Anguispira rugoderma

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Anguispira rugoderma
Status TNC G3.svg
Vulnerable  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Stylommatophora
Family: Discidae
Genus: Anguispira
Species:
A. rugoderma
Binomial name
Anguispira rugoderma
Hubricht, 1938

Anguispira rugoderma, also known as the Pine Mountain tigersnail, is a rare, narrow-ranged species of pulmonate land snail in the family Discidae, the disk snails. It is named after the Pine Mounatin ridge, a section of the Appalachian Mountains that overlaps with the snail's range. [1]

Contents

Appearance

The Pine Mountain tigersnail is visually similar to its close relative Anguispira alternata . However, its shell is larger, its markings are less prominent, and its umbilicus is wider than alternata's. [2] [3] The shell ranges from 21 to 30 mm (0.83 to 1.18 in) in width and 12.5 to 16.4 mm (0.49 to 0.65 in) in height. It has strong ribs which extend over the periphery and into the umbilicus, giving the shell a slightly wavy appearance. [4] The snail's appearance is defined by irregular brown splotches that radiate outwards across the entirety of the shell. [3]

Ecology

The Pine Mountain tigersnail is a rare and relatively understudied species, being known from only nineteen occurrences. [1] Seventeen were recorded by the Kentucky Heritage Program in 2022 and two were recorded by Leslie Hubricht in 1968. It has been found in Clay, Harlan, Bell, and Leslie Counties in southeastern Kentucky. [5] Its known range is fairly small, covering only 1,097 km2 (424 sq mi). It is listed as vulnerable globally and imperiled in Kentucky. [1]

The Pine Mountain tigersnail is most commonly found in old growth hardwood forests on or around large decaying logs and limestone outcrops. [4] It has also been found in pure, mature second-growth stands of tulip poplar. [3]

Threats

Like other land snail species, the Pine Mountain tigersnail is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. Currently, crucial habitat is subject to active limestone mining, deforestation, and development. [1] They are also likely to be negatively impacted by the effects of climate change, such as extreme temperatures, flooding, and drought. Though the species' entire range is not protected, many key populations occur within protected areas such as the Daniel Boone National Forest and Pine Mountains Wildlife Corridor, which likely mitigates some of these threats. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Discus</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Discus is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Discidae, the disk snails.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Painted snake-coiled forest snail</span> Species of gastropod

Anguispira picta, common names painted snake-coiled forest snail and painted tigersnail, is a rare species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Discidae, the disc snails. It is a limestone specialist, and is limited to outcrops with suitable mineralogy.

<i>Anguispira</i> Genus of gastropods

Anguispira, the tigersnails, is a genus of small pulmonate land snails in the family Discidae endemic to North America. Snails in this genus are defined by their striped shells. Anguispira species are either habitat generalists like A. alternata or limestone specialists like A. cumberlandiana.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tumbling Creek cavesnail</span> Species of gastropod

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<i>Beddomeia hallae</i> Species of gastropod

Beddomeia hallae, also known as Buttons Rivulet hydrobiid snail, is a species of small freshwater snail that is endemic to Australia. The species is an aquatic operculate gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae. Beddomeia hallae belongs to the genus Beddomeia, which is the largest group in the family Hydrobiidae, consisting of 47 species. In the Threatened Species Protection Act 1995, this species is one of the 37 Beddomeia species listed as endangered, however, on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, the species is listed as vulnerable. Found in Tasmania, in the streams of Buttons Rivulet and Castra Rivulet, Beddomeia hallae is sighted in its natural habitat amongst wood, leaves and under stones. Nonetheless, the Beddomeia species including Beddomeia hallae are geographically isolated, existing within restricted ranges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cahaba pebblesnail</span> Species of gastropod

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<i>Eobania vermiculata</i> Species of gastropod

Eobania vermiculata also known as Helix vermiculata, common name the "chocolate-band snail" is a species of large, air-breathing, land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the true snails or typical snails.

