CRYBB2

CRYBB2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1YTQ
Identifiers
Aliases	CRYBB2 , CCA2, CRYB2, CRYB2A, CTRCT3, D22S665, crystallin beta B2
External IDs	OMIM: 123620 MGI: 88519 HomoloGene: 420 GeneCards: CRYBB2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 22 (human)
End	25,231,870 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	113,217,983 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	stromal cell of endometrium; ; nucleus accumbens; ; putamen; ; amygdala; ; caudate nucleus; ; pituitary gland; ; left lobe of thyroid gland; ; anterior pituitary; ; dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; ; Brodmann area 9;
	Top expressed in
	corneal stroma; ; ciliary body; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; conjunctival fornix; ; iris; ; brain stem; ; anterior horn of spinal cord; ; placenta; ; cerebellum; ; basal ganglia;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
	1415
	12961
	ENSG00000244752
	ENSMUSG00000042240
	P43320
	P62696
	NM_000496
	NM_007773
	NP_000487
	NP_031799
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated August 15, 2023

Beta-crystallin B2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYBB2 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Function

Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. The latter class constitutes the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. Mammalian lens crystallins are divided into alpha, beta, and gamma families; beta and gamma crystallins are also considered as a superfamily. Alpha and beta families are further divided into acidic and basic groups. Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N-terminal and C-terminal extensions. Beta-crystallins, the most heterogeneous, differ by the presence of the C-terminal extension (present in the basic group, none in the acidic group). Beta-crystallins form aggregates of different sizes and are able to self-associate to form dimers or to form heterodimers with other beta-crystallins. This gene, a beta basic group member, is part of a gene cluster with beta-A4, beta-B1, and beta-B3. A chain-terminating mutation was found to cause type 2 cerulean cataracts.^[7]

Interactions

CRYBB2 has been shown to interact with Hsp27,^[8] CRYGC,^[8] CRYAA ^[8] and CRYAB.^[8]

Related Research Articles

Alpha-crystallin B chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYAB gene. It is part of the small heat shock protein family and functions as molecular chaperone that primarily binds misfolded proteins to prevent protein aggregation, as well as inhibit apoptosis and contribute to intracellular architecture. Post-translational modifications decrease the ability to chaperone. Mutations in CRYAB cause different cardiomyopathies, skeletal myopathies mainly myofibrillar myopathy, and also cataracts. In addition, defects in this gene/protein have been associated with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Gamma-crystallin D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYGD gene.

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNB2 gene.

Lens fiber major intrinsic protein also known as aquaporin-0 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIP gene.

Crystallin, gamma C, also known as CRYGC, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CRYGC gene.

Prospero homeobox protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PROX1 gene. The Prox1 gene is critical for the development of multiple tissues. Prox1 activity is necessary and sufficient to specify a lymphatic endothelial cell fate in endothelial progenitors located in the embryonic veins.

Beta-crystallin B1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYBB1 gene. Variants in CRYBB1 are associated with autosomal dominant congenital cataract.

Gamma-crystallin B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYGB gene.

Beta-crystallin A3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYBA1 gene.

Gamma-crystallin S is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYGS gene.

AP-3 complex subunit sigma-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP3S2 gene.

Heat shock factor protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HSF4 gene.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LRP1B gene.

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNB4 gene.

Beta-crystallin A4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYBA4 gene.

Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the B3GAT3 gene.

Beta-crystallin B3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYBB3 gene.

Gamma-crystallin A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYGA gene.

Lens fiber membrane intrinsic protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LIM2 gene.

Alpha-crystallin A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYAA gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000244752 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000042240 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Litt M, Carrero-Valenzuela R, LaMorticella DM, Schultz DW, Mitchell TN, Kramer P, Maumenee IH (Jul 1997). "Autosomal dominant cerulean cataract is associated with a chain termination mutation in the human beta-crystallin gene CRYBB2". Hum Mol Genet. 6 (5): 665–8. doi: 10.1093/hmg/6.5.665 . PMID 9158139.
↑ Chambers C, Russell P (Dec 1993). "Sequence of the human lens beta B2-crystallin-encoding cDNA". Gene. 133 (2): 295–9. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(93)90655-M. PMID 8224918.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: CRYBB2 crystallin, