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Selenomethionine (SeMet) is a naturally occurring amino acid. The L-selenomethionine enantiomer is the main form of selenium found in Brazil nuts, cereal grains, soybeans, and grassland legumes, while Se-methylselenocysteine, or its γ-glutamyl derivative, is the major form of selenium found in Astragalus, Allium, and Brassica species. In vivo, selenomethionine is randomly incorporated instead of methionine. Selenomethionine is readily oxidized.
The borate fluorides or fluoroborates are compounds containing borate or complex borate ions along with fluoride ions that form salts with cations such as metals. They are in the broader category of mixed anion compounds. They are not to be confused with tetrafluoroborates (BF4) or the fluorooxoborates which have fluorine bonded to boron.
The borate carbonates are mixed anion compounds containing both borate and carbonate ions. Compared to mixed anion compounds containing halides, these are quite rare. They are hard to make, requiring higher temperatures, which are likely to decompose carbonate to carbon dioxide. The reason for the difficulty of formation is that when entering a crystal lattice, the anions have to be correctly located, and correctly oriented. They are also known as borocarbonates. Although these compounds have been termed carboborate, that word also refers to the C=B=C5− anion, or CB11H12− anion. This last anion should be called 1-carba-closo-dodecaborate or monocarba-closo-dodecaborate.
The oxynitrides are a group of inorganic compounds containing oxygen and nitrogen not bound to each other, instead combined with other non-metallic or metallic elements. Some of these are oxosalts with oxygen replaced by nitrogen. Some of these compounds do not have a fixed oxygen to nitrogen ratio, but instead form ceramics with a range of compositions. They are in the class of mixed anion compounds.
Mixed anion compounds, heteroanionic materials or mixed anion materials are chemical compounds containing cations and more than one kind of anion. The compounds contain a single phase, rather than just a mixture.
The iodate fluorides are chemical compounds which contain both iodate and fluoride anions (IO3− and F−). In these compounds fluorine is not bound to iodine as it is in fluoroiodates.
A selenite fluoride is a chemical compound or salt that contains fluoride and selenite anions. These are mixed anion compounds. Some have third anions, including nitrate, molybdate, oxalate, selenate, silicate and tellurate.
The borosulfates are heteropoly anion compounds which have sulfate groups attached to boron atoms. Other possible terms are sulfatoborates or boron-sulfur oxides. The ratio of sulfate to borate reflects the degree of condensation. With [B(SO4)4]5- there is no condensation, each ion stands alone. In [B(SO4)3]3- the anions are linked into a chain, a chain of loops, or as [B2(SO4)6]6− in a cycle. Finally in [B(SO4)2]− the sulfate and borate tetrahedra are all linked into a two or three-dimensional network. These arrangements of oxygen around boron and sulfur can have forms resembling silicates. The first borosulfate to be discovered was K5[B(SO4)4] in 2012.
The borophosphates are mixed anion compounds containing borate and phosphate anions, which may be joined together by a common oxygen atom. Compounds that contain water or hydroxy groups can also be included in the class of compounds.
The borotellurates are heteropoly anion compounds which have tellurate groups attached to boron atoms. The ratio of tellurate to borate reflects the degree of condensation. In [TeO4(BO3)2]8- the anions are linked into a chain. In [TeO2(BO3)4]10− the structure is zero dimensional with isolated anions. These arrangements of oxygen around boron and tellurium can have forms resembling silicates. The first borotellurate to be discovered was the mixed sodium rare earth compounds in 2015.
Borate sulfates are mixed anion compounds containing separate borate and sulfate anions. They are distinct from the borosulfates where the borate is linked to a sulfate via a common oxygen atom.
Borate nitrates are mixed anion compounds containing separate borate and nitrate anions. They are distinct from the boronitrates where the borate is linked to a nitrate via a common oxygen atom.
Borate sulfides are chemical mixed anion compounds that contain any kind of borate and sulfide ions. They are distinct from thioborates in which sulfur atoms replace oxygen in borates. There are also analogous borate selenides, with selenium ions instead of sulfur.
The borate bromides are mixed anion compounds that contain borate and bromide anions. They are in the borate halide family of compounds which also includes borate fluorides, borate chlorides, and borate iodides.
