Anolis marmoratus

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Leopard anole
Anolis marmoratus.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Iguania
Family: Dactyloidae
Genus: Anolis
Species:
A. marmoratus
Binomial name
Anolis marmoratus
Duméril & Bibron, 1837
Subspecies
  • A. m. marmoratus Duméril & Bibron, 1837
  • A. m. alliaceus Cope, 1864
  • A. m. caryae Lazell, 1964
  • A. m. girafus Lazell, 1964
  • A. m. inornatus Lazell, 1964
  • A. m. setosus Lazell, 1964
  • A. m. speciosus Garman, 1887
Synonyms
  • Anolis alliaceus Cope, 1864
  • Anolis speciosus Garman, 1888
  • Ctenonotus marmoratus — Schwartz & Henderson, 1988

Anolis marmoratus, commonly known as the leopard anole, Guadeloupe anole, or Guadeloupean anole, is a species of anole that is endemic to the islands of Guadeloupe, in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles.

Contents

Five former subspecies have been elevated to species status: A. ferreus , A. terraealtae , A.kahouannensis , A.chrysops , and A.desiradei .

Of the currently accepted leopard anole subspecies, five live on the island of Basse-Terre and two on the island of Grande-Terre. [2] The validity of these subspecies has been questioned as there is extensive intergradation between them and the species shows extreme variability in its appearance; both between regions and individually in the same region. This has possibly been enhanced by habitats changes by humans (allowing populations to easier come into contact with each other) and translocations of individuals. Most leopard anoles do not clearly match the typically recognized subspecies. [3] [4] [5] Genetic studies confirm that strong assortative mating between the different populations does not exist, despite their distinct differences in appearance and them having separated about 650,000 years ago (confidence interval starting at 351,000 years). [6]

List of current subspecies

The following is a table showing the description and geographical distribution of all the currently accepted subspecies of Anolis marmoratus. [2] [3]

namedescriptiondistribution
Anolis marmoratus marmoratus Anolis marmoratus (Leopard anole), Burgers zoo, Arnhem, the Netherlands.jpg
Anolis marmoratus marmoratus
Adult males are green shading to blue on the tail and yellow-green on the limbs. The head is deep blue-green, the neck and the orbital area are marbled with orange, the dewlap is orange-yellow with yellow scalesCapesterre in the southeast of Basse-Terre.
Anolis marmoratus giraffus Anolis marmoratus giraffus 2.jpg
Anolis marmoratus giraffus
Head and neck are grey brown with green-blue trunk and tail,black barring and yellow reticulations on head and neck .Dewlap is yellow with white scalesWest coast of Basse-Terre.
Anolis marmoratus setosus Anolis marmoratus setosus.jpg
Anolis marmoratus setosus
Head an neck grey brown and thorax is brown,the trunk is green fading to blue and then greyish brown on the tail.The dewlap is yellow with greenish scales.Row of conical neck scales.North-west coast of Basse-Terre.
Anolis marmoratus speciosus Anolis marmoratus.jpg
Anolis marmoratus speciosus
Trunk and abdomen bright green fading to bluish green on the tail,orbital area is sky blue,head and neck area may be heavily blotched with electric blue.Dewlap is yellow with green-grey scalesSouthern area of Grande-Terre as well as south-east region of Basse-Terre.
Anolis marmoratus inornatus Anolis marmoratus inornatus.jpg
Anolis marmoratus inornatus
Trunk and abdomen are green with blue tail,head neck and orbital area are brown.Dewlap is yellow with whitish scales. (photo shown is an A.marmoratus inornatus x speciosus hybrid)Northern area of GrandeTerre.
Anolis marmoratus alliaceus (male breeding with female of A. m inornatus) A marmoratus hybridisation.jpg
Anolis marmoratus alliaceus (male breeding with female of A. m inornatus)
Superficially similar to A. marmoratus giraffus,Head is bright olive green fading to electric green on the neck and body,the tail is electric blue.A number of black spots dot the head and abdomen,spots may be surrounded by yellow rings.The dewlap is yellow-orange with yellow green scales.Rainforests in the interior of Basse-Terre,confirmed up to 743 metres above sea level on Morne à Louis.