<i>Anguispira alternata</i> Species of gastropod

Anguispira alternata, common name the flamed disc or flamed tigersnail, is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Discidae, the disk snails. Flamed discs are medium-sized snails, with shells ranging from 17 to 25 millimeters in diameter. They are found around logs, hollow trees, and rocks in wooded areas throughout eastern North America, ranging from New Brunswick, Canada, south to northern Florida, and west to northeastern Texas, Kansas and western Minnesota. Flamed disks are herbivores that feed on decaying plant material, fungi, and algae.

<i>Patera clarki nantahala</i> Subspecies of gastropod

Patera clarki nantahala, the noonday globe, is a subspecies of Patera clarki, a land snail in the family Polygyridae. It is endemic to North Carolina in the United States.

<i>Anguispira cumberlandiana</i> Species of gastropod

Anguispira cumberlandiana, the Cumberland tigersnail or the Cumberland disc, is a range-restricted species of land snail; a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Discidae. They possess a lens shaped shell with convex whorls and a pinched, serrated keel. The shell is typically pale olive or tan in color, with radiating chestnut stripes and oblique radial streaks. This species is found in a few counties in Alabama and Tennessee along the Cumberland Plateau in the United States.

<i>Anguispira kochi</i> Species of gastropod

Anguispira kochi, the banded tigersnail, is a species of pulmonate terrestrial gastropod belonging to the family Discidae, the disk snails. There are two recognized subspecies: Anguispira kochi kochi or the eastern banded tigersnail, and Anguispira kochi occidentalis, the western banded tigersnail.

Anguispira alabama, also known as the Alabama tigersnail or Alabama disc, is a rare, range-restricted species of pulmonate land snail found in Alabama and Tennessee. Due to its rarity and the difficulty of locating new populations, the species is listed as vulnerable in both states.

Anguispira stihleri, also known as the Greenbrier tigersnail, is a rare, range-restricted species of pulmonate land snail endemic to Greenbrier County, West Virginia. It was first discovered in 1993 by biologist Craig Stilher, for whom it is named.

Anguispira jessica, also known as the mountain tigersnail or mountain disc, is a species of pulmonate land snail– a gastropod mollusk in the family Discidae, the disk snails. The species is named after G.M. Kutchka's wife Jessica; he was the first to describe the species in 1938. It was originally considered a subspecies of Angusipira alternata, but has since been elevated to species status.

<i>Anguispira fergusoni</i> Species of land snail

Anguispira fergusoni, also known as the coastal plain tigersnail or coastal plain disk, is a species of pulmonate land snail in the family Discidae, the disk snails. It is found in multiple states along the east coast of the United States.

Anguispira nimapuna, also known as the nimapuna or nimapu tigersnail, is a rare, range-restricted species of pulmonate land snail endemic to north-central Idaho. The species is listed as critically endangered in the United States.

Anguispira knoxensis, also known as the rustic tigersnail or rustic disk, is a rare species of pulmonate land snail in the family Discidae, the disk snails. It is endemic to the Great Smoky Mountains in southeastern Tennessee. It was originally considered a subspecies of Anguispira alternata.

Anguispira macneilli, also known as the Tombigbee tigersnail, is a species of pulmonate land snail in the family Discidae, the disk snails. It was formerly treated as a subspecies of Anguispira alternata.

<i>Anguispira mordax</i> Species of land snail

Anguispira mordax, also known as the Appalachian tigersnail, is a species of pulmonate land snail in the family Discidae endemic to the southeastern United States. It is named after the Appalachian mountain range.

<i>Anguispira strongylodes</i> Species of land snail

Anguispira strongylodes, also known as the southeastern tigersnail, is a species of pulmonate land snail in the family Discidae, the disk snails.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Anguispira rugoderma". Natureserve Explorer.
  2. Pilsbry, Henry A. (1948). Land Mollusca of North America (North of Mexico). Vol. 2, Part 2. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
  3. 1 2 3 "Anguispira rugoderma". Carnegie Museum of Natural History.
  4. 1 2 Hubricht, L. (1938). A new Anguispira from Kentucky. The Nautilus. 51(4): 131.
  5. Dourson, D.C. 2010. Kentucky's land snails and their ecological communities. Goatslug Publications, Bakersville, NC. 298 pp.