List of organ transplant donors and recipients

George Lopez had a kidney transplant.

This list of notable organ transplant donors and recipients includes people who were the first to undergo certain organ transplant procedures or were people who made significant contributions to their chosen field and who have either donated or received an organ transplant at some point in their lives, as confirmed by public information.

The list in this article can give the impression that we can only solve disease in ~35(see list below) of the ~90 organs we have in our body(see List of organs of the human body ). However very often we only transplaten a part of the Organ(tissue), a few examples are:

- Hematopoietic stem cell / bone marrow transplant for Leukemia ^[1]

- Corneal epithelial (limbal stem cell) transplantation against, against Severe ocular‑surface disorders ^[2]

- Islet of Langerhans transplantation against Type 1 diabetes mellitus. ^[3]

Thinking of whole organ transplant as the only commonly used method of transplantation against disease would be insufficient. However listing all possible tissue transplants is beyond the scope of this article for now.

Survival statistics

Survival statistics depend greatly on the age of donor, age of recipient, skill of the transplant center, compliance of the recipient, whether the organ came from a living or deceased donor and overall health of the recipient. Median survival rates can be quite misleading, especially for the relatively small sample that is available for these organs.^{[ citation needed ]} Survival rates improve almost yearly, due to improved techniques and medications. This example is from the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS), the USA umbrella organization for transplant centers. Up-to-date data can be obtained from the UNOS website.^{[ citation needed ]}

Transplant Type	Median survival
Liver transplant	16 years
Heart transplant	10 years
Kidney transplant	16 years

Notable first procedures

Definition of Columns Used in Organ and Tissue Transplant Table

Column Name	Definition
No.	Sequential number of the entry in the list
Procedure	The name of the surgical or medical transplant/reconstruction procedure performed
Doctor in charge of transplant	The lead surgeon or medical practitioner responsible for the transplant or reconstruction
Name of recipient	The name of the patient who received the transplant, if known
Organ donated by	The source of the tissue or organ (e.g. autologous, living donor, deceased donor, synthetic)
Comments	Context, historical importance, or special notes about the procedure
Date of transplant	The year or estimated time the transplant took place
Country where the operation took place	The country in which the procedure first occurred
Survival / Outcome	How many years did the patient survive after having the procedure?
Reference	Primary sources, medical literature, or historical texts that document the event

Suggestion for how the Original lists could be formatted into 1

Notable Early and First Transplant Procedures (Almost Chronologically Sorted)

No.	Procedure	Doctor in charge of transplant	Name of recipient	Organ donated by	Comments	Date of transplant	Country where the operation took place	Survival / Outcome	Reference
1	Nasal reconstruction (forehead flap)	Sushruta (ancient India)	Unnamed	Autologous tissue (forehead skin and flap)	Very early documented reconstruction using skin and tissue transfer; not a modern graft with blood supply restoration	Estimated ~1500–1000 BC	India	N/A (historical)	Various historical texts including *Sushruta Samhita*
25	Blood transfusion	Dr. James Blundell	Unnamed woman	Human donor (husband)	First successful human-to-human blood transfusion	1818-01-01	UK	Survived hemorrhage	[4]
2	First corneal transplant	Eduard Zirm	Alois Glogar	Karl Brauer	—	1905-12-07	Spain	—	[5]
20	Esophagus reconstruction (autologous)	Dr. Dan Gavriliu	Unnamed	Autologous (patient's stomach)	First use of stomach to reconstruct esophagus	1951-04-20		Survived	Dan Gavriliu
26	Hair transplant (punch graft technique)	Dr. Norman Orentreich	Unnamed male	Autologous (own scalp)	First modern hair transplant; technique still in use	1952-01-01		Permanent hair growth	[6] [7] [8]
3	First human kidney transplant	Joseph Murray	Richard Herrick	Ronald Herrick (twin brother)	—	1954-12-23	USA	Approx. 8 years	[9]
22	Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT)	Dr. Ben Eiseman	Unnamed (4 patients)	Healthy donor stool	Used to treat pseudomembranous colitis	1958-01-01		Symptoms resolved	[10] [11] [12]
4	First human liver transplant	Thomas Starzl	—	—	First transplant was unsuccessful; the first successful liver transplant was performed four years later	1963-01-01	USA	—	[13]
5	First human lung transplant	James D. Hardy	—	—	First transplant was unsuccessful; first successful lung transplant was in 1983 by Joel Cooper	1963-01-01		—	[13]
9	First human pancreas transplant	Richard Lillehei and William Kelly	Anonymous young woman	—	Patient survived ~4.5 months; died of lung infection	1966-12-16	USA	~4.5 months	[14] [15] [16]
6	First human heart transplant	Christiaan Barnard	Louis Washkansky	Denise Darvall	Washkansky survived only 18 days	1967-12-03		18 days	[17]
16	Larynx transplant	Dr. Marshall Strome	Tim Heidler	Deceased donor	First larynx transplant with speech recovery	1998-01-01		Yes
8	First human hand transplant	Earl Owen and Jean-Michel Dubernard	Clint Hallam	—	Hand was removed by request of recipient after ~2.5 years	1998-09-23		—	[18]
21	Esophagus transplant (experimental)	Dr. Francisco T. A. Leite et al.	Unnamed	Deceased donor / synthetic scaffold	Experimental in early 2000s; not standard	~2003–2011		Short-term survival	NIH [19] [20] [21] [22] [23]
10	First partial human face transplant	Jean-Michel Dubernard and Bernard Devauchelle	Isabelle Dinoire	—	Body rejected parts of the graft; died due to complications and cancer	2005-11-27		10 years	[24] [25]
18	Full face transplant	Dr. Joan Pere Barret	Óscar (surname withheld)	Deceased donor	First full face transplant (previous were partial)	2010-03-01		Yes
23	Gut microbiota transplant (approved therapy)	Various (clinical trials)	Various	Healthy donor stool	Became FDA-approved for C. difficile	2013-01-01		Cure rate 80–90%	FDA [26] [27] [28]
14	Uterus transplant (live birth)	Dr. Mats Brännström	Unnamed	Living donor	First successful live birth after uterus transplant	2014-01-01		Yes
12	First human penis transplant	—	21-year-old male	—	Performed after amputation due to circumcision complications	2014-12-01		—	[29]
15	Penis + Scrotum + Abdominal Wall	Dr. W.P. Andrew Lee (Johns Hopkins)	Unnamed US veteran	Deceased donor	First transplant including external genitalia and abdominal wall	2018-01-01		Yes
17	Trachea transplant	Dr. Eric Genden	Sonia Sein	Cadaveric donor	First long-segment trachea transplant	2021-01-01		Yes
24	Synthetic/defined bacterial therapy	Finch, Seres Therapeutics	Various	Lab-grown bacteria	First FDA-approved microbiome therapy (Rebyota, Vowst)	2023-01-01		Approved (ongoing monitoring)	FDA [30] [27] [28] [12]
13	First xenotransplant (human heart from pig)	—	David Bennett Sr.	Genetically modified pig	First gene-edited pig heart to human; patient died ~2 months later	2024-01-01		2 months	[31]
7	First heart and lung transplant	—	Brenda Barber	—	UK's first successful heart-lung transplant	1984		10 years	[17]
19	Small intestine (bowel) transplant	Dr. Rainer W. G. Gruessner	Unnamed	Deceased donor	First successful small bowel transplant	1988, Germany		Yes
11	First transplant of a human organ grown from adult stem cells	—	—		First stem cell-derived organ transplant	—			[32] [33] [34] [35] [36]
27	vains	—	—	—	—	2000s		—	[37]
28	Thyroid	Patient with autoimmune adrenal insufficiency + diabetes	Deceased donor, adrenal graft en bloc with kidney	First reported simultaneous kidney–adrenal gland–pancreas transplantation (i.e., adrenal graft as part of composite)	—	2013 (report published)		—	[38]
29	Adreanal gland	Dr. Rainer W.G. Gruessner	—	—	—	—		—	[38]
29	Spleen	Dr. Tomoaki Kato and Dr. Andreas Tzakis	—	—	—	—		—	[39]
30	Bladder	—	—	—	—	May 4, 2025		—	[40]
31	Arterie	—	—	—	—	2000s		—	[41] [42]
32	Nerves	—	—	—	—	—		—	[43]
33	Tongue								[44]
34	teeth