Related Research Articles

Guadeloupe Group of islands in the Caribbean, part of the France overseas regions

Guadeloupe is an archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands—Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and the two inhabited Îles des Saintes—as well as many uninhabited islands and outcroppings. It is south of Antigua and Barbuda and Montserrat, and north of Dominica. The region's capital city is Basse-Terre, located on the southern west coast of Basse-Terre Island; however, the most populous city is Les Abymes and the main center of business is neighbouring Pointe-à-Pitre, both located on Grande-Terre Island.

Dactyloidae Family of reptiles

Dactyloidae are a family of lizards commonly known as anoles and native to warmer parts of the Americas, ranging from southeastern United States to Paraguay. Instead of treating it as a family, some authorities prefer to treat it as a subfamily, Dactyloidae, of the family Iguanidae. In the past they were included in the family Polychrotidae together with Polychrus, but the latter genus is not closely related to the true anoles.

<i>Anolis</i> Genus of lizards

Anolis is a genus of anoles, iguanian lizards in the family Dactyloidae, native to the Americas. With more than 425 species, it represents the world's most species-rich amniote tetrapod genus, although it has been proposed that many of these should be moved to other genera, in which case only about 45 Anolis species remain. Previously, it was classified under the family Polychrotidae that contained all the anoles as well as Polychrus, but recent studies place it under Dactyloidae.

Capesterre-Belle-Eau Commune in Guadeloupe, France

Capesterre-Belle-Eau is a commune in the French overseas region and department of Guadeloupe, in the Lesser Antilles. It is located in the south-east of Basse-Terre Island. Capesterre-Belle-Eau covers an area of 103.3 km². The 1999 population was 19,568. The population density is 189 persons per km2. The inhabitants are called Capesterriens.

Pointe-à-Pitre Subprefecture, commune, and the center of the largest metropolitan area in Guadeloupe

Pointe-à-Pitre is the largest city of Guadeloupe, an overseas region and department of France located in the Lesser Antilles, of which it is a sous-préfecture, being the seat of the Arrondissement of Pointe-à-Pitre.

Grande-Terre

Grande-Terre Island is the name of the eastern-half of Guadeloupe proper, in the Lesser Antilles. It is separated from the other half of Guadeloupe island, Basse-Terre, by a narrow sea channel called Rivière Salée. Pointe de la Grande Vigie, in Grande-Terre, is the northernmost point of Guadeloupe island. To the east lies La Désirade, to the south lies Marie Galante

Marie-Galante

Marie-Galante is one of the islands that form Guadeloupe, an overseas department of France. Marie-Galante has a land area of 158.1 km2. It had 11,528 inhabitants at the start of 2013, but by the start of 2018 the total was officially estimated to be 10,655, with a population density of 62.5/km2 (162/sq mi).

Îles des Saintes Group of small islands in Basse-Terre, Trois-Rivières, Guadeloupe, overseas France

The Îles des Saintes, also known as Les Saintes is a group of small islands in the archipelago of Guadeloupe, an overseas department of France. It is part of the Canton of Trois-Rivières and is divided into two communes: Terre-de-Haut and Terre-de-Bas. It is in the arrondissement of Basse-Terre and also in Guadeloupe's 4th constituency.

<i>Anolis pulchellus</i> Species of reptile

Anolis pulchellus, the Puerto Rican bush anole, snake anole, or Puerto Rican anole, is a small anole lizard of the family Dactyloidae. The species is among the most common lizards in Puerto Rico, and also native to Vieques, Culebra, and the Virgin Islands.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Basse-Terre

The Roman CatholicDiocese of Basse-Terre and Pointe-à-Pitre, more simply known as the Diocese of Basse-Terre, is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in the Caribbean.

