Adrianitidae Temporal range: | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Cephalopoda |
Subclass: | † Ammonoidea |
Order: | † Goniatitida |
Superfamily: | † Adrianitoidea |
Family: | † Adrianitidae Schindewolf, 1931 |
Subfamilies | |
Adrianitidae is a family in the Adrianitaceae, a superfamily of ammonites in the cephalopod order, Goniatitida, known from the Middle Pennsylvanian to the Middle Permian.
Members of the Adrianitidae, named by Schindewolf in 1931, and of the Adrianitaceae, have shells (conchs) that are discoidal to globular with umbilici that vary in form, and sutures with 10 to 30, more or less equal, lobes.
The Adrianitinae which come from the Lower and Middle Permian have sutures that form 14 to 30 lobes. Genera included Adrianites, Hoffmannia, Doryceras, Crimites, and Texoceras. The Dumbaritinae which come from the Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian (U Carb) have sutures with only 10 lobes. Clinolobus, from the Middle Permian of Sicily, has about 14 lobes with the course of the external suture forming a V.
The Adriantidae contains three subfamilies, the Adrianitinae, Hoffmanniinae, and Texoceratinae. Most of the genera in the family, some 15 in number, are included in the Adrianitinae. The remaining two are included, one each, in the Hoffmanniinae and Texoceratinae.
Dunbarites and Clinolobus included in the Adrianantidae in the older edition of Treatise (Part L) have since then been reassigned; Dunbarites to the Schistocerataceae and Clinolobus to the Neoicocerataceae
The Emilitinae, established to include the most primitive members of the family, based on Emilites , have been reincorporated into the Adrianitinae. Pamiritella for which the Pamiritellinae was established is considered also part of the Adrianitinae.
According to Saunders et al. (1999), the Adrianitidae are derived from Clistoceras , a genus in the Somholitaceae, through Emilites, which in turn is the source for Pseudoemilites and Crimites . Pseudoemilites resulted in small groups that include Veruzhites and Nevadoceras as well. Crimites on the other hand gave rise to Neocrimites and Pamiritella which respectively are the source for the Adrianitinae and Pameritellinae. Crimites also gave rise to Aricoceras and Neoaricoceras . The source for either Hoffmannia or Texoceras is unknown.
In the taxonomies put forth by Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf (ca 1960) in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L, Ammonoidea, the Adrianitidae is divided into three subfamilies, the more advanced Adrianitinae based on Adrianites, the more primitive Dunbaritinae containing Dunbarites and Emilites, and the Clinolobitinae with just Clinolobus .
Agathiceras is a subglobose goniatitid from the family Agathiceratidae, widespread and locally abundant in Lower Pennsylvanian to Middle Permian sediments, e.g. the Urals, Sicily, and Texas.
Beyrichoceras is a genus belonging to the goniatitid family Maxigoniatitidae that lived during the Mississippian Period
Dimeroceratidae is one of three families in the Dimeroceratoidea, a goniatid superfamily included in the Ammonoidea; extinct shelled cephalopods with adorally convex septa and usually narrow ventro-marginal siphuncles.
Tornoceratoidea, also known as Tornocerataceae, is a superfamily of goniatitid ammonoids included in the suborder Tornoceratina. Tornoceratoidea, or Tornocerataceae, is essentially the Cheilocerataceae of Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf (1957) in the Treatise Part L, revised to accommodate new taxa and new perspectives on the phylogeny.
Tornoceratidae is a family of goniatitid ammonoids from the middle and upper Devonian. The family is included in the suborder Tornoceratina and the superfamily Tornoceratoidea.
Adrianitinae is a subfamily of the Adrianitidae which is part of the goniatitid superfamily Adrianitaceae. The Adrianitinae which comprise the more advanced genera in the Adrianitidae have sutures that form 14 to 30 lobes. Shells may be discoidal or globular or in between.
Hoffmanniinae is an adrianitid ammonoid cephalopod subfamily established for the Middle Permian genus Hoffmannia.
