Burns Cottage

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Burns Cottage
Burns Cottage, Alloway 428032.jpg
Burns Cottage in October 2006
Burns Cottage
TypeThatched cottage, open to the public as a museum
Location Alloway, Ayr, South Ayrshire, Scotland
Coordinates 55°25′58″N04°38′06″W / 55.43278°N 4.63500°W / 55.43278; -4.63500
Built1757
Original useHome of Robert Burns and family
Owner National Trust for Scotland
Listed Building – Category A
TypeNational or international importance
Designated5 February 1971
Reference no. LB21476
South Ayrshire UK location map.svg
National Trust for Scotland emblem.svg
Burns Cottage
Burns Cottage location

Burns Cottage is the birthplace of Robert Burns, Scotland's national poet (or "bard"), who was born at the cottage on 25 January 1759. It is located in Alloway, a current suburb of Ayr, and a former village, located in South Ayrshire, Scotland. The cottage was built by Robert Burns' father, William Burnes in 1757 and is a four-roomed clay and thatch cottage which has been fully restored to become part of the Robert Burns Birthplace Museum.

Contents

Currently, the cottage is under the ownership and protection of the National Trust for Scotland, and forms part of a larger Robert Burns Birthplace Museum also located in Alloway. [1]

History

The cottage has had a number of uses, including a spell as a pub, run by a Mr Goudie from Riccarton who saw the opportunity to exploit Burns's developing reputation. [a] At first therefore the cottage was not greatly valued. The Suffragettes recognised its importance, having once endeavoured to set the cottage alight. [3]

In 1818, the English poet John Keats took a trip to Scotland to visit the home, years after Burns' death in 1796. Before Keats arrived, he wrote to a friend that "one of the pleasantest means of annulling self is approaching such a shrine as the cottage of Burns – we need not think of his misery – that is all gone – bad luck to it – I shall look upon it all with unmixed pleasure." [4] but his encounter with the cottage's alcoholic custodian returned him to thoughts of misery. [5]

Throughout much of the 19th century, the cottage served as a privately rented residence and then became an alehouse, before being converted back to its appearance during the lifetime of Burns when his family lived within the cottage in 1881 by the Burns Monument Trust. [6]

Burns' lifetime

Robert Burns lived in the cottage until the age of seven years old, living alongside his family as well as their farm animals. Burns received his earliest form of education through homeschooling in the family kitchen located within the cottage. [6] The Burns family later moved from the cottage to a larger house in the south–east of Alloway in order to accommodate the growing Burns family. Robert's father, William Burnes, sold the cottage to the Incorporation of Shoemakers which was located in Ayr. [7]

Following the death of Burns in 1796, the cottage was being used as a pub. Due to the popularity of the pub following his death, the cottage had to be extended in order to accommodate increased volumes of visitors. Most of the extension which was constructed at this time was destroyed, leaving the cottage to be returned to its original appearance during the period Burns had lived there. [8]

The Cottage

Burns Cottage is a long, low, thatched building which fronts onto the main street of Alloway, consisting of four rooms, two for human habitation and two for farm livestock. A relatively small kitchen and parlour is situated within the cottage linked by a byre and barn area. The kitchen also contains an alcove which houses a bed box in which Burns was born. [9]

Over the years, much work and consideration has been given to preserving the cottage and its appearance to keep it similar to that during the lifetime of Burns. However, with a history of various ownerships, there has been some alteration and buildings works. [10]

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Richmond (lawyer)</span> Scottish lawyer

John Richmond (1765–1846) was one of Robert Burns's closest friends and confidants. He was born in Sorn parish at Montgarswood, Ayrshire, Scotland. His father, Henry Richmond, was a merchant in Mauchline and owned Montgarswood Farm that lies near Sorn. This farm passed to James, John's brother, having once been farmed by William Fisher, Burns's Holy Willie.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Murdoch (teacher)</span>

John Murdoch of Ayr was Robert Burns's most significant teacher or tutor and he was a friend of the Burnes family. He was born in 1747 and first taught Gilbert and Robert Burns in Alloway when he was only aged eighteen. He remained in contact with the Burnes family for several years after leaving Ayrshire for London. Murdoch, William Burnes and Richard Brown were amongst the most significant influences on Burns life during his early years in Ayrshire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Ballantine (banker)</span>

John Ballantine (1743–1812), was a Scottish merchant and banker and one of the greatest friends, admirers and closest confidants of Robert Burns. Significantly Ballantine gave the poet advice on the selection of poems for his First Kilmarnock Edition as well as being asked for his opinion on the bard's poems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Annabella Burns</span> Unmarried sister of the poet Robert Burns

Annabella Burns or Nannie Burns (1764–1832) was the second oldest sister of the poet Robert Burns, and the last child born to William Burness and Agnes Broun whilst at the Alloway cottage. She was born on the 14 November 1764 and she was christened on 17 November by Rev. William Dalrymple, the minister of Ayr Parish Church. When she died in 1832 she was the last member of Gilbert Burns's household at Grant's Brae to be buried at the Bolton Kirk family lair. Gilbert Burns had died, also aged 67, five years earlier in 1827.

References

  1. "Robert Burns Birthplace Museum". National Trust for Scotland. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  2. "Cottage for sale". Bell's Weekly Messenger. 25 November 1838. p. 4.
  3. Cuthbertson, David Cuningham (1945). Autumn in Kyle and the Charm of Cunninghame. London : Jenkins. P. 60
  4. Costa, Robert, "Keats’s House, Restored", article, The Wall Street Journal, August 4, 2009, retrieved August 12, 2009
  5. Colvin, Sidney. John Keats.
  6. 1 2 "Burns Cottage". National Trust for Scotland. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  7. "Burns Cottage Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland". www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  8. "How many of these facts did you know about Burns Cottage?". Ayr Advertiser. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  9. "Robert Burns Birthplace Museum, Burns Cottage, Monument, Brig O' Doon & Auld Kirk". Britain Express. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  10. "Then & Now: Burns Cottage". Burns Birthplace Blog. 10 June 2015. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  1. Cottage for Sale — The cottage in which the Ayrshire Bard, Robert Burns, was born, which has been for years a well frequented inn, now advertised for sale by the incorporation of shoemakers of Ayr, to whom the premises present belong. [2]

55°25′58″N4°38′00″W / 55.432812°N 4.633464°W / 55.432812; -4.633464