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The American Society of Transplantation (AST) is an international organization of over 4,000 transplant professionals dedicated to advancing the field of transplantation through the promotion of research, education, advocacy, organ donation, and service to the community through a lens of equity and inclusion. It is the largest professional transplantation society in North America. [1]
The history of the AST begins in 1981, when the charter members of the society met at the annual meeting of the American Society of Nephrology (ASN). It was at this meeting where a new society, known as the American Society of Transplant Physicians (ASTP), was created to meet the professional needs of a burgeoning group of transplant physicians. The ASTP was founded on May 10, 1982, with membership open to physicians and certain other health professionals who shared an interest in transplantation medicine and biology. In 1998, the ASTP changed its name to the American Society of Transplantation (AST) and opened its membership to additional health professionals working in the area of transplantation. [2]
The society's first annual meeting (as the ASTP) took place on June 3, 1982, in Chicago. In 2000, the AST returned to Chicago in conjunction with the American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS) and held the first American Transplant Congress (ATC). Since that time, the ATC has met annually in a variety of North American cities, and is currently the largest annual meeting of transplant professionals. [3]
The first Fellows Symposium on Transplant Medicine was held July 27–28, 1996 in St. Louis, Missouri. Renamed the Fellows Symposium on Transplantation in 2015, this meeting gives clinical fellows and residents, surgical fellows, research fellows, pharmacists, and other trainees the opportunity to participate in specialized scientific sessions and meet one-on-one with senior transplant specialists. [2]
The first AST Winter Symposium was held February 13–17, 1997, in Phoenix, Arizona. The AST's winter meeting has been designated as the Cutting Edge of Transplantation (CEOT) meeting. [2]
The AST held its first Transplant Patient Summit in October 2017. The meeting was held in Washington, DC and was the society's first patient-focused meeting. The society later changed the name of this summit to the Transplant Community Summit. The second was held during the Transplant Games of America in August 2018.
In 2007, the Transplant Nephrology Core Curriculum (TNCC) was launched as an online program provided jointly by the ASN and the AST. The TNCC focuses on key information needed to prepare for the American Board of Internal Medicine Nephrology Board Certification and Maintenance of Certification examinations. [4]
In 2011, the AST launched the Timely Topics in Transplantation (T3) webinar series. The T3 webinars can be viewed live or on-demand, and span all transplant topics. [5]
In 2017, the AST launched the Comprehensive Trainee Curriculum, an educational resource that helps young transplant professional expand their broad understanding of the field.[ citation needed ]
The Society also launched its Transplant in 10 resource in 2017. Transplant in 10 aims to educate busy transplant professionals with videos that are 10 minutes or less.
The AST Communities of Practice (COPs) are specialty-area focused groups within the larger society. The AST currently has 16 COPs:
The American Journal of Transplantation is the joint monthly peer-reviewed medical journal of the AST and ASTS, published by Wiley-Blackwell. [6]
Additional publications:
The AST Research Network is the AST's mechanism for identifying, funding, and providing ongoing support to the most innovative research in transplantation and immunology.
Power2Save (P2S) is an initiative developed by the AST dedicated to increasing public awareness around the importance of donating organs, advocating for patient health, and funding transplant research. [11]
Nephrology is a specialty for both adult internal medicine and pediatric medicine that concerns the study of the kidneys, specifically normal kidney function and kidney disease, the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney disease, from diet and medication to renal replacement therapy. The word "renal" is an adjective meaning "relating to the kidneys", and its roots are French or late Latin. Whereas according to some opinions, "renal" and "nephro" should be replaced with "kidney" in scientific writings such as "kidney medicine" or "kidney replacement therapy", other experts have advocated preserving the use of renal and nephro as appropriate including in "nephrology" and "renal replacement therapy", respectively.
Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) is a medical school and research center in Houston, Texas, within the Texas Medical Center, the world's largest medical center. BCM is composed of four academic components: the School of Medicine, the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; the School of Health Professions, and the National School of Tropical Medicine.
The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), originally the Society of American Bacteriologists, is a professional organization for scientists who study viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa as well as other aspects of microbiology. It was founded in 1899. The Society publishes a variety of scientific journals, textbooks, and other educational materials related to microbiology and infectious diseases. ASM organizes annual meetings, as well as workshops and professional development opportunities for its members.
Stanley "Stan" Falkow was an American microbiologist and a professor of microbiology at Georgetown University, University of Washington, and Stanford University School of Medicine. Falkow is known as the father of the field of molecular microbial pathogenesis. He formulated molecular Koch's postulates, which have guided the study of the microbial determinants of infectious diseases since the late 1980s. Falkow spent over 50 years uncovering molecular mechanisms of how bacteria cause disease and how to disarm them. Falkow also was one of the first scientists to investigate antimicrobial resistance, and presented his research extensively to scientific, government, and lay audiences explaining the spread of resistance from one organism to another, now known as horizontal gene transfer, and the implications of this phenomenon on our ability to combat infections in the future.
