Antifascist Committee of Ukraine (AFKU) Антифашистский комитет Украины (АФКУ) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Leader | Heorhiy Buiko |
| Founded | 2006 |
| Headquarters | Kyiv |
| Ideology | Anti-Maidan Soviet patriotism Left-wing nationalism Russian nationalism |
The Antifascist Committee of Ukraine is an self-proclaimed anti-fascist organization, closely linked to the banned Communist Party of Ukraine.
The organization was established in 2006. [1] It was formed by the former People's Deputy of Ukraine Heorhiy Buiko, who is a secretary [2] of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine.
In 2011, they protested in Kyiv against nationalism, alongside the Ukrainian Communist Party and Russian Bloc Party. [3]
On March 3, 2014 the organization supported the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation from Ukraine. [4]
On April 18, 2014 the organization accused the acting Government of Ukraine in driving the nation to war, economy down, cutting on salaries and pensions, de facto destruction of education, healthcare, culture and armed forces. [5]
In February 2018, two members of the Committee and of the Communist Party were attacked by Right Sector activists. [6]
In March 2022, the Morning Star reported that two activists in the Committee, Mikhail Kononovich (leader of the Leninist Communist Youth Union of Ukraine, and his brother, Aleksander Kononovich, who had previously been attacked by National Corps/C14 activists, were arrested by the Ukrainian security service, the SBU on charges of “pro-Russian views and pro-Belarusian views"; the Greek Communist Party raised their case in the European Parliament. [7]
As of 2015, it was a member of the Left Opposition. [8]
Its deputy head is Oleksandr Kalyniuk, also the secretary of the Lviv regional committee Communist Party of Ukraine. [9]
The Communist Party of Ukraine is a banned political party in Ukraine. It was founded in 1993 and claimed to be the successor to the Soviet-era Communist Party of Ukraine, which had been banned in 1991. In 2002 it held a "unification" congress when both "old and new" parties merged. The party is a member of the Moscow-based Union of Communist Parties, an umbrella organisation for all communist parties of the former Soviet Union. The party has been led by Petro Symonenko since it was founded.
Petro Mykolayovych Symonenko is a Ukrainian politician and the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. Symonenko was the party's candidate in the 1999 and 2004, 2010, and until his withdrawal, the 2014 Ukrainian presidential elections. The Central Election Commission of Ukraine prohibited his candidacy for the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election due to the fact that the statute, name, and symbolism of his party did not comply with the decommunization laws in Ukraine.
Fascist has been used as a pejorative epithet against a wide range of people, political movements, governments, and institutions since the emergence of fascism in Europe in the 1920s. Political commentators on both the Left and the Right accused their opponents of being fascists, starting in the years before World War II. In 1928, the Communist International labeled their social democratic opponents as social fascists, while the social democrats themselves as well as some parties on the political right accused the Communists of having become fascist under Joseph Stalin's leadership. In light of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, The New York Times declared on 18 September 1939 that "Hitlerism is brown communism, Stalinism is red fascism." Later, in 1944, the anti-fascist and socialist writer George Orwell commented on Tribune that fascism had been rendered almost meaningless by its common use as an insult against various people, and argued that in England the word fascist had become a synonym for bully.
The Party of Regions is a banned pro-Russian political party in Ukraine formed in late 1997 that became the largest party in Ukraine between 2006 and 2014.
The All-Ukrainian Union "Freedom", commonly known as Svoboda, is an ultranationalist political party in Ukraine. It has been led by Oleh Tyahnybok since 2004.
Ilya Vladimirovich Ponomarev is a Russian-Ukrainian politician who was a member of the Russian State Duma from 2007 to 2016.
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the 7th convocation was a convocation of the legislative branch of the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's unicameral parliament. Its composition was based on the results of the 2012 parliamentary election. Half of the seats in the parliament were apportioned between the five winning parties based on the popular vote, while the other half was apportioned between 4 parties and 44 independents between 225 constituencies throughout the country. It first met in the capital Kyiv on December 12, 2012, and ended its session on November 27, 2014, after the 8th Verkhovna Rada began its first session.
