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Benito | |
---|---|
Italian | Il Giovane Mussolini |
Spanish | El joven Mussolini |
Written by | Vincenzo Cerami, Mimmo Rafele, Lidia Ravera |
Directed by | Gianluigi Calderone |
Starring | Antonio Banderas, Susanne Lothar, Toni Bertorelli |
Original language | Italian |
Production | |
Running time | 307 minutes |
Original release | |
Release | 1993 |
Benito (Il Giovane Mussolini in Italian) is an Italian TV miniseries regarding the story of Benito Mussolini's early rise to power [1] [2] in the Socialist International and his relationship with Angelica Balabanoff. It was made in 1993 by RTVE of Spain,Rai Due of Italy,Microfilm,and the Kirch Company. It stars Antonio Banderas as Mussolini.
Mussolini arrives in a small town in 1901 and gets a job as a school teacher;he is subsequently fired for having sex with the headmaster's daughter. This would be a common theme throughout the movie. After giving up on teaching,he works as a builder on the new University of Geneva campus building,and where a lover persuades him to become a student. This is also where he organizes his first protest after the death of a worker he knew. For this,he is nearly deported but is saved by Angelica's intervention. After getting run out of then-Austro-Hungarian Trieste,he goes back to his hometown of Forlì,where he marries Rachele. Soon he is at the forefront of the Socialist movement when he becomes the editor-in-chief of Avanti! . At this point Mussolini unites the "reds," the Socialists,with the "yellows," the Republicans in an anti-war movement. This marks the peak of his power,with the Italian left-wing politics under his control. However,he gradually loses his anti-war fervor and splits from the Socialist party altogether,turning all his allies into enemies.
Clara "Claretta" Petacci was a mistress of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. She was killed by Italian partisans during Mussolini's execution.
Carlo Tresca was an Italian-American newspaper editor,orator,and labor organizer and activist who was a leader of the Industrial Workers of the World during the 1910s. He is remembered as a leading public opponent of fascism,Stalinism,and Mafia infiltration of the trade unions for the purposes of labor racketeering and corruption.
Giacomo Matteotti was an Italian socialist politician. On 30 May 1924,he openly spoke in the Italian Parliament alleging the Italian fascists committed fraud in the 1924 Italian general election,and denounced the violence they used to gain votes. Eleven days later,he was kidnapped and killed by Fascists.
The March on Rome was an organized mass demonstration and a coup d'état in October 1922 which resulted in Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party ascending to power in the Kingdom of Italy. In late October 1922,Fascist Party leaders planned an insurrection to take place by marching on the capital. On 28 October,the fascist demonstrators and Blackshirt paramilitaries approached Rome;Prime Minister Luigi Facta wished to declare a state of siege,but this was overruled by King Victor Emmanuel III,who,fearing bloodshed,persuaded Facta to resign by threatening to abdicate. On 30 October 1922,the King appointed Mussolini as Prime Minister,thereby transferring political power to the fascists without armed conflict. On 31 October the fascist Blackshirts paraded in Rome,while Mussolini formed his coalition government.
Renzo De Felice was an Italian historian,who specialized in the Fascist era,writing,among other works,a 6000-page biography of Mussolini. He argued that Mussolini was a revolutionary modernizer in domestic issues but a pragmatist in foreign policy who continued the Realpolitik policies of Italy from 1861 to 1922. Historian of Italy Philip Morgan has called De Felice's biography of Mussolini "a very controversial,influential and at the same time problematic re-reading of Mussolini and Fascism" and rejected the contention that his work rose above politics to "scientific objectivity",as claimed by the author and his defenders.
The Mussolini family is a well-known family in Italy. The most prominent member was Benito Mussolini,the fascist dictator of Italy from 1922 to 1943. Other members of the family include:
Rachele Guidi,also known as Donna Rachele and incorrectly as Rachele Mussolini in the English-speaking world,was the second wife of Italian dictator and fascist leader Benito Mussolini.