AOriginal lists

Procedure	Doctor in charge of transplant	Name of recipient	Organ donated by	Comments	Date of transplant	Survival	Reference
Nasal reconstruction (forehead flap)	Sushruta (ancient India)	Unnamed	Autologous tissue (forehead skin and flap)	Very early documented reconstruction using skin and tissue transfer; not a modern graft with blood supply restoration	Estimated ~1500–1000 BC	N/A (historical)	Various historical texts including Sushruta Samhita
First corneal transplant	Eduard Zirm	Alois Glogar	Karl Brauer		December 7, 1905		[5]
First human kidney transplant	Joseph Murray	Richard Herrick	Ronald Herrick (twin brother)		December 23, 1954	Approx. 8 years	[9]
First human liver transplant	Thomas Starzl			First transplant was unsuccessful. The first successful liver transplant was performed by Starzl four years later.	1963		[13]
First human lung transplant	James D. Hardy			First transplant was unsuccessful. The first successful lung transplant was performed in 1983 by Joel Cooper.	1963		[13]
First human heart transplant	Christiaan Barnard	Louis Washkansky	Denise Darvall	Transplant was only good for 18 days. Washkansky died on December 21, 1967.	December 3, 1967	18 days	[17]
First Heart and Lung Transplant		Brenda Barber		1984 - UK's first successful heart and lung transplant	1984	10 years
First human hand transplant	Earl Owen and Jean-Michel Dubernard	Clint Hallam		The transplanted hand was removed at request of recipient after about two and a half years on February 2, 2001.	September 23, 1998		[18]
First human pancreas transplant	Richard Lillehei and William Kelly	Anonymous "young woman"		Patient survived for 4+1⁄2 months and died in May 1967 of a lung infection and pneumonia.	December 16, 1966		[14] [15] [16]
First partial human face transplant	Jean-Michel Dubernard and Bernard Devauchelle	Isabelle Dinoire		Dinoire's body rejected the transplant in 2015 and she lost part of the use of her lips. The daily immunosuppressive drugs she was required to take left her vulnerable to cancer which later claimed her life.	November 27, 2005	10 years	[24] [25]
First transplant of a human organ grown from adult stem cells							[32] [33] [34] [35] [36]
First human penis transplant				Transplant was done to a 21-year-old male with penis amputation due to problem of circumcision before.	December 2014		[29]
First Human Heart Transplant with non human heart/XenoTransplantation		David Bennett Sr.		Genetically modified pig. Done At Maryland University Medical School.	January 2024	2 months	[31]

