Aureolaria levigata

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Aureolaria levigata
Aureolaria laevigata flower.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Orobanchaceae
Genus: Aureolaria
Species:
A. levigata
Binomial name
Aureolaria levigata
(Raf.) Raf.
Synonyms [1]
  • Gerardia levigataRaf. – basionym
  • Agalinis levigata(Raf.) S.F.Blake
  • Dasistoma integrifoliaA.Gray
  • Dasistoma levigata(Raf.) Chapm.
  • Gerardia integrifoliaA.Gray

Aureolaria levigata, commonly known as entireleaf yellow false foxglove [2] or Appalachian oak-leech, [3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae. It is native to much of the Appalachian Mountains and surrounding areas in the eastern United States. It is also found in a disjunct population in southwestern Mississippi.

Contents

Description

Like other members of its genus, Aureolaria laevigata is hemiparasitic on oak tree roots. It produces tubular yellow flowers in late summer. It can be distinguished from its relative, A. flava by its tendency to have entire, simple leaves. [4] It is a perennial herb with a sprawling semi-erect growth habit. [5]

Taxonomy

The Appalachian oak-leech was first formally described in 1820 by French botanist Constantine Samuel Rafinesque as Gerardia levigata [6] and renamed, by the same author, as Aureolaria levigata in 1837. [7]

The scientific name is frequently "corrected" as Aureolaria laevigata, [2] [8] though according to the Germplasm Resources Information Network, "Rafinesque consistently spelled this "levigata" and there is no basis for correcting his spelling". [9] The spelling as levigata is also accepted in Kew's Plants of the World Online and International Plant Names Index. [1] [7]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Agalinis</i> Genus of flowering plants belonging to the broomrape family

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<i>Senecio crassissimus</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Orbexilum</i> Genus of plants

Orbexilum, commonly called leather-root, is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family (Fabaceae). They are native to North America, where they are found in the United States and Mexico, south to Chiapas.

<i>Agalinis skinneriana</i> Species of flowering plant

Agalinis skinneriana is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae known by the common names Skinner's gerardia, Skinner's false foxglove and pale false foxglove. It is native to North America, where it occurs in Ontario south to Missouri and Louisiana.

<i>Aureolaria</i> Genus of flowering plants

Aureolaria, with the common name false foxgloves, is a genus of 8 species, native to North America.

<i>Aureolaria virginica</i> Species of plant

Aureolaria virginica, the downy yellow false foxglove or downy oak leach, is a perennial forb native to the eastern United States and Canada, which produces yellow flowers in summer.

<i>Agalinis tenuifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Agalinis tenuifolia, known by the common names common gerardia, slender false foxglove or common false foxglove, is an annual forb native to the eastern and southwestern United States, and Canada, which produces purple flowers in late summer or early fall.

<i>Iris maackii</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris maackii is a species in the genus Iris; it is also in the subgenus Limniris and in the series Laevigatae. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from China and eastern Russia. It has sword-shaped grey-green leaves, and has many branched flowering stems that carry flowers in May that come in various shades of yellow.

<i>Aureolaria patula</i> Species of flowering plant

Aureolaria patula, commonly known as spreading yellow false foxglove or Cumberland oak-leach, is a species of plant in the family Orobanchaceae. It is native to the upper Southeastern United States, where it is found in Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Due to its limited geographic range, this species in considered vulnerable, and is listed as rare in every state it is found. It is often found in populations consisting of only a few plants. Its habitat is rich alluvial forests and limestone slopes along major rivers.

<i>Aureolaria pedicularia</i> Species of flowering plant

Aureolaria pedicularia, the fernleaf yellow false foxglove, fern-leaved false foxglove, or fernleaf false foxglove, is a parasitic plant of the family Orobanchaceae. Aureolaria pedicularia is native to parts of the eastern US, the Midwest, and adjacent Canada. This plant is known for its distinct leaf shape and overall plant size. The common names for Aureolaria pedicularia come from its fern-like leaves.

Hypericum galioides, the bedstraw St. Johnswort, is a species of flowering plant in the St. John's wort family, Hypericaceae. It is endemic to the Southeastern United States.

<i>Hypericum fasciculatum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum fasciculatum, known as peelbark St. Johnswort or sandweed, is a species of flowering plant in the St. Johnswort family, Hypericaceae, native to the southeastern United States. It is found from eastern North Carolina, south to southern Florida, west to eastern Louisiana. Kew's Plants of the World Online database also notes that it occurs in Cuba, though Cuba is not listed in several other sources. It was first described in 1797 by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck.

<i>Aureolaria pectinata</i> Species of flowering plant

Aureolaria pectinata, commonly called combleaf yellow false foxglove, is a species of plant in the broomrape family that is native to the southeastern United States.

<i>Androsace laevigata</i> Species of flowering plant

Androsace laevigata, synonym Douglasia laevigata, known as the cliff dwarf primrose, is a species of flowering plant in the primrose family, Primulaceae. It is native to the central Pacific coastal mountains of North America below 2,400 metres (8,000 ft) elevation. Its habitat includes cliffs, rocks, and alpine.

<i>Aureolaria flava</i> Species of flowering plant

Aureolaria flava, commonly called smooth yellow false foxglove, is a species of plant in the broomrape family that is native to the eastern United States.

References

  1. 1 2 "Aureolaria levigata". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanical Gardens Kew. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  2. 1 2 "Aureolaria laevigata". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA . Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  3. Weakley, Alan S. (2018), Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States, working draft of 20 August 2018, University of North Carolina Herbarium, North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
  4. Morawetz, Jeffery J. (2012). "Aureolaria (Orobanchaceae)" (PDF). Flora of North America, Provisional Publication.
  5. "Aureolaria laevigata (Appalachian Oak-leach, Entireleaf Yellow False Foxglove, Smooth False Foxglove) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". plants.ces.ncsu.edu. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  6. "Gerardia levigata". ipni.org. International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  7. 1 2 "Aureolaria levigata". ipni.org. International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  8. "Aureolaria laevigata". The Plant List. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  9. "Aureolaria levigata (Raf.) Raf". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 7 January 2019.