Athrips zophochalca

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Athrips zophochalca
Fig 2 MA I437899 TePapa Plate-XXXVIII-The-butterflies full (cropped).jpg
Illustration of male
Fig 23 MA I437923 TePapa Plate-LXII-A-supplement full (cropped).jpg
Illustration of female
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Gelechiidae
Genus: Athrips
Species:
A. zophochalca
Binomial name
Athrips zophochalca
(Meyrick, 1918) [1]
Synonyms [2]
  • Epithectis zophochalcaMeyrick, 1918
  • Epithectis transversellaHudson, 1939
  • Athrips transversella(Hudson, 1939)

Athrips zophochalca is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. [1] It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1918 and is endemic to New Zealand. A. zophochalca has been observed in both the North and South Islands as well as at the Poor Knights. The species inhabits scrubby native forest, saline wetlands and braided river habitat. Larvae bore into the terminal shoots of Carmichaelia species. Adults are on the wing from November until March and are sexually dimorphic with the male lacking the white band on the forewings.

Contents

Taxonomy

A. zophochalca was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1918 using a specimen collected by George Hudson in Auckland and named Epithectis zophochalca. [3] [2] In 1939 Hudson, thinking he was describing a new species, named it Epithectis transversella. [4] In 1978 Klaus Sattler placed A. zophochalca into the genus Athrips. [5] J. S. Dugdale synonymised that A. transversella into A. zophochalca in 1988. [2] However the placement of this species within the genus Athrips is in doubt. As a result, this species is sometimes referred to as Athrips (s.l.) zophochalca. [6] The male holotype is held at the Natural History Museum, London. [2]

Description

Meyrick described the species as follows:

♂. 9 mm. Head shining bronzy - metallic. Palpi whitish-bronzy, second joint hardly rough beneath, anterior edge of terminal joint dark fuscous. Thorax purplish-bronzy-fuscous. Abdomen dark fuscous. Forewings lanceolate ; glossy rather dark bronzy-fuscous ; stigmata blackish, plical obliquely before first discal ; small cloudy whitish spots on costa before 3⁄4 and on tornus slightly anterior to this, on one wing connected by a faint straight whitish shade : cilia fuscous, round apex with a dark-fuscous antemedian line. Hindwings with apex considerably produced ; dark fuscous ; a fine longitudinal hyaline line in disc : cilia fuscous. [3]

Hudson described the female of the species under the name Epithectis transversella as follows:

The expansion of the wings is nearly 3⁄8 inch (9 mm.). The fore-wings are rather elongate, with the apex and tornus rounded; black, sparsely sprinkled with dull bronzy-grey scales; a very conspicuous, rather narrow, oblique, snow-white band from 2⁄3 costa to before tornus; cilia grey. Hind-wings with apex extremely pointed and termen suddenly bowed, dark blackish grey; cilia dark grey. Head, thorax and abdomen black. [4]

The adult specimens of this species are sexually dimorphic with the female having a white band of the forewings that the male lacks. [2]

Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand. [1] [7] Other than the type locality of Auckland this species has also been observed at the Poor Knights Islands as well as in the Tasman, Canterbury and Otago regions. [8] [9] [10] [11]

Habitat and hosts

Likely larval host Carmichaelia australis. Carmichaelia australis 319573112.jpg
Likely larval host Carmichaelia australis.

This species inhabits scrubby native forest, saline wetlands and braided river habitat. [12] [11] [13] [9] Larvae of this species bore into the terminal shoots of Carmichaelia species including Carmichaelia appressa . [2] [14] Adults of this species have been observed flying over Carmichaelia australis . [15]

Behaviour

Adults of this species have been observed on the wing from November until March. [4]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Vol. 2 Kingdom Animalia: Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, Ichnofossils. Christchurch, N.Z.: Canterbury University Press. p. 457. ISBN   9781877257933. OCLC   973607714.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 John Stewart Dugdale (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. 14: 80. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN   0111-5383. Wikidata   Q45083134.
  3. 1 2 Edward Meyrick (15 July 1918). "Descriptions of New Zealand Lepidoptera". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 50: 133. ISSN   1176-6158. Wikidata   Q113331787.
  4. 1 2 3 George Vernon Hudson (1939), A supplement to the butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington: Ferguson and Osborn Limited, p. 438, OCLC   9742724, Wikidata   Q109420935
  5. ↑ K. Sattler (1978). "The Identity of the Genus Athrips Billberg, 1820. (Lep., Gelechiidae)". Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift . 25 (1–3): 57–61. doi:10.1002/MMND.19780250103. ISSN   1435-1951. Wikidata   Q114741734.
  6. ↑ "Athrips zophochalca (Meyrick, 1918)". www.nzor.org.nz. Retrieved 2024-01-01.
  7. ↑ "Athrips zophochalca (Meyrick, 1918)". biotanz.landcareresearch.co.nz. 19 February 2015. Retrieved 2024-01-01.
  8. ↑ J. Charles Watt (September 1982). "Terrestrial arthropods from the Poor Knights Islands, New Zealand". Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 12 (3): 283–320. doi:10.1080/03036758.1982.10415350. ISSN   0303-6758. Wikidata   Q54574800.
  9. 1 2 Murray, Tara J. (15 September 2019). "Invertebrates of the Tasman River Plain: Characteristics of the invertebrate community and an analysis of sampling methods for biodiversity assessment" (PDF). www.doc.govt.nz. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  10. ↑ Mark Davis, Marieke Lettink, Brian Patrick (January 2014). "SUMNER ROAD RE-OPENING PROJECT ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS: - ECOLOGY". Environment Canterbury. Retrieved 1 January 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. 1 2 "Galloway No. 1 Inland Saline Wetland Complex". www.orc.govt.nz. 29 January 2020. Retrieved 2024-01-01.
  12. ↑ George Vernon Hudson (1928), The butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington: Ferguson and Osborn Limited, p. 253, LCCN   88133764, OCLC   25449322, Wikidata   Q58593286
  13. ↑ "Galloway No. 2 Inland Saline Wetland Management Area". www.orc.govt.nz. Retrieved 2024-01-01.
  14. ↑ Brian Patrick (January 1994). "Lepidoptera of Kaitorete Spit, Canterbury". New Zealand Entomologist. 17 (1): 52–63. doi:10.1080/00779962.1994.9721985. ISSN   0077-9962. Wikidata   Q57483708.
  15. ↑ S. Lindsay (1930). "Notes on New Zealand Lepidoptera no. 11". Records of the Canterbury Museum. 3 (5): 345–347. ISSN   0370-3878. Wikidata   Q107787572.
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