beetle belonging to the subfamily Dynastinae.
Apogonia blanchardi, is a species of dung beetle found in India and Sri Lanka.
Apogonia rauca is a species of dung beetle found in India and Sri Lanka.
Holotrichia reynaudi is a species of dung beetle found in South India and Sri Lanka.
Holotrichia rufoflava is a species of dung beetle found in South India and Sri Lanka.
Holotrichia serrata, commonly known as the sugarcane white grub, or cockchafer grub, is a species of dung beetle found in India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.
Leucopholis pinguis is a species of scarab beetle found in Sri Lanka.
Schizonycha ruficollis, is a species of dung beetle found in India and Sri Lanka.
Phyllognathus dionysius, is a species of dung beetle found in India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Nepal.
Herophydrus musicus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in Asia and Europe.
Myllocerus viridanus, often known as sweet potato beetle, pod borer or ash weevil, is a species of weevil native to India and Sri Lanka.
Euwallacea piceus, is a species of weevil native to Oriental Asia but introduced to African and other Westerns Pacific parts of the world. It is a serious pest in tropical and subtropical parts of the Americas.
Myllocerus discolor, commonly known as mango ash weevil, is a species of weevil found in India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar. The Sri Lankan population is identified as the subspecies, Myllocerus discolor canescens.
Xylosandrus morigerus, is a species of weevil widespread throughout Afrotropical, Australian, Neotropical, Oceania and Oriental regions. It is also introduced to Palearctic regional countries.
Euwallacea perbrevis, commonly known as tea shot-hole borer, is a species of weevil native to South and South-East Asia through to Australia, but introduced to Western countries.
Xyleborus perforans, commonly known as island pinhole borer, is a species of weevil native in the Oriental region through to Australia but shows a cosmopolitan distribution due to introduction to many parts of the world.