Angelica Balabanoff was a Russian-Italian communist and social democratic activist of Jewish origin. She served as secretary of the Comintern from 1919 to 1920,and later became a political party leader in Italy.
Filippo Turati was an Italian sociologist,criminologist,poet and socialist politician.
Italian fascism,also known as classical fascism or simply fascism,is the original fascist ideology as developed in Italy by Giovanni Gentile and Benito Mussolini. The ideology is associated with a series of two political parties led by Benito Mussolini:the National Fascist Party (PNF),which ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 until 1943,and the Republican Fascist Party (PFR) that ruled the Italian Social Republic from 1943 to 1945. Italian fascism is also associated with the post-war Italian Social Movement (MSI) and subsequent Italian neo-fascist movements.
Ida Irene Dalser was the first wife of Italian fascist dictator Benito Mussolini.
The Arditi del Popolo was an Italian militant anti-fascist group founded at the end of June 1921 to resist the rise of Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party and the violence of the Blackshirts (squadristi) paramilitaries. It grouped revolutionary trade-unionists,socialists,communists,anarchists,republicans,anti-capitalists,as well as some former military officers,and was co-founded by Giuseppe Mingrino,Argo Secondari and Gino Lucetti –who tried to assassinate Mussolini on 11 September 1926 –the deputy Guido Picelli and others. The Arditi del Popolo were an offshoot of the Arditi elite troops,who had previously occupied Fiume in 1919 behind the poet Gabriele d'Annunzio,who proclaimed the Italian Regency of Carnaro. Those who split to form the Arditi del Popolo were close to the anarchist Argo Secondari and were supported by Mario Carli. The formazioni di difesa proletaria later merged with them. The Arditi del Popolo gathered approximately 20,000 members in summer 1921.
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was an Italian dictator who founded and led the National Fascist Party (PNF). He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 1943,as well as Duce of Italian fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919 until his summary execution in 1945 by Italian partisans. As dictator of Italy and principal founder of fascism,Mussolini inspired and supported the international spread of fascist movements during the inter-war period.
Mussolini and I is a 1985 made-for-television docudrama film directed by Alberto Negrin. It chronicles the strained relationship between Italy's fascist dictator Benito Mussolini and his son-in-law and foreign minister,Count Galeazzo Ciano,based on Ciano's diaries. Made in English as an Italian-French-German-Swiss-Spanish-US co-production,with Bob Hoskins,Anthony Hopkins and Susan Sarandon in the leading roles,it first aired on Rai Uno on 15 April 1985 in a 130-minute version. On 8 September 1985,it premiered in the USA on HBO in an extended four-hour version.
Giovacchino Forzano was an Italian playwright,librettist,stage and film director. A resourceful writer,he authored numerous popular plays and produced opera librettos for most of the major Italian composers of the early twentieth century,including the librettos for Giacomo Puccini's Suor Angelica and Gianni Schicchi.
This is a list of events relating to Italian television in 1994.
Events from the year 1921 in Italy.
The Kingdom of Italy was governed by the National Fascist Party from 1922 to 1943 with Benito Mussolini as prime minister and dictator. The Italian Fascists imposed totalitarian rule and crushed political and intellectual opposition,while promoting economic modernization,traditional social values and a rapprochement with the Roman Catholic Church.
The Maximalist Italian Socialist Party or PSIm,was the residual part of the Italian Socialist Party in exile following the split that occurred during the first phases of the Socialist Convention of Grenoble,held on 16 March 1930,by Pietro Nenni and the fusionist fraction.
Left-interventionism was the part of the progressive interventionist movement of various left-wing matrices,such as those of Mazzinian,social reformist,democratic socialist,dissident socialist,reformist socialist,and revolutionary socialist persuasions,that saw in the Great War the historical opportunity for the completion of unification of Italy,and for those who later became part of the Italian fascist movement,such as Benito Mussolini,as the palingenesis of the Italian political system and the organization of the economic,legal,and social system,and therefore a profound change.