| Bouretidae | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Orthoptera |
| Suborder: | Caelifera |
| Infraorder: | Acrididea |
| Superfamily: | † Locustopsoidea |
| Family: | † Bouretidae Martins-Neto, 2001 |
Bouretidae is an extinct family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera. There is one genus, Bouretia , in Bouretidae, with fossils found in Brazil. [1] [2] [3]
Orthoptera is an order of insects that comprises the grasshoppers, locusts and crickets, including closely related insects such as the katydids and wētā. The order is subdivided into two suborders: Caelifera – grasshoppers, locusts and close relatives; and Ensifera – crickets and close relatives.
Ensifera is a suborder of insects that includes the various types of crickets and their allies including: true crickets, camel crickets, bush crickets or katydids, grigs, weta and Cooloola monsters. This and the suborder Caelifera make up the order Orthoptera. Ensifera is believed to be a more ancient group than Caelifera, with its origins in the Carboniferous period, the split having occurred at the end of the Permian period. Unlike the Caelifera, the Ensifera contain numerous members that are partially carnivorous, feeding on other insects, as well as plants.
The Caelifera are a suborder of orthopteran insects. They include the grasshoppers and grasshopper-like insects, as well as other superfamilies classified with them: the ground-hoppers (Tetrigoidea) and pygmy mole crickets (Tridactyloidea). The latter should not be confused with the mole crickets (Gryllotalpidae), which belong to the other Orthopteran sub-order Ensifera.
Stylopidae is a family of twisted-winged insects in the order Strepsiptera. There are about 15 genera and more than 330 described species in Stylopidae.
Gryllacrididae are a family of non-jumping insects in the suborder Ensifera occurring worldwide, known commonly as leaf-rolling crickets or raspy crickets. The family historically has been broadly defined to include what are presently several other families, such as Stenopelmatidae and Rhaphidophoridae, now considered separate. As presently defined, the family contains two subfamilies: Gryllacridinae and Hyperbaeninae. They are commonly wingless and nocturnal. In the daytime, most species rest in shelters made from folded leaves sewn with silk. Some species use silk to burrow in sand, earth or wood. Raspy crickets evolved the ability to produce silk independently from other insects, but their silk has many convergent features to silkworm silk, being made of long, repetitive proteins with an extended beta-sheet structure.
Edmund Murton Walker was a Canadian entomologist. He described the genus Grylloblatta in 1914 which he then considered as a member of the Orthoptera and later placed it in a separate order Grylloblattodea but which are now included in the order Notoptera.
Acridoidea is a superfamily of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera with species found on every continent except Antarctica.
Pamphagodidae is a small family of grasshoppers in the Orthoptera: suborder Caelifera. Species in this family can be found in southern Africa and Morocco.
The cohort Polyneoptera is a proposed taxonomic ranking for the Orthoptera and all other Neopteran insects believed to be more closely related to Orthoptera than to any other insect orders. They possess biting mouthparts, but undergo little or no metamorphosis.
Gryllidea is an infraorder that includes crickets and similar insects in the order Orthoptera. There are two superfamilies, and more than 6,000 described species in Gryllidea.
Eolocustopsidae is an extinct family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera. There are at least two genera and two described species in Eolocustopsidae.
Locustavidae is an extinct family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera. There are about 6 genera and 12 described species in Locustavidae, with fossils found in Australia, China, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia.
Locustopsidae is an extinct family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera. There are about 17 genera and more than 60 described species in Locustopsidae.
Protogryllidae is an extinct family of crickets in the order Orthoptera. There are about 8 genera and more than 20 described species in Protogryllidae.
Regiatidae is an extinct family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera. There are at least three genera and four described species in Regiatidae.
Tcholmanvissiidae is an extinct family of Orthoptera. There are at least two genera and about eight described species in Tcholmanvissiidae.
Tettoedischiidae is an extinct family of Orthoptera. There are at least two genera and two described species in Tettoedischiidae.
Thueringoedischiidae is an extinct family of long-horned Orthoptera. There are at least three genera and three described species in Thueringoedischiidae.
Xyronotidae is a family of grasshoppers in the order Orthoptera. There are at least two genera and four described species in Xyronotidae.
Wētā is the common name for a group of about 70 insect species in the families Anostostomatidae and Rhaphidophoridae, endemic to New Zealand. They are giant flightless crickets, and some are among the heaviest insects in the world. Generally nocturnal, most small species are carnivores and scavengers while the larger species are herbivorous. Wētā are preyed on by introduced mammals, and some species are now critically endangered.
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