Blandfordia punicea

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Tasmanian Christmas bell
Blandfordia Punicea - Arthur Plains, Tasmania.jpg
Flowers in the Southwest National Park
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Blandfordiaceae
Genus: Blandfordia
Species:
B. punicea
Binomial name
Blandfordia punicea
Synonyms [1]
  • Aletris puniceaLabill.
  • Blandfordia marginataHerb.
  • Blandfordia backhousiiLindl.
  • Blandfordia grandifloraHook.f nom. illeg.
  • Blandfordia grandiflora var. backhousii (Lindl.) Hook.f.
  • Blandfordia grandiflora var. marginata(Herb.) Hook.f.

Blandfordia punicea, commonly known as Tasmanian Christmas bell, is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to western Tasmania. It is a tufted perennial herb with linear leaves and drooping red, bell-shaped flowers that are yellow on the inside.

Contents

Description

Blandfordia punicea is a tufted perennial herb with flat, ribbed, strap-like leaves 30–100 cm (12–39 in) long, 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) wide, with small teeth on the edge and often with a reddish tinge. The flowering stem is unbranched and bears up to twenty bell-shaped flowers up to 20–40 mm (0.79–1.6 in) long. The flowers are borne on a stout flowering stem up to 1.0 m (3.3 ft) long, each flower with a pedicel 25–50 mm (0.98–2.0 in) long. The stamens are attached above the middle of the flower tube. The flowers are mostly red on the outside with yellow on the inside and are usually very prominent in their native habitat, often rising above ground-level vegetation between mid-spring and early autumn. The fruit is a capsule 25–40 mm (0.98–1.6 in) long on a stalk about 25 mm (0.98 in) long. [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy and naming

The Tasmanian Christmas bell was first formally described in 1805 by Jacques Labillardière who gave it the name Aletris punicea and published the description in Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen . [5] [6] In 1830, Robert Sweet changed the name to Blandfordia punicea. [7] The specific epithet (punicea) is a Latin word meaning "reddish" or "purplish-red". [8]

Distribution and habitat

Blandfordia punicea grows in button grass ( Gymnoschoenus sphaerocephalus ) and damp heath, mostly west of a line between Bruny Island and Rocky Cape. [4]

Culture

An Australian 50c stamp depicting the species was issued on 13 February 2007. [9]

Related Research Articles

<i>Blandfordia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Blandfordia, commonly known as Christmas bells, is a genus of four species of flowering plants native to eastern Australia. Christmas bells are tufted, perennial herbs with narrow, linear leaves and up to twenty large, drooping, cylindrical or bell-shaped flowers.

<i>Eucalyptus ovata</i> Species of plant

Eucalyptus ovata, commonly known as swamp gum or black gum, is a small to medium-sized tree species that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has mostly smooth bark, glossy green, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, green flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical to bell-shaped fruit.

<i>Blandfordia grandiflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Blandfordia grandiflora, commonly known as Christmas bells, is a flowering plant endemic to eastern Australia. It is a tufted perennial herb with narrow, channelled, linear leaves and between two and twenty large, drooping, bell-shaped flowers. The flowers are red with yellow tips, or sometimes entirely yellow. It is one of four species of Blandfordia known as Christmas bells, this one growing on the coast and nearby ranges between Sydney in New South Wales and Fraser Island in Queensland.

Gahnia trifida, the coastal saw-sedge, is a tussock-forming perennial in the family Cyperaceae, endemic to southern Australia.

<i>Olearia ramulosa</i>

Olearia ramulosa, the twiggy daisy-bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It occurs in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania.

<i>Pterostylis grandiflora</i>

Pterostylis grandiflora, commonly known as the cobra greenhood or superb greenhood, is a species of orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia. As with similar orchids, the flowering plants differ from those which are not flowering. The non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves but the flowering plants lack a rosette and have a single flower with leaves on the flowering spike. This greenhood has a green and white, striped flower with deep red-brown markings especially on its "galea", and a sharply pointed dorsal sepal.

<i>Calochilus paludosus</i> Species of orchid

Calochilus paludosus, commonly known as the red beard orchid or red beardie, is a species of orchid native to Australia and New Zealand. It has a single fleshy, light green leaf and up to nine greenish flowers with reddish stripes. The labellum has a dull red or coppery coloured beard and lacks the "eye" spots of other beard orchids.

<i>Cryptostylis subulata</i>

Cryptostylis subulata, commonly known as the large tongue orchid, duckbill orchid or cow orchid, is a common and widespread orchid in south eastern Australia and New Zealand. It has relatively large, leathery, dark green to yellowish-green leaves and up to twenty yellowish flowers with a reddish-brown and dark purple labellum. It is often found in damp or swampy situations but also occurs in drier places.

