Bentley 8 Litre chassis | |
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Overview | |
Manufacturer | Bentley Motors Limited |
Production |
|
Assembly | Cricklewood, London |
Designer | W. O. Bentley |
Body and chassis | |
Class | Luxury car |
Body style | purchaser to arrange with own coachbuilder [1] |
Layout | FR layout [2] |
Related | Bentley 4-Litre (economy version) |
Powertrain | |
Engine | SOHC 8 L I6 [3] |
Transmission |
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Dimensions | |
Wheelbase | |
Length |
|
Width | 68.5 in (1,740 mm) [2] |
Height | depending on coachwork |
Kerb weight | 2.5 tonnes (5500 lb.) or more, depending on coachwork |
Bentley 8-litre engine | |
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Overview | |
Production | 1930–1932 |
Layout | |
Configuration | 6-cylinder in-line |
Displacement | 7,983 cubic centimetres (487 cu in) |
Cylinder bore | 110 mm (4.3 in) |
Piston stroke | 140 mm (5.5 in) |
Cylinder block material | |
Cylinder head material | non-detachable – see block |
Valvetrain | single overhead camshaft driven by patented triple connecting rods; 4-valves-per-cylinder [3] |
Compression ratio | 5:1 |
Combustion | |
Fuel system |
|
Fuel type | petrol |
Cooling system | Water-cooled, with pump, fan and thermostatically-controlled shutters [3] |
Output | |
Power output |
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The Bentley 8 Litre was a large inline 6-cylinder super-luxury car made in various configurations by Bentley Motors Limited at Cricklewood, London. Announced 15 September 1930, it was also the last completely new model by Bentley before the company's financial collapse and forced sale to Rolls-Royce Limited.
A Bentley 4 Litre featuring a 4-Litre Inline-6 engine in a shortened chassis was announced on 15 May 1931.
Introduced a year into the Great Depression. the 8-litre and its smaller 4-litre sibling were unable to turn the company's finances around. Less than nine months after the 8-litre's introduction, Bentley Motors was placed into receivership.
The straight-six engine used a one-piece iron block and non-detachable cylinder head with a crankcase made from Elektron, a magnesium alloy. It featured an overhead camshaft driven by a Bentley patented "three-throw drive" system of triple connecting rods [4] [7] with, like all earlier Bentleys, four valves per cylinder and twin-spark ignition (coil and magneto), which were state-of-the-art at the time. [5] [8] The engine had a bore of 110 mm (4.3 in) and a stroke of 140 mm (5.5 in), [3] [9] giving a capacity of 7,983 cc (487.2 cu in). [3] [10] [9] Pistons were of an aluminium alloy. [11]
Both engine and gearbox were mounted each at three points on rubber to isolate the chassis and body from vibration. [11]
An entirely new design of four-speed gearbox provided four speeds (constant mesh third) and reverse [3] [12] with a single-plate dry clutch which sent power through a hypoid bevel final drive to the rear axle and its 21" Rudge-Whitworth wire centre-lock wheels. [3]
The 8 Litre was built on Bentley's largest rolling chassis, a ladder frame with large tubular steel cross-members downswept from the front and rear axles towards the centre to lower the centre of gravity. [3]
Neither engine nor gearbox contributed to the bracing of the chassis. [3]
Suspension by long semi-elliptic leaf springs was controlled by double acting dampers, friction on the front and hydraulic on the rear axle, and all four wheels were fitted with Dewandre vacuum-servo-assisted 400 mm (15.7 in) drum brakes, the forward brakes being of Bentley-Perrott design. [11]
Steering was by worm and sector and castor action could be adjusted to suit individual taste. [3]
There was centralised chassis lubrication [3] [13] including the gaitered springs but not for the front axle or the clutch withdrawal system. [3]
The 8-Litre chassis was available with either a 144-inch (3,700 mm) wheelbase or a longer 156-inch (4,000 mm) wheelbase. [3] [13] Three were built with a 138-inch (3,500 mm) wheelbase.[ citation needed ]
The manufacturer claimed a maximum speed of approximately 125 mph (201 km/h). [5] A speed in excess of 105 mph (169 km/h) was guaranteed by the manufacturer. [3]
Announced on 15 September 1930 [4] and launched at the London Olympia Motor Show in October 1930, [3] the 8 Litre Bentley was noted for its tractability and smoothness; it could be driven from walking pace to highway speeds in top gear without effort. [13] [9]
As a result of the worldwide Great Depression, the 8 Litre did not sell well enough to improve Bentley's financial situation. [12] [9] The chassis was priced at £1,850, [3] roughly equivalent to £293,000 in 2010. [15]