Guadeloupe raccoon Subspecies of carnivore

The Guadeloupe raccoon is a common raccoon subspecies endemic to the two main islands of Guadeloupe in the Lesser Antilles.

Antillean crested hummingbird Species of bird

The Antillean crested hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. Found across Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, north-east Puerto Rico, Saba, Saint-Barthélemy, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sint Eustatius, the British Virgin Islands, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Lesser Antilles, while it has also been recorded as a vagrant in Florida, USA.

Index of Guadeloupe-related articles Wikipedia list article

Articles related to the French overseas department of Guadeloupe include:

<i>Anolis oculatus</i> Species of reptile

Anolis oculatus, the Dominica anole, Dominican anole or eyed anole, is a species of anole lizard. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Dominica, where it is found in most environments. The species is found in a diverse range of color forms, which one herpetologist once classified as four subspecies, which most other scientists did not recognise because the forms gradually inter-grade with one another. Two later researchers have instead promoted the "ecotypes" concept, hypothesizing the color forms are maintained by the ecological conditions of the surrounding environment, despite being genetically indistinguishable. The morphology of some traits is subject to clinal variation, gradually changing from one side of the island to the other, or from sea level to the hilltops. The ground color ranges from pale tan or yellow to deep green or brown. It also has patterned markings that range from light-colored speckling to complex marbled patterns, and some populations also have large black-ringed "eye" spots on their flanks.

<i>Anolis sabanus</i> Species of lizard

Anolis sabanus, the Saba anole or Saban anole, is a species of anole lizard that is endemic to the island of Saba, a Dutch municipality in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles.

<i>Anolis wattsii</i> Species of lizard

Anolis wattsii, commonly known as Watts's anole, is a species of anole, a lizard in the family Dactyloidae. The species is native to islands in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles.

Anolis ferreus, the Morne Constant anole, also known as the Marie-Gallant anole, is a species of anole lizard that is endemic to the island of Marie-Galante, which is part of Guadeloupe in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles. It has been recorded as an escapee in Fort Myers, Florida, but does not appear to have become established.

<i>Anolis terraealtae</i> Species of lizard

Anolis terraealtae, the Les Saines anole or Les Saintes anole, is a species of anole lizard endemic to the Îles des Saintes, islands in Guadeloupe in the Caribbean.

The Guadeloupe blind snake or Guadeloupe worm snake is a species of blind snake that is endemic to Guadeloupe, located in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles. It is fairly widespread on the main islands of Basse-Terre and Grande-Terre, but is not recorded on the other Guadeloupean islands.

Grand-Îlet

Grand-Îlet is an island in the Îles des Saintes archipelago, in the Lesser Antilles. It belongs to the commune (municipality) of Terre-de-Haut into the French department of Guadeloupe.

References

  1. Dewynter, M., Powell, R., Daltry, J.C. & Mahler, D.L. (2020). "Anolis marmoratus ". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T74995938A75171721. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/74995938/75171721. Downloaded on 29 March 2021.
  2. 1 2 Julienne Ng (May 14, 2013). "Divergence and Speciation in the Lesser Antilles". Anole Annals.org. WordPress. Retrieved 2 June 2013.
  3. 1 2 Legreneur, P. (7 April 2012). The Anoles Of Guadeloupe. Anole Annals. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  4. Legreneur, P. (11 September 2013). United Colors Of Guadeloupe Anoles. Anole Annals. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
  5. Legreneur, P. (October 2013), Répartition des anoles de la Guadeloupe I. Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, ilets Pigeon et ilets à Kahouanne, doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.34621.46569
  6. Muñoz; Crawford; McGreevy; Messana; Tarvin; Revell; Zandvliet; Hopwood; Mock; Schneider; Schneider (2013). "Divergence in coloration and ecological speciation in the Anolis marmoratus species complex". Mol. Ecol. 22 (10): 2668–2682. doi:10.1111/mec.12295. PMID   23611648. S2CID   16832446.