Procedure	Doctor in charge of transplant	Name of recipient	Organ donated by	Comments	Date of transplant	Survival	Reference
Uterus	Dr. Mats Brännström	Unnamed	Living donor	First live birth after uterus transplant	2014, Sweden	Yes	https://www.gu.se/en/news/worlds-first-child-born-after-uterus-transplantation
Penis + Scrotum + Abdominal Wall	Dr. W.P. Andrew Lee (Johns Hopkins)	Unnamed U.S. veteran	Deceased donor	First extensive transplant including genitalia and lower abdominal wall (scrotum transplanted, no testicles to avoid donor DNA)	2018, Johns Hopkins (USA)	Yes	https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/johns-hopkins-performs-first-total-penis-and-scrotum-transplant-in-the-world
Larynx	Dr. Marshall Strome	Tim Heidler	Deceased donor	First successful human larynx transplant with speech recovery	1998, Cleveland Clinic, USA	Yes	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02714347
Trachea	Dr. Eric Genden	Sonia Sein	Cadaveric donor	First long-segment trachea transplant using cadaveric donor segment	2021, Mount Sinai, USA	Yes	https://www.anesthesiologynews.com/Clinical-Anesthesiology/Article/05-21/Mount-Sinai-Team-Performs-First-Successful-Trachea-Transplant/63367
Full Face	Dr. Joan Pere Barret	Óscar (surname withheld)	Deceased donor	First full face transplant (previous were partial)	March 2010, Barcelona, Spain	Yes	https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/first-full-face-transplant
Small Intestine (Bowel)	Dr. Rainer W. G. Gruessner	Unnamed	Deceased donor	First successful small bowel transplant	1988, Kiel, Germany	Yes	https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/873619

Procedure	Doctor in charge of transplant	Name of recipient	Organ donated by	Comments	Date of transplant	Survival / Outcome	Reference
Esophagus (reconstruction using stomach tissue)	Dr. Dan Gavriliu	Unnamed	Autologous (patient's stomach)	First successful surgical replacement of the esophagus using stomach to bypass esophageal damage	April 20, 1951, Romania	Patient survived; procedure became a surgical milestone in GI reconstruction	Wikipedia – Dan Gavriliu
Esophagus (cadaveric transplant – experimental)	Dr. Francisco T. A. Leite et al.	Unnamed (human and animal models)	Deceased donor / synthetic scaffold	Experimental donor/synthetic esophagus transplants began in early 2000s; mixed results, not standard practice	~2003–2011 (experimental phase)	Short-term survival in some animal/human trials; long-term failure due to graft necrosis	NIH
Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT)	Dr. Ben Eiseman	Unnamed (4 patients)	Healthy donor stool	First modern recorded FMT to treat pseudomembranous colitis	1958, USA	All 4 patients had resolution of colitis symptoms; long-term survival not documented	Eiseman B. et al., Surgery, 1958
Gut microbiota transplant (clinical approval)	Various (standardized trials)	Various	Healthy donor stool	FMT became clinically accepted treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile	2013 FDA guidance; widespread in 2010s	Cure rate of ~80–90% in clinical trials; patients followed for months to years	FDA
Synthetic/Defined Bacterial Consortium Therapy	Finch Therapeutics, Seres Therapeutics	Various	Lab-grown bacterial cultures (no donor stool)	First FDA-approved live biotherapeutics for microbiome restoration (e.g., Rebyota, Vowst)	2023, USA	Approved after trials showing reduced recurrence of infection at 8 weeks; long-term monitoring ongoing	FDA Approval – Rebyota, Vowst
Blood transfusion (first successful)	Dr. James Blundell	Unnamed woman (postpartum hemorrhage)	Human donor (husband)	First successful human-to-human blood transfusion	1818, London, UK	Patient survived initial hemorrhage; long-term outcome not recorded	BMJ – Blundell's work
Hair transplant (punch graft technique)	Dr. Norman Orentreich	Unnamed male patient with male pattern baldness	Autologous (back of patient's scalp)	First modern hair transplant using punch grafting, basis for modern technique	1952, USA	Grafts were retained permanently; patient showed sustained hair growth for decades	Orentreich N. 1959

Notable recipients

Multiple organ transplant

Penis + Scrotum + Abdominal Wall

Dr. W.P. Andrew Lee (Johns Hopkins)

Unnamed U.S. veteran

Deceased donor

First extensive transplant including genitalia and lower abdominal wall (scrotum transplanted, no testicles to avoid donor DNA)

2018, Johns Hopkins (USA)

Yes

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/johns-hopkins-performs-first-total-penis-and-scrotum-transplant-in-the-world

Corneal transplant

Name	Life	Comments	Date of transplant	Survival	Reference
Mandy Patinkin	(1952–)	Actor. He suffered from keratoconus, a degenerative eye disease, in the mid-1990s. This led to two corneal transplants; his right cornea in 1997, and his left in 1998.	1997, 1998		[45]
Nicholas Currie, also known as Momus	(1960–)	Scottish musician, journalist, and performance artist. Underwent transplant after infection from acanthamoeba keratitis, resulting in improved vision.	1999