Only 100 of these cars were made, [5] [13] of which 35 were on the shorter wheelbase. [13] Fewer than 25 were fitted with open bodies. It is suggested that the cost of the development of the car was a prime reason for Bentley Motors going bankrupt. [16]
Bentley made one more attempt at financial recovery by installing modified Ricardo 4-litre engines in a shortened 8-Litre chassis and selling the result as the Bentley 4 Litre. [17] [18] Announced on 15 May 1931, [19] only 50 were made before Bentley Motors Ltd. was placed into receivership. [17]
When Rolls-Royce bought Bentley Motors from the receiver [20] in November 1931, [21] it discontinued production of the 8-Litre [13] [12] and disposed of all spare parts for it.[ citation needed ]
Seventy-eight Bentley 8 Litre cars were known to survive as at mid-2011. [22] Many of these have had their original limousine or saloon bodies replaced by new replica tourer bodies. [23] As a result, Bentley 8 Litres with original bodies are much sought after by collectors.[ citation needed ]
The only Bentley 8 Litre with an American body, which was also the first Bentley with an all-metal body, was built by the W.M. Murphy Company of Pasadena for a customer in Santa Barbara, California. [24]
McKenzie's Garages, a specialist in Rolls-Royce and Bentley cars, modified four 8 Litres in the 1930s: YM5050 (with a shortened chassis, lowered radiator and bulkhead, and triple SU carburettors); [25] YR5083 (with a higher-ratio rear axle and triple SU carburettors); [26] YX5117 (with a lowered and shortened chassis and triple SU carburettors); [27] and YX5121 (with a shortened and lowered chassis and a tuned engine) [28]
Bentley Motors Limited is a British designer, manufacturer and marketer of luxury cars and SUVs. Headquartered in Crewe, England, the company was founded by W. O. Bentley (1888–1971) in 1919 in Cricklewood, North London, and became widely known for winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929 and 1930. Bentley has been a subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group since 1998 and consolidated under VW's premium brand arm Audi since 2022.
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Walter Owen Bentley, was an English engineer who founded Bentley Motors Limited in London. He was a motorcycle and car racer as a young man. After making a name for himself as a designer of aircraft and automobile engines, Bentley established his own firm in 1919. He built the firm into one of the world's premier luxury and performance auto manufacturers, and led the marque to multiple victories at the 24 Hours of Le Mans. After selling his namesake company to Rolls-Royce Limited in 1931, he was employed as a designer for Lagonda, Aston Martin, and Armstrong Siddeley.
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The Bentley 4 Litre was a motor car built on rolling chassis made by Bentley Motors Limited. The 4 litre chassis was conceived and built in a failed attempt to restore Bentley to a good financial state. Announced 15 May 1931, it used a modified four litre Ricardo IOE engine in a shortened 8 litre chassis at two-thirds of the price of the 8 Litre in an attempt to compete with the Rolls-Royce 20/25. Instead, Bentley went into receivership shortly afterward, from which it was purchased by Rolls-Royce Limited.
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Too many of these fabulous cars have lost their original bodywork in favour of replica open-tourers, but the survival rate of the 8-litre is high. ...Few remaining cars now have original saloon bodywork."[ permanent dead link ]
Of the 100 Bentley Eight-Litre models (sic) produced, 78 are known to exist today.
Rolls-Royce Limited bought Bentley Motors through a nominee company on 13 November 1931 for £125,000 and immediately formed Bentley Motors (1931) Ltd.
The Derby company was relieved when the trade depression killed off Bentley – and the 8-litre model was never revived by the new management.
This famous car will forever be associated with just two people: Mr. Forrest Lycett, the original owner, and Mr. L. C. McKenzie, the developer.
There was nothing to complain about in the engine design, but unfortunately the very heavy 8-litre chassis was used and this resulted in a rather dull and slow car.
A double-drop chassis was adopted, closely based on that of the contemporary Bentley 8-Litre, and offered in two wheelbase lengths: 11' 2" and 11' 8", both of which were shorter than the shortest of the two 8-Litre chassis available.