Texoceras is an extinct ammonoid genus in the monotypic goniatitid subfamily Texoceratinae, included in the family Adrianitidae. These were shelled cephalopods more closely related to squids, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish than to nautiloids from which they are derived.
Agathiceratidae, as revised, makes up the goniatitid superfamily Agathiceratoidea. Agathiceratidae, which lived from the Upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) to the Middle Permian, combine related genera with subdiscoidal to globular shells that have a small umbilicus and goniatitic sutures and are prominently longitudinally lirate. The explanation for the Agathiceratidae is that for the Agathiceratoidea.
Goniatitidae is one of three families included in the ammonoid cephalopod superfamily Goniatitoidea, known from the Lower Mississippian to the Upper Permian. They have sutures that form 8 lobes and characteristically lack sculpture. The ventral lobe, as for the superfamily, is bifurcated.
Thalassoceratidae a family of late Paleozoic ammonites included in the goniatitid superfamily Thalassoceratoidea along with the Bisatoceratidae. Some eight genera are included, although the specific number and exactly which depends on the particular classification.
The Ammonellipsitinae is a subfamily within the Pericyclidae, a family within the goniatitid superfamily Pericycloidea from the Lower Carboniferous (Mississippian) characterized by having a suture in which the sides of the ventral lobe diverge and the first lateral saddle is acute or subacute, and in which the immature and juvenile shell has a wide umbilicus.
Medlicottiidae is a family of ammonoid cephalopods belonging to the Prolecanitida, known from the Upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) to the Early Triassic.
Prolecanitida is an order of extinct ammonoid cephalopods, the major Late Paleozoic group of ammonoids alongside the order Goniatitida. Prolecanitids had narrow shells, discoidal (disc-shaped) to thinly lenticular (lens-shaped). They retained a retrochoanitic siphuncle, a simple form with septal necks extending backwards. As is typical for ammonoids, the siphuncle sits along the ventral margin of the shell.
Prolecanitoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of ammonoids in the order Prolecanitida. Prolecanitoidea is one of two superfamilies in the order, along with the younger and more complex Medlicottioidea. The Prolecanitoidea were a low-diversity and morphologically conservative group. They lived from the Lower Carboniferous up to the Middle Permian. Their shells are generally smooth and discoidal, with a rounded lower edge, a moderate to large umbilicus, and goniatitic to ceratitic sutures. Suture complexity varies from 10 up to 22 total lobes ; new lobes are added from subdivision of saddles adjacent to the original main umbilical lobe.
Agoniatitida, also known as the Anarcestida, is the ancestral order within the cephalopod subclass Ammonoidea originating from bactritoid nautiloids, that lived in what would become Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America during the Devonian from about the lower boundary of Zlichovian stage into Taghanic event during upper middle Givetian, existing for approximately 25 million years.
Clyclolobus is a smooth, essentially involute subdiscoidal goniatitid ammonoid that has sutures with a bifurcate ventral lobe, flared outwardly at the end, in which the halves may be secondarily trifurcated, ending in sharp, narrow projections. Lateral sutural elements follow an acuate line that swings first to the front, then sharply to the rear before becoming hidden by the next whorl. Saddles are narrow, cumulous in appearance with short, irregular, rounded sub-endings. Ventro-lateal lobes are trifurcate with pointed, thorn-like projections.
Cravevoceras is an Upper Paleozoic ammonite in the goniatite family Cravenoceratidae, probably derived from Pachylyroceras and contemporary with other cravenoceratid genera like Caenolyroceras, Tympanoceras and later Alaoceras and Lyrogoniatites. It is also a member of the Neoglyphioceratoidea.
The Uddenitinae a subfamily of the Medlicottiidae, a family of ammonoid cephalopods included in the Prolecanitida. The Uddenitinae, proposed by Miller and Furnish, and known from the Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian, are transitional between the ancestral Pronoritidae and the more traditional medlicottiids.
The Medlicottiinae is a subfamily of the Medlicottiidae, a family of ammonoid cephalopods included in the Prolecanitida, characterized by having discoidal to thinly lenticular shells with a retuse (grooved) venter and sutures with bifid auxiliary lobes.