Heart transplants

See also Category:Heart transplant recipients

Name	Life	Comments	Date of transplant	Survival	Reference
Robert Altman	(1925–2006)	Film Director. Announced the transplant at the 78th Academy Awards in 2005 while accepting his Lifetime Achievement Oscar. Altman said, "I'm here under false pretenses … Eleven years ago I had a heart transplant, a total heart transplant. I got the heart of, I think, a young woman who was in about in her late thirties. By that kind of calculation you may be giving this award too early because I think I've got about 40 years left."	1995	11 years	[46]
Kurtis Blow	(1959–)	Rapper. He received a heart transplant on December 6, 2020.	2020		[47]
Robert P. Casey	(1932–2000)	41st Governor of Pennsylvania. Announced that he needed a rare heart/liver transplant due to a rare genetic condition in which proteins invade and destroy major bodily organs. Shortly after the announcement, Casey received the heart and liver from a 35-year-old African-American male who was killed in an auto accident near Erie, Pennsylvania. The short time between the announcement and the operation lead to accusations that Casey was secretly placed on the top of the waiting list, along with sparking an urban legend that the donor was "killed" by the Pennsylvania State Police in order to "harvest" the organs.	1993	6 years
Dick Cheney	(1941–)	Vice President of the United States 2001–2009. Received his heart transplant on March 24, 2012, at Inova Fairfax Hospital	March 24, 2012		[48]
Erik Compton	(1979–)	American professional golfer	1992, 2008		[49]
Glen Gondrezick	(1953–2009)	American basketball player, formerly in the NBA, and broadcaster.	September 20, 2008	7 months	[50]
Jonathan Hardy	(1940–2012)	New Zealand actor. Starred as voice of Rygel on Farscape ; wrote the screenplay for Breaker Morant and was nominated for an Academy Award.	1988	24 years
Billy T. James	(1948–1991)	New Zealand comedian and entertainer.	1989	2 years	[51]
Simon Keith	(1965–)	British Professional Footballer. Recognized as the first athlete to play a professional sport after undergoing a heart transplant.	1986, 2019	35 years
Eddie Large	(1941–2020)	British comedian. One half of the comedy duo Little and Large.	2002	18 years
Mussum	(1941–1994)	Brazilian actor, singer and comedian.	July 12, 1994	17 days	[52] [53]
Norton Nascimento	(1962–2007)	Brazilian actor.	December 19, 2003	4 years	[54] [55]
Kelly Perkins	(1961–)	Author and noted world-class mountain climber who has set world records as the first ever heart transplant recipient to scale the most famous mountains in the world.	1995		[56]
Jerry Richardson	(1938–)	American businessman and principal owner of the NFL's Carolina Panthers.	February 1, 2009		[57]
Sandro	(1945–2010)	Argentine singer and actor. He died after complications of a heart–lung transplant.	November 20, 2009	45 days	[58]
Carroll Shelby	(1923–2012)	American entrepreneur famous for his race car driving and automotive developments in designing the cult-classic Shelby Cobras and Ford's Shelby Mustang. Carroll Shelby received a heart transplant in 1990, then in 1996, a living donor kidney transplant from his son. Carroll died May 10, 2012, at the age of 89.	Heart: 1990; Kidney: 1996	Heart: 22 years; Kidney: 16 years	[59]
Cal Stoll	(1923–2000)	American football player and coach.	Heart: 1987	Heart: 13 years	[60]
Frank Torre	(1931–2014)	American baseball player, brother of Joe Torre.	Heart: 1996; Kidney: 2007	Heart: 18 years; Kidney: 7 years

Kidney transplants

See also Category:Kidney transplant recipients

Name	Life	Comments	Date of transplant	Survival	Reference
Erma Bombeck	(1927–1996)	Comedian. Diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. She was on the transplant list prior to her diagnosis with breast cancer, and was removed from the list while being treated as is standard procedure. She was placed back on the list after her treatment was completed, and died from complications of the transplant surgery.	April 3, 1996	20 days	[ citation needed ]
Steven Cojocaru	(1965–)	Fashion critic and member of Entertainment Tonight . In November 2004 he announced that he was suffering from polycystic kidney disease and would require a kidney transplant. He underwent transplant surgery on January 14, 2005, after his friend Abby Finer donated one of her kidneys. Later, the kidney became infected by a virus, and in June 2005 he underwent a second operation to have the new kidney removed. On August 17, he announced that his body was free of the viral infection and that he was ready to find a new transplant. He then received a second kidney transplant, which was donated by his mother.	2005		[61] [62]
Natalie Cole	(1950–2015)	Singer-songwriter	May 20, 2009	6 years	[63]
Gary Coleman	(1968–2010)	Actor who played Arnold on Diff'rent Strokes . Received two separate kidney transplants, one in 1973 and another in 1984.		26 years (from second transplant)	[64]
Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland	(1973–)	Prince of Sweden, husband of Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden and former personal trainer and gym owner. Underwent a kidney transplant at Karolinska University Hospital, his father was the donor.	May 27, 2009		[65]
Lucy Davis	(1973–)	Actress best known for playing the character Dawn Tinsley in the BBC comedy, The Office . Kidney received in 1997, which was donated by her mother.	1997		[66]
Kenny Easley	(1959–)	Former NFL player	June 7, 1990		[67]
Aron Eisenberg	(1969–2019)	Actor, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine	December 29, 2015	4 years [68] [ circular reference ]	[69]
Sean Elliott	(1968–)	NBA basketball star. The kidney was donated by his brother. Elliott made history by returning to play in the NBA following his surgery.	August 16, 1999		[70]
Selena Gomez	(1992–)	Actress and singer. The kidney was donated by Gomez's best friend, actress Francia Raisa.	2017		[71]
Jennifer Harman	(1964–)	Poker player; only woman to win two open events in the World Series of Poker. Had two separate kidney transplants.			[72]
Ken Howard	(1932–)	English artist who was president of the New English Art Club from 1998 to 2003.	2000		[73]
Ivan Klasnić	(1980–)	Croatian international footballer. After kidney failure in late 2006, he underwent an unsuccessful transplant in January 2007, followed by a successful one from his father two months later. He returned to action with Werder Bremen in November, and played at Euro 2008, becoming the first kidney transplant patient to play in a major football finals.	March 13, 2007		[74] [75]
Jimmy Little	(1937–2012)	Australian country/rock artist.	February 2004	8 years	[76]
Jonah Lomu	(1975–2015)	New Zealand All Blacks rugby union player. The kidney was donated by Wellington radio presenter Grant Kereama. Lomu came back to professional rugby in 2005, though not with his past success.	July 28, 2004	11 years	[77]
George Lopez	(1961–)	Actor-comedian and star of the George Lopez TV series. Kidney transplant from his wife, Ann Lopez, in April 2005	April 2005		[78]
Sarah Hyland	(1990–)	American actress.	April 13, 2012		[79]
Tracy Morgan	(1968–)	American actor and comedian.	December 2010		[80]
Alonzo Mourning	(1970–)	NBA basketball star. Like Elliott, Mourning returned to play in the NBA following his surgery; he retired in January 2009, not having played since 2007 due to a serious leg injury.	December 19, 2003		[81]
Kerry Packer	(1937–2005)	His long-serving helicopter pilot, Nick Ross, donated one of his own kidneys to Packer for transplantation.	2000	5 years	[82] [83]
Charles Perkins	(1936–2000)	Australian soccer player, Aboriginal activist and government minister.	1972	28 years	[84] [85]
Billy Preston	(1946–2006)	An American soul musician from Houston, Texas, raised mostly in Los Angeles, California.	2002	4 years
Neil Simon	(1927–2018)	His long-time publicist, Bill Evans.	2004	14 years	[83]
Ron Springs	(1956–2011)	Former NFL player. Kidney donated by former Dallas Cowboys teammate Everson Walls.	February 28, 2007	See footnote [86]
Tina Turner	(1939–2023)	Singer and Actress. Kidney donated by husband Erwin Bach.	2014	May 24, 2023

