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Foraminifera are single-celled organisms, members of a phylum or class of Rhizarian protists characterized by streaming granular ectoplasm for catching food and other uses; and commonly an external shell of diverse forms and materials. Tests of chitin are believed to be the most primitive type. Most foraminifera are marine, the majority of which live on or within the seafloor sediment, while a smaller number float in the water column at various depths, which belong to the suborder Globigerinina. Fewer are known from freshwater or brackish conditions, and some very few (nonaquatic) soil species have been identified through molecular analysis of small subunit ribosomal DNA.
Xeronema is a genus of flowering plants containing two species, Xeronema moorei from New Caledonia, and Xeronema callistemon from the Poor Knights Islands and Taranga Island in New Zealand. The plants are herbaceous monocots, spreading by rhizomes, and have large flowers set on terminal spikes, with stamens towering above the flowers.
The New Zealand raven was native to the North Island and South Island of New Zealand but has been extinct since the 16th century. There were two subspecies: the North Island raven and the South Island raven. Another closely related species, the Chatham raven, occurred on the Chatham Islands.
The Chatham raven is a prehistoric raven formerly native to the Chatham Islands. The closely related New Zealand raven, C. antipodum occurred in the North and South Islands of New Zealand. C. antipodum was formerly included in C. moriorum, and later considered a distinct species, however in 2017 genetic research determined that the two raven populations were subspecies rather than separate species, having only split 130,000 years ago.
Argyrophenga is a genus of butterflies that are endemic to New Zealand. It comprises three species that are found in the Southern Alps of the South Island of New Zealand.
The New Zealand blueback sprat is a herring-like, forage fish of the family Clupeidae found in the waters around New Zealand, between latitudes 37° S and 48° S, and longitude 166° E and 180° E, to depths of up to 50 m. It belongs to the genus Sprattus, a small oily fish usually known by their common name, sprats. Its length is up to 12 cm.
Frederick Chapman was the inaugural Australian Commonwealth Palaeontologist.
Assiminea is a genus of minute, salt-tolerant snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks, or micromollusks, in the family Assimineidae.
Austrolittorina antipodum, known as the banded periwinkle, is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod in the winkles and periwinkles family, Littorinidae. It occurs in New Zealand.
Neolepton is a genus of marine bivalve molluscs of the family Neoleptonidae.
The Open Bay Islands are located in South Westland, off the south-west coast of the South Island of New Zealand. They consist of two main islands, Taumaka and Popotai, plus several smaller islets and rocks. They lie approximately 5 km (3.1 mi) offshore from the Okuru River mouth, near Haast, and are owned by the West Coast branch Māori iwi Ngāi Tahu known as Poutini Ngāi Tahu.
Harmonia antipodum, known as the antipodean ladybird, is a species of ladybird beetle indigenous to New Zealand, though sometimes mistaken for a related non-native species, Harmonia conformis. They are a brown colour, and about 3 mm long, while H. conformis is much larger and more conspicuously coloured.
Laevilitorina antipodum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.
Hirudobdella antipodum is a terrestrial leech found only on the Open Bay Islands in New Zealand. It preys on the feet of nesting seabirds. Its numbers have been reduced significantly by introduced weka, and the entire remnant population of the leech is now living beneath a single boulder.
Clavulina geoglossoides is a species of coral fungus in the family Clavulinaceae. It occurs in New Zealand.
Argyrophenga antipodum, the common tussock or tussock ringlet, is a species of butterfly commonly found in the South Island of New Zealand.
Clavulina is a genus of aggulinated benthic foraminiferans with an elongate test. The early stage is triserial and triangular in section, the later stage uniserial and rectilinear, with angular to rounded section. In some species agglutinated walls have considerable calcareous cement. Septa are secondarily doubled as a result of imperforate floors, which are added as new chambers are formed. Walls contain fine bifurcating canaliculi within, openings of which are sealed internally by an inner organic lining, and externally by the imperforate surface layer of the wall. The aperture is interiomarginal in the early triserial stage, terminal and rounded in the adult.
Cantharidus antipodum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.
Cyclammina is a genus of foraminifers in the family Cyclamminidae. Most species are extinct, but there are a few that are extant.
Bruce William Hayward is a New Zealand geologist, marine ecologist, and author. He is known as a leading expert on living and fossil foraminifera.
References
- ↑ New Zealand foraminifera: key species in stratigraphy. No. 2. HJ Finlay - Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 1939
- ↑ Hornibrook de B., N. (1961). Tertiary Foraminifera from Oamaru District (N.Z). Part 1- Systematics and Distribution. New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin. 34: 1-194
