Apodolirion

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Apodolirion
Apodolirion buchananii 58060038.jpg
Apodolirion buchanii
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Genus: Apodolirion
Baker [1]
Type species
Apodolirion buchananii (Baker) Baker [2]
Species

See here

South Africa in the world (W3).svg
It is endemic to Southern Africa [3]

Apodolirion is a genus of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous plants in the Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae [4] ). It consists of 6 species native to Southern Africa. [3]

Contents

Description

Illustration of Apodolirion buchanii Apodolirion buchanii.jpg
Illustration of Apodolirion buchanii

Vegetative characteristics

Apodolirion are bulbous plants [5] with tunicate bulbs. [1]

Generative characteristics

The fragrant, [6] [7] ephemeral, tubular, [6] delicate, solitary, sessile flower has a perianth of six tepals. [1] The androecium consists of 6 stamens. [8] The gynoecium consists of 3 carpels. [1] The stigma is tri-lobed. The long, cylindrical, fragrant fruit bears many small, hard seeds. [8]

Cytology

The basic chromosome number is x = 6. [9]

Taxonomy

It was published by John Gilbert Baker in 1878. [1] The lectotype species Apodolirion buchananii(Baker) Baker was designated in 1951. [2] It is placed in the tribe Haemantheae. [8] [10] Apodolirion and Gethyllis may represent a single genus. [9]

Etymology

The generic name Apodolirion means "stemless flower". [11]

Species

It has six species: [3]

Ecology

Habitat

It occurs in the summer rainfall regions of South Africa. [8]

Pollination

The flowers are pollinated by bees. [7]

Seed dispersal

The seeds are dispersed by ants. [7]

Conservation

Apodolirion amyanum is classified as Endangered (EN) according to the Red List of South African plants. [11]

Uses

A. buchananii (known as "Natal Crocus") is cultivated as an ornamental plant. It is a small plant with solitary flowers, that bloom in spring.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Baker, JG (1878). "On two new genera of Amaryllidaceae from Cape Colony". Journal of Botany, British and Foreign . 16: 74–77.
  2. 1 2 Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-b). Apodolirion Baker. Tropicos. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/40017815
  3. 1 2 3 Apodolirion Baker. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1342-1
  4. ↑ Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Amaryllidoideae
  5. ↑ Apodolirion. (n.d.). Pacific Bulb Society. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from https://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/index.php/apodolirion
  6. 1 2 Iziko Museums of South Africa. (n.d.). Apodolirion. Biodiversity Explorer. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from https://www.biodiversityexplorer.info/plants/amaryllidaceae/apodolirion.htm
  7. 1 2 3 Kiepiel, I., & Johnson, S. D. (2024). Scent‐mediated bee pollination and myrmecochory in an enigmatic geophyte with pyrogenic flowering and subterranean development of fleshy fruits. American Journal of Botany, 111(11), e16421.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Meerow, A. W., & Clayton, J. R. (2004). Generic relationships among the baccate-fruited Amaryllidaceae (tribe Haemantheae) inferred from plastid and nuclear non-coding DNA sequences. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 244(3/4), 141–155. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23645270
  9. 1 2 Conrad, F. E. R. O. Z. A. H., Reeves, G. A. I. L., Snijman, D. A., & Hedderson, T. A. (2006). Genetic relationships within the tribe Haemantheae (Amaryllidaceae) based on plastd DNA sequence data. Taxonomy and ecology of African plants, their conservation and sustainable use, 73-83.
  10. ↑ USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus?id=857. Accessed 11 February 2025.
  11. 1 2 South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). (n.d.-a). Apodolirion amyanum. PlantZAfrica. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from https://pza.sanbi.org/apodolirion-amyanum
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