Liver transplants

See also Category:Liver transplant recipients

Name	Life	Comments	Date of transplant	Survival	Reference
Eric Abidal	(1979–)	French footballer.	April 10, 2012		[89]
Gregg Allman	(1947–2017)	American musician best known as the leader of The Allman Brothers Band.	June 23, 2010	7 years	[90]
George Best	(1946–2005)	Northern Irish football player.	July 30, 2002	3 years	[91]
David Bird	(1959–2014)	American journalist; underwent transplant as a result of contracting hepatitis	2004	10 years	[92]
Jack Bruce	(1943–2014)	British musician most famous as a member of the 1960s band Cream. Diagnosed with liver cancer several months before the transplant.	September 19, 2003	11 years	[93]
Robert P. Casey	(1932–2000)	41st Governor of Pennsylvania. Received new liver during same operation in which he received a new heart.	1993	6 years
David Crosby	(1941–2023)	Rock-folk musician most famous as a member of The Byrds and Crosby, Stills, & Nash.	November 1994	28 years	[94] [95] [96]
Gerald Durrell	(1925–1995)	Founder of Jersey Zoo, author, television presenter, conservationist	28 March 1994	9 months approx	[97]
Shelley Fabares	(1944–)	Actress and singer who starred on the sitcom Coach .	2000		[98]
Freddy Fender	(1937–2006)	A country, and rock and roll musician. Diagnosed with hepatitis C in 2000.	2004	Approximately 2 years	[99] [100] [101]
Superstar Billy Graham	(1943–)	A former professional wrestler. Had a liver transplant after his was destroyed by hepatitis C, which he suspects was caught through blood spilt during a match.	2002		[99] [102]
Larry Hagman	(1931–2012)	Actor, best known for playing J.R. Ewing on the soap opera Dallas	1995	17 years	[103]
Steve Jobs	(1955–2011)	American businessman; cofounder and CEO of Apple Inc. and former CEO of Pixar. In 2004, he had a cancerous tumor removed from his pancreas.	April 2009	2 years	[104]
Chris Klug	(1972–)	Professional snowboarder who received a liver transplant to treat primary sclerosing cholangitis. Went on to compete in the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City. This was the first, and so far only time, a transplantee had competed in the Olympics, either the Winter or Summer Olympics.	2000		[105]
Evel Knievel	(1938–2007)	A stuntperson, best known for his public displays of long distance, high-altitude motorcycle jumping. He had a liver transplant as a result of hepatitis C, which he believed was contracted during an operation.	January 29, 1999	Almost 9 years	[99] [106] [107]
Phil Lesh	(1940–2024)	A musician and a founder member of the band the Grateful Dead, in which he played bass guitar. He was diagnosed with hepatitis C in 1992.	1998	26 years	[99] [108]
Linda Lovelace	(1949–2002)	A pornographic actress, most notable for the movie Deep Throat (1972). She contracted hepatitis C from a blood transfusion after an automobile accident in 1969.	1987	15 years	[99] [109]
Mickey Mantle	(1931–1995)	Hall of Fame baseball player. Mantle died a couple of months later of liver cancer, which spread to his new liver.	1995	2 months	[110]
Jim Nabors	(1930–2017)	Actor-singer-comedian, best known for playing Gomer Pyle in The Andy Griffith Show and its spinoff Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C.	1994	23 years	[111]
John Phillips	(1935–2001)	Singer, guitarist, and songwriter, best known as founder and leader of The Mamas & the Papas.	1992	Approximately 9 years	[112]
Lou Reed	(1942–2013)	American rock musician and songwriter.	2013	5 months	[113] [114] [115] [116]

Lung transplants

See also Category:Lung transplant recipients

Name	Life	Comments	Date of transplant	Survival	Reference
Sandro	(1945–2010)	Argentine singer and actor. He died after complications of a heart–lung transplant.	November 20, 2009	45 days	[58]
Ann Harrison	(1944–2001)	Recipient and long term survivor of the world's first human double-lung transplant	November 26, 1986	15 years	[117]
Charity Sunshine Tillemann-Dick	(1983–2019)	American soprano.	September 2009	10 years	[118]

Uterine transplants

Name	Life	Comments	Date of Transplant	Survival	Reference
Lili Elbe	(1882–1931)	A Danish painter and transgender women, she hoped to be able to conceive kids with her cis male partner. She received a uterus transplant and vaginoplasty, but died from cardiac arrest after post-surgical infection.	1931	3 months	[119]