Medical education in Philippines is principally offered and developed by accredited and government recognized medical schools in the country.
Robert Alan Good NAM, NAS, AAAS was an American physician who performed the first successful human bone marrow transplant between persons who were not identical twins. He is regarded as a founder of modern immunology.
Robert Provenzano is an American nephrologist. He is also an Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine at Wayne State University School of Medicine.
Founded in 1966, the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) is the world's largest professional society devoted to the study of kidney disease. Composed of over 20,000 physicians and scientists, ASN promotes expert patient care, advances medical research, and educates the renal community. ASN also informs policymakers about issues of importance to kidney doctors and their patients.
Diane Edmund Griffin is the university distinguished professor and a professor in the Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, where she was the department chair from 1994-2015. She is also the current vice-president of the National Academy of Sciences. She holds joint appointments in the departments of Neurology and Medicine. In 2004, Griffin was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in the discipline of microbial biology.
The American Journal of Transplantation is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Elsevier on behalf of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons and the American Society of Transplantation. It covers research on all aspects of organ transplantation. Each issue offers continuing medical education in the form of its Images in Transplantation feature, a case-based approach.
The American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) is an organization of physicians, scientists, nurses, and allied health professionals whose mission is to advance apheresis medicine for patients, donors and practitioners through education, evidence-based practice, research and advocacy. ASFA represents a broad range of health care professionals involved in apheresis medicine including those practicing pathology, transplantation, hematology, oncology, neurology, rheumatology, nephrology, hepatology, gastroenterology, cardiology, and ophthalmology. These health care providers are involved in the performance of therapeutic apheresis procedures including plasma exchange, red cell exchange, leukocytapheresis, plateletapheresis, photopheresis, LDL apheresis, and hematopoietic progenitor cell collection. ASFA also represents those physicians and allied health professionals involved in the collection of blood products from blood donors using apheresis instruments.
Bernd Schröppel is a German former transplant nephrologist at the Mount Sinai Medical Center and the former medical director of the kidney pancreas transplant program at the Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute at the Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City. He is also a former assistant professor of nephrology at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine.
Kim Solez is an American pathologist and co-founder of the Banff Classification, the first standardized international classification for renal allograft biopsies. He is also the founder of the Banff Foundation for Allograft Pathology.
Arturo Casadevall is a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology and Infectious Diseases at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, and the Alfred and Jill Sommer Professor and Chair of the W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. He is an internationally recognized expert in infectious disease research, with a focus on fungal and bacterial pathogenesis and basic immunology of antibody structure-function. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2022.
Narinder Kumar Mehra is an Indian immunologist, head of the department of transplant immunology and immunogenetics of the SRL Limited, Gurgaon. He is a former dean of research and holds the ICMR Dr. C.G. Pandit National Chair at AIIMS. An elected fellow of the International Medical Sciences Academy, The World Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy and National Academy of Sciences, India, Mehra is known for his research on histocompatibility and immunogenetics. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Medical Sciences in 1992. He received the Chevalier of the National Order of Merit from François Mitterrand in 2003.
Pankaj Chandak is an Indian-born British surgeon who made innovations in the use of 3D printing in paediatric kidney transplant surgery. He has also undertaken work in education, public engagement, presenting demonstrations, and acting in The Crown television series. He graduated from Guy's and St Thomas' University of London medical school and was an anatomy demonstrator under Professor Harold Ellis CBE.
Allan Douglas Kirk, FACS, is chairman of the department of surgery in the Duke University School of Medicine and surgeon-in-chief for Duke University Health System. He is the David C. Sabiston Jr. Professor of Surgery and a professor of immunology and pediatrics. He served as editor-in-chief for the American Journal of Transplantation from 2010 through 2020, and is now Editor Emeritus.
Minnie M. Sarwal is an adult and pediatric nephrologist, researcher of transplant immunology, and biotechnology entrepreneur in San Francisco. She has made significant contributions to the field of organ transplantation, including conducting the first successful complete steroid avoidance trial in the US and the first dosing safety trial for Rituximab in pediatric renal transplantation. She also spearheaded genomic and proteomics investigations into mechanisms of organ transplant injury and was the first to determine that there was substantive molecular heterogeneity in acute kidney transplant rejection. She has successfully commercialized blood testing for early diagnosis of both acute rejection and operational tolerance in kidney transplant patients, providing tools for proactive and predictive immunosuppression monitoring for transplant recipients.
Samira Farouk, MD, MS, FASN is a board-certified transplant nephrologist and Associate Professor of Medicine and Medical Education at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS). She teaches medical students, residents, and fellows, and also develops and studies innovations in medical education. Her clinical research interests include the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis in regards to transplant survival and chronic kidney diseases. Farouk is also cofounder of the free mobile-friendly nephrology teaching tool NephSIM, Associate Program Director of the Nephrology Fellowship at ISMMS, and Director of Mentoring and Trainee Engagement of KIDNEYcon.
Agnes B. Fogo is a professor of renal pathology at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
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