"Rise up, Ukraine!" was a nationwide series of political protests by opposition parties All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland", UDAR and All-Ukrainian Union "Svoboda" against the government of the former Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych that commenced on 14 March 2013. It was intended as a two-month campaign to end on 18 May 2013 in Kyiv. But the provisional final date was initially from May 2013 postponed to 24 August 2013, Independence Day of Ukraine. In June 2013 the organisers claimed that no final end of the protest had been set.
Tetiana Mykolaivna Chornovol is a Ukrainian journalist and civic activist, and one of the leaders in the Euromaidan protest campaign. She is known for investigative reports about corruption in Ukraine, as well as for her direct actions. In 2014, she was elected to the Verkhovna Rada.
Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals. Beginning in European countries in the 1920s, it was at its most significant shortly before and during World War II, where the Axis powers were opposed by many countries forming the Allies of World War II and dozens of resistance movements worldwide. Anti-fascism has been an element of movements across the political spectrum and holding many different political positions such as anarchism, communism, pacifism, republicanism, social democracy, socialism and syndicalism as well as centrist, conservative, liberal and nationalist viewpoints.
Right Sector is a loosely defined coalition of right-wing to far-right Ukrainian nationalist organizations. It originated in November 2013 as a right-wing, paramilitary confederation of several ultranationalist organizations at the Euromaidan revolt in Kyiv, where its street fighters participated in clashes with riot police. The coalition became a political party on 22 March 2014, at which time it claimed to have roughly 10,000 members. Founding groups included the Trident (Tryzub), led by Dmytro Yarosh and Andriy Tarasenko, and the Ukrainian National Assembly–Ukrainian National Self-Defense (UNA–UNSO), a political and paramilitary organization. Other founding groups included the Social-National Assembly, and its Patriot of Ukraine paramilitary wing, White Hammer, and the Sich Battalion. White Hammer was expelled in March 2014, and Patriot of Ukraine left the organization, along with many UNA–UNSO members, in the following months.
The Association "Struggle" is a Stalinist organization operating in Odesa, Kharkiv, Kyiv, and Dnipro in Ukraine.
Encarnación Fuyola Miret was a Spanish teacher and Communist activist who played a significant role as a propagandist in the period leading up to and during the Spanish Civil War. Later she went into exile in Mexico.
Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Kolchenko is a Ukrainian left-wing and trade union activist, antifascist, anarchist, ecologist, and archaeologist, who was convicted of terrorism by the Russian administration of Crimea in 2014.
Post–World War II anti-fascism, including antifa groups, anti-fascist movements and anti-fascist action networks, saw the development of political movements describing themselves as anti-fascist and in opposition to fascism. Those movements have been active in several countries in the aftermath of World War II during the second half of the 20th and early 21st century.
The Maximalist Italian Socialist Party or PSIm, was the residual part of the Italian Socialist Party in exile following the split that occurred during the first phases of the Socialist Convention of Grenoble, held on 16 March 1930, by Pietro Nenni and the fusionist fraction.
Ruscism, or Russian fascism, is a neologism and a derogatory term which is used by a number of scholars, politicians and publicists to describe the political ideology and policies of the Russian state under Vladimir Putin. It is used in reference to the Russian state's autocratic political system, ultranationalism and neo-imperialism, militarism, expansionism, corporatism, close alignment of church and state, political repression, use of censorship and state propaganda, and a cult of personality around Putin.
The Left Opposition was a Pro-Russian coalition of socio-political organizations and parties in Ukraine established in June 2015.
The Organization of Marxists was a radical left-wing political association in Ukraine.
The Resistance Committee, also known as the Black Headquarters or Anti-Authoritarian Platoon, is a Ukrainian detachment made up of anarchist, anti-authoritarian and anti-fascist volunteers. It was formed to fight against the Russian invasion of Ukraine as part of the Territorial Defense Forces (TDF).
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