Notable donors

Name	Life	Comments	Organ(s) donated	Date of transplant	Survival	Reference
Zell Kravinsky	(1954–)	American Investor known for donating over $45 million of his personal wealth to charity. Donated kidney to a stranger.	Kidney			[120]
Dick Cass	(1946–)	President of the Baltimore Ravens football team, donated kidney to law school friend	Kidney			[121]
Jake Garn	(1932–)	U.S. Senator/Space Shuttle specialist, donated a kidney to his daughter	Kidney	September 1986		[122]
Nicholas Green	(1987–1994)	American boy who was killed in Italy. His parents chose to donate his organs.	Various	October 1994	N/A; organs donated upon death	[123]
Jon-Erik Hexum	(1957–1984)	American model and actor.	Heart, kidneys and corneas	October 1984	N/A; organs donated upon death	[124]
Virginia Postrel	(1960–)	Donated kidney to her friend Sally Satel	Kidney	March 2006		[125] [126]
Dr. Rajkumar	(1929–2006)	Popular Indian film personality who donated his eyes after death and inspired thousands others to pledge their eyes.	Eyes	April 2006	N/A; organs donated upon death	[127]
Oscar Robertson	(1938–)	Basketball Hall of Famer. Donated kidney to his daughter Tia.	Kidney	1997		[128]
Neda Soltan	(1983–2009)	Iranian martyr, a bystander at a political protest, her death was recorded by cell phone cameras.	Various	Circa June 20, 2009	N/A; organs donated upon death	[129]
Angélico Vieira	(1982–2011)	Portuguese actor and singer.	Pancreas, liver and kidneys	Circa June 2011	N/A; organs donated upon death	[130]
Everson Walls	(1959–)	Former NFL player, donated kidney to former Dallas Cowboys teammate Ron Springs.	Kidney	February 28, 2007		[87]
Olle Westling	(1945–)	Swedish socionom and municipal civil servant, donated kidney to his son Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland.	Kidney	May 27, 2009		[65]
Justin Wilson	(1978–2015)	British racing driver.	Various	Circa August 2015	N/A; organs donated upon death	[131]

Artificial organ implants

The intention of this table is only to include successful implants, that is of course difficult to verify with implants that survived their medical records. For these it is enough if there is no indication that the implant was the cause of death.

Procedure	Doctor in charge of implant/device	Name of recipient	Organ/device implanted	Comments	Date of implant	Survival	Reference
Pacemaker (first implant)	Dr. Rune Elmqvist	Arne Larsson	Implantable cardiac pacemaker	First successful permanent implantable pacemaker	1958, Sweden	Patient survived 43 years with device	https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1998/elmqvist/lecture/
Artificial heart (Jarvik-7)	Dr. Robert Jarvik / Dr. William DeVries	Barney Clark	Jarvik-7 total artificial heart	First permanent total artificial heart implant	1982, USA	Survived 112 days post-op	https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198210073071901
Insulin pump	Dr. Arnold Kadish (early models)	Various diabetic patients	Implantable insulin pump	Early implantable device for continuous insulin delivery	Late 1970s onwards	Varies	https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2015/05/15/dc15-0746
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)	Dr. Michel Mirowski	Former pilot	ICD device	First successful ICD implant to prevent sudden cardiac death	1980, USA	Patient survived	https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.CIR.88.2.569
Artificial pancreas (closed-loop insulin delivery)	Various research teams	Various Type 1 diabetes patients	Artificial pancreas system (continuous glucose monitor + insulin pump)	First FDA-approved closed-loop system	2016, USA	Ongoing clinical use	https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-automated-insulin-delivery-device
Left ventricular assist device (LVAD)	Dr. Michael DeBakey (early designs)	Various heart failure patients	LVAD pump	Mechanical circulatory support to bridge heart failure or transplant	First successful use 1966 onwards	Ongoing	https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007310.htm

More neatly formatted and sortable version of the same table

often multiple aritifical organ supports are needed to replace or subtitute a single human organ transplant

Artificial organd and Medical Implants Devices, transplanted and functioning in humans