<i>Persoonia juniperina</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia juniperina, commonly known as prickly geebung, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a small erect to low-lying shrub with smooth bark, hairy new branches, linear leaves, yellow flowers borne singly or in groups of up to forty in leaf axils, and yellowish green to purplish fruit.

<i>Stackhousia monogyna</i> Species of plant

Stackhousia monogyna, commonly known as creamy stackhousia or creamy candles, is a perennial herb species in the family Celastraceae. It is native to Australia. Plants grow to 70 cm (28 in) high and produce a terminal spike of white, cream or yellow flowers between August and January in the species' native range.

<i>Lepidosperma filiforme</i> Species of grass-like plant

Lepidosperma filiforme, also known as the common rapier-sedge, is a sedge that occurs in coastal regions of south-eastern Australia and New Zealand. Plants grow to between 0.3 and 1 metre high. The culms are smooth, rigid, terete and between 0.7 and 2 mm in diameter. The leaves are also terete and about 1 mm in diameter, with sheaths that are straw coloured or reddish.

<i>Teucrium corymbosum</i>

Teucrium corymbosum, commonly known as forest germander, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is native to Australia and New Guinea. It is a perennial herb or subshrub densely covered with glands and with narrow egg-shaped leaves usually with toothed edges, and groups of mostly up to ten white flowers.

<i>Caleana major</i> Species of flowering plant

Caleana major, commonly known as the large duck orchid, is a small orchid found in eastern and southern Australia. This terrestrial plant features a remarkable flower, resembling a duck in flight. The flower is an attractant to insects, such as male sawflies which pollinate the flower in a process known as pseudocopulation. In 1986 this orchid was featured on an Australian postage stamp.

<i>Eriochilus cucullatus</i>

Eriochilus cucullatus, commonly known as parson's bands, or leafless parson's bands, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is a common and widespread, slender ground orchid with a single leaf and up to five small white to pale pink flowers. It grows in all Australian states except Western Australia and the Northern Territory.

<i>Pterostylis squamata</i>

Pterostylis squamata, commonly known as the southern rustyhood or ruddyhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. Flowering plants have up to ten translucent green flowers with reddish-brown markings and a hairy, insect-like labellum. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of four to eight egg-shaped leaves. This species is very similar to Pterostylis rufa which has a narrower labellum and other minor differences.

Pterostylis alata, commonly known as the striped greenhood, is a species of orchid endemic to Tasmania. As with similar orchids, the flowering plants differ from those which are not flowering. The non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves but the flowering plants have a single flower with leaves on the flowering spike. This greenhood has a white flower with prominent dark green stripes and a sharply pointed, brown-tipped dorsal sepal. Similar greenhoods growing on the Australian mainland were formerly known as Pterostylis alata but are now given the name Pterostylis striata.

<i>Chiloglottis diphylla</i> Species of orchid

Chiloglottis diphylla, commonly known as the common wasp orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to Australia. It has two broad leaves and a single narrow, greenish brown to reddish flower with a black, insect-like callus covering the upper surface of the labellum.

<i>Boronia tetrandra</i> Species of flowering plant

Boronia tetrandra, commonly known as yellow boronia, is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a spreading or erect shrub with hairy stems, pinnate leaves and greenish cream to yellow or reddish brown, cup-shaped, four-petalled flowers.

<i>Goodenia elongata</i> Species of plant

Goodenia elongata, commonly known as lanky goodenia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Goodeniaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect or ascending herb with lance-shaped stem leaves, and yellow flowers arranged singly or in racemes.

<i>Hibbertia acicularis</i>

Hibbertia acicularis, commonly known as prickly guinea-flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect or prostrate shrub with linear to lance-shaped leaves and yellow flowers arranged singly in leaf axils with the six to eight stamens joined at the base, in a single cluster.

References

  1. 1 2 "Blandfordia punicea". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. Cochrane, G.R.; Fuhrer, B.A.; Rotherdam, E.M.; Simmons, J.; Simmons, M. & Willis, J.H. (1980). Flowers and Plants of Victoria and Tasmania. A.H. & A.W. Reed. ISBN   0589502565.
  3. Ingram, John W. (1965). "Notes on the Cultivated Liliaceae 2. Blandfordia". Baileya; A Quarterly Journal of Horticultural Taxonomy. 13: 51. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  4. 1 2 Jordan, Greg. "Blandfordia". University of Tasmania. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  5. "Aletris punicea". APNI. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  6. Labillardière, Jacques (1805). Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen (Volume 1). Paris. p. 85. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  7. "Blandfordia punicea". APNI. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  8. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 651.
  9. "Blandfordia punicea". Australian Plants on Stamps. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 22 September 2012.