The borate iodides are mixed anion compounds that contain both borate and iodide anions. They are in the borate halide family of compounds which also includes borate fluorides, borate chlorides, and borate bromides.
Selenide borates, officially known as borate selenides are chemical mixed anion compounds that contain any kind of borate and selenide ions. They are distinct from selenoborates in which selenium atoms replace oxygen in borates. There are also analogous borate sulfides, with sulfur ions instead of selenium.
Selenogallates are chemical compounds which contain anionic units of selenium connected to gallium. They can be considered as gallates where selenium substitutes for oxygen. Similar compounds include the thiogallates and selenostannates. They are in the category of chalcogenotrielates or more broadly chalcogenometallates.
Sulfidostannates, or thiostannates are chemical compounds containing anions composed of tin linked with sulfur. They can be considered as stannates with sulfur substituting for oxygen. Related compounds include the thiosilicates, and thiogermannates, and by varying the chalcogen: selenostannates, and tellurostannates. Oxothiostannates have oxygen in addition to sulfur. Thiostannates can be classed as chalcogenidometalates, thiometallates, chalcogenidotetrelates, thiotetrelates, and chalcogenidostannates. Tin is almost always in the +4 oxidation state in thiostannates, although a couple of mixed sulfides in the +2 state are known,
A tellurite fluoride is a mixed anion compound containing tellurite and fluoride ions. They have also been called oxyfluorotellurate(IV) where IV is the oxidation state of tellurium in tellurite.
A selenate selenite is a chemical compound or salt that contains selenite and selenate anions (SeO32- and SeO42-). These are mixed anion compounds. Some have third anions.
References
- ↑ Kong, Fang; Sun, Chuan-Fu; Yang, Bing-Ping; Mao, Jiang-Gao (2012), Wu, Xin-Tao; Chen, Ling (eds.), "Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Materials Based on Metal Iodates, Selenites, and Tellurites", Structure-Property Relationships in Non-Linear Optical Crystals I, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 144, pp. 43–103, doi:10.1007/430_2011_65, ISBN 978-3-642-29617-8 , retrieved 2021-03-09
- ↑ Daub, Michael; Scherer, Harald; Hillebrecht, Harald (2015-03-02). "Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Spectroscopy of the Mixed-Valent Boroseleniteselenate B 2 Se 3 O 10". Inorganic Chemistry. 54 (5): 2325–2330. doi:10.1021/ic502916j. ISSN 0020-1669. PMID 25695146.
- ↑ Kong, Fang; Huang, Shu-Ping; Sun, Zhong-Ming; Mao, Jiang-Gao; Cheng, Wen-Dan (June 2006). "Se 2 (B 2 O 7 ): A New Type of Second-Order NLO Material". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 128 (24): 7750–7751. doi:10.1021/ja0620991. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 16771484.
- 1 2 3 4 Zhang, Jian-Han; Kong, Fang; Yang, Bing-Ping; Mao, Jiang-Gao (2012). "A series of boroselenite-based open frameworks mediated by the cationic sizes of the alkali metals". CrystEngComm. 14 (24): 8727. doi:10.1039/c2ce26524a. ISSN 1466-8033.
- 1 2 Zhang, Jian-Han; Wang, Qi-Bing; Chen, Chun-Le; Luo, Ju-Xiang; Hu, Chun-Li; Song, Jun-Ling; Mao, Jiang-Gao (2018). "RbSe 3 B 2 O 9 (OH) and CsSe 3 B 2 O 9 (OH): one dimensional boroselenite-based anionic frameworks with second harmonic generation properties". Dalton Transactions. 47 (16): 5764–5770. doi:10.1039/C8DT00390D. ISSN 1477-9226. PMID 29637203.
- ↑ Tang, Ru-Ling; Hu, Chun-Li; Xie, Wei-Jie; Huang, Qian-Ming; Mao, Jiang-Gao (2021-03-02). "Bi 2 [B 2 (SeO 3 ) 6 ]: A Metal Boroselenite with a Unique Zero-Dimensional [B 2 (SeO 3 ) 6 ] 6– Anionic Group and Large Birefringence". Inorganic Chemistry: acs.inorgchem.1c00210. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00210. ISSN 0020-1669. PMID 33650857.