No.	Procedure	Doctor in charge of implant/device	Name of recipient	Organ/device implanted	Supported / Replaced Organ / Tissue	Comments	Year	Country	Survival	Reference
1	Pacemaker (first implant)	Dr. Rune Elmqvist	Arne Larsson	Implantable cardiac pacemaker	Heart (electrical conduction)	First successful permanent implantable pacemaker	1958	Sweden	Patient survived 43 years with device	Nobel Prize Lecture
2	Artificial heart (Jarvik-7)	Dr. Robert Jarvik / Dr. William DeVries	Barney Clark	Jarvik-7 total artificial heart	Whole heart	First permanent total artificial heart implant	1982	USA	Survived 112 days post-op	NEJM
3	Insulin pump	Dr. Arnold Kadish (early models)	Various diabetic patients	Implantable insulin pump	Pancreas (insulin secretion)	Early implantable device for continuous insulin delivery	1979	Various	Varies	Diabetes Journals
4	Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)	Dr. Michel Mirowski	Former pilot	ICD device	Heart (electrical regulation)	First successful ICD implant to prevent sudden cardiac death	1980	USA	Patient survived	AHA Journals
5	Artificial pancreas (closed-loop insulin delivery)	Various research teams	Various Type 1 diabetes patients	Artificial pancreas system (CGM + insulin pump)	Pancreas (insulin/glucose regulation)	First FDA-approved closed-loop system	2016	USA	Ongoing clinical use	FDA Press Release
6	Left ventricular assist device (LVAD)	Dr. Michael DeBakey (early designs)	Various heart failure patients	LVAD pump	Heart (left ventricle / cardiac output)	Mechanical circulatory support to bridge heart failure or transplant	1966	Various	Ongoing	MedlinePlus
7	Artificial blood transfusion	NHS scientists / Dr. Nick Watkins (Team)	First clinical trial volunteers	Artificial blood (lab-grown red cells)	Blood (oxygen transport)	First use of lab-grown red blood cells in human trial	2022	UK	Ongoing trials	NHS News
8	Dialysis ("artificial kidney")	Dr. Willem J. Kolff	Surviving patient(s) in early series	Rotating‑drum dialysis device / artificial kidney	Kidney (filtration, waste removal)	One of first reliable devices to take over kidney filtration function	1943 (early prototype) / later human use ~1948	Netherlands / USA	One early patient survived ~7 years (see source)	[132]
9	Total hip replacement (modern low-friction)	Sir John Charnley	(early hip patient)	Total hip prosthesis	Hip joint (mobility / support)	Breakthrough low-friction hip replacement design	1962	UK	Many long-term survivors; became standard of care	[133]
10	Exeter hip stem (cemented hip implant)	Prof. Robin Ling (with engineer Clive Lee)	(first Exeter implant)	Exeter hip prosthesis	Hip joint	One of the first taper‑stem cemented hip systems; excellent long-term outcome	1970	UK	~92 % still non‑loosened at 33 years (in cohort)
11	First total artificial heart (bridge)	Dr. Denton Cooley / Liotta	(early patient)	Liotta TAH	Heart (temporary replacement)	Early TAH as a bridge to transplant	1966	USA	Short‑term support
12	Syncardia / pneumatic TAH (commercial)	SynCardia (Jarvik‑7 derivative)	Various end-stage heart failure patients	Syncardia total artificial heart	Whole heart	TAH approved for bridge-to-transplant use	2000s / FDA BTT in 2014	USA	Varies (bridge to transplant)	[134]
13	Carmat (bioprosthetic total artificial heart)	Dr. Alain Carpentier / Carmat team	(first human)	Carmat TAH	Whole heart	Fully implantable, self‑regulating artificial heart	2013 first human implant	France	Support ~8 months, then heart transplant
14	Aeson bioprosthetic total artificial heart	Mark Slaughter, Siddharth Pahwa (team)	Female first patient	Aeson bioprosthetic TAH	Whole heart	Investigational TAH used as bridge to transplant	2021	USA	Ongoing study
15	Cultured skin graft / skin regeneration	Dr. Howard Green (and James Rheinwald lab)	Jamie & Glen Selby, burn patients	Lab‑grown skin graft (keratinocyte sheets)	Skin (epidermis / dermis regeneration)	Skin / epidermis (dermal / epidermal coverage)First therapeutic use of cultured human skin grafts for burn patients; allowed grafting when donor skin was insufficient (using patient's own cells)	~1980s (first human use, small grafts; large scale in 1983 for severely burned children)	USA (Harvard / MIT / Boston)	The Selby boys survived and lived decades after the grafts; the grafting technique proved clinically viable	[135] [136] [137]
16	Artificial cornea (keratoprosthesis)	Ophthalmic surgeons (e.g. Boston KPro program)	Patients with failed corneal grafts	Artificial cornea (optical prosthesis)	Cornea (transparent refractive tissue)	Used when donor cornea grafts have failed; multiple designs (Boston KPro, OOKP, AlphaCor) exist.	1965 onward (FDA approved 1992 for Boston KPro)	USA (and others)	Many patients regain vision; long-term retention depends on complications (e.g. glaucoma, extrusion)	[Keratoprosthesis – Wikipedia] (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratoprosthesis) :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} ; Cochrane review: Chen et al., “Artificial corneas versus donor corneas …” (Cochrane Database) :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}
17	Artificial / bioengineered blood vessels	Tissue engineering groups (e.g. Humacyte, University of Edinburgh)	Patients needing vascular grafts, bypasses, dialysis access	Synthetic / decellularized vascular graft	Blood vessel (artery / vein)	Aim: mimic mechanical and biological properties; some grafts recellularize in vivo :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}	2000s–present	USA, UK, etc.	Implanted grafts persist, remodel over years (e.g. human acellular vessels)	Kirkton et al., *Science Translational Medicine* (bioengineered human acellular vessels) :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3} ; ACS Materials Letters review on artificial human blood vessels :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}
18	Nerve graft / nerve repair (using VERIGRAFT decellularized graft)	VERIGRAFT / researchers testing the graft	Animal models (rats, sheep)	Decellularized nerve graft conduit	Peripheral nerve tissue	Decellularization removes cells, preserves ECM; supports axonal regeneration across gaps.	recent (2020s)	e.g. Spain / collaborating labs	Functional recovery comparable to autograft in sheep in some studies	“Repair of Long Nerve Defects with a New Decellularized Nerve Graft in Rats and in Sheep” (PubMed) :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5} ; review on nerve conduits: Gaudin et al., *BioMed Research International* (2016) :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}
19	Egyptian wooden (prosthetic) toe	Ancient artisans (unknown)	Ancient Egyptian individual	Wooden toe prosthesis	Big toe / foot structure	One of the earliest known external prosthetic limbs (wood, leather)	~1000 BCE (approx)	Egypt	The individual survived with prosthesis (archaeological find)	Wikimedia Commons: “Prosthetic toe” image (commons) (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AProsthetic_toe.jpg)
20	Early dental “implants” (shells, ivory)	Unknown ancient practitioners	Individuals in ancient Egypt & Nubia	Seashell / carved ivory in jaw	Tooth / jaw support	Possibly postmortem or possibly live insertion; primitive form of implantology	~1000 BCE	Egypt / Nubia	Unknown long-term survival	[138] [139] [140]
21	Metal dental pins & crude artificial limbs	Roman-era craftsmen / physicians	Romans / patients needing replacement limbs or teeth	Iron pins in jaw / external limbs of wood, metal	Dental support / limbs	External prostheses common; internal implants rare and primitive	~100 CE	Roman Empire	Mostly external device; few internal implants known; survival uncertain	[140] [141] [142]
22	Nerve graft / nerve repair (using VERIGRAFT decellularized graft)	VERIGRAFT / researchers testing the graft	Animal models (rats, sheep)	Decellularized nerve graft conduit	Peripheral nerve tissue	Decellularization removes cells, preserves ECM; supports axonal regeneration across gaps.	recent (2020s)	e.g. Spain / collaborating labs	Functional recovery comparable to autograft in sheep in some studies	“Repair of Long Nerve Defects with a New Decellularized Nerve Graft in Rats and in Sheep” (PubMed) :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5} ; review on nerve conduits: Gaudin et al., *BioMed Research International* (2016) :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}
23	Egyptian wooden (prosthetic) toe	Ancient artisans (unknown)	Ancient Egyptian individual	Wooden toe prosthesis	Big toe / foot structure	One of the earliest known external prosthetic limbs (wood, leather)	~1000 BCE (approx)	Egypt	The individual survived with prosthesis (archaeological find)	Wikimedia Commons: “Prosthetic toe” image (commons) (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AProsthetic_toe.jpg)
24	Dental implants (osseintegration, titanium)	Per-Ingvar Brånemark et al.	Dental patients needing missing teeth	Titanium screw-type implants with crowns	Tooth / alveolar bone	Introduced concept of osseointegration; widely adopted in modern dentistry	1952–1965 (development) / clinical use from 1960s	Sweden / global	High long-term success (decades)	Review “A Review on Biomaterials in Dental Implantology” (PMC) :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8} ; PubMed review on dental implants :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}
25	Cochlear implant (neural prosthesis)	Multiple researchers / companies (e.g. House Ear Institute)	Deaf / hearing-impaired persons	Electrical cochlear implant (electrode array)	Cochlea / auditory nerve pathway	Converts sound to electrical signals for nerve stimulation	1970s–1980s onward	USA / worldwide	Many recipients gain functional hearing, speech understanding	[143] [144] [145]
26	Orthopedic prostheses & implants	Orthopedic implant surgeons / companies (e.g. joint replacement)	Patients with joint disease or amputees	Joint prosthesis (hip, knee, etc.) / osseointegrated limb attachments	Bone / joint / limb structure	Routine today; osseointegration allows direct skeletal attachment bypassing sockets	20th century to present	Global	High durability (decades) in many cases	[146] [147] [148]
27	Deep brain stimulator (DBS)	Neurosurgeons (e.g. for Parkinson's)	Patients with Parkinson's disease, dystonia, etc.	Electrode leads + pulse generator implanted in brain / skull	Neural circuits in brain (basal ganglia)	Used to modulate neural activity in movement disorders	1980s onward	USA / global	Many patients show significant symptom relief; device may be active for many years	[149] [150] [151]
28	Retinal implant (e.g. Argus II)	Retinal / neuroscience device teams (e.g. Second Sight)	Patients with retinitis pigmentosa, blindness	Microelectronic retinal prosthesis array	Retinal / photoreceptor / inner retina	Restores partial vision (light / pattern perception)	2000s onward	USA / Europe	Some patients gain limited vision, light perception, object recognition	[152] [153]
29	Jaw implant (Maggiolo gold root)	Giuseppe Maggiolo	Dental patients missing tooth	Gold root / implant in jaw	Tooth support / root replacement	Early attempt at endosseous dental implant; had complications of inflammation :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}	1809	France / Europe	Survived for a limited period; not widely adopted at that time	“A Review on Biomaterials in Dental Implantology” (PMC) :contentReference[oaicite:11]{index=11} ; historical implantology reviews :contentReference[oaicite:12]{index=12}

Organisations which collects useful statistics on Organ donation

Continent	Organization Name	Countries Covered	Role / Description	Website
North America	United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)	United States	National organ transplant network, allocation, registry	unos.org
Europe	Eurotransplant	Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Slovenia	Multinational organ allocation and transplant coordination	eurotransplant.org
	Scandiatransplant	Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden	Nordic organ sharing network	https://www.scandiatransplant.org/
	Organización Nacional de Trasplantes (ONT)	Spain	National organ donation and transplant authority; global leader in donation rates	ont.es
Asia	Japan Organ Transplant Network (JOT)	Japan	National organ transplant network	jot.or.jp
	Korea Network for Organ Sharing (KONOS)	South Korea	National organ transplant organization	konos.go.kr
	Indian Network for Organ Sharing (INOS) / National Organ & Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO)	India	National organ sharing and transplant coordination	notto.gov.in
Africa	South African Transplant Society (SATS)	South Africa	National organ transplant coordination	sats.org.za
South America	Brazilian Transplant System (SNT)	Brazil	National transplant coordination system	gov.br/saude

Outside official government or national registry systems

Network Name	Region / Scope	Role / Description	Notes / Example	Website
Alliance for Paired Donation (APD)	North America (USA, Canada)	Independent, nonprofit organization facilitating kidney paired donation chains outside of UNOS	Matches incompatible donor-recipient pairs across US and Canada	apd.org
Global Kidney Exchange (GKE)	International	A nonprofit facilitating cross-border paired kidney exchanges between countries with different economic statuses	Enables living donor kidney exchange across national borders	globalkidneyexchange.org
European Paired Exchange Programs	Europe	Some European countries collaborate in paired kidney exchange outside Eurotransplant framework	Example: UK National Living Donor Kidney Sharing Scheme (independent from Eurotransplant)	nhs.uk

See also

• Allotransplantation
• List of bones of the human skeleton
• List of systems of the human body
• List of skeletal muscles of the human body
• List of organs of the human body
• Artificial organ
• Beating heart cadaver
• Blood transfusion
• Laboratory-grown organ
• Organ donation
• Regenerative medicine
• Transplant rejection
• Xenotransplantation
• Microchimerism
• Mitochondrial replacement therapy Others
  • Grafting
  • Transplantable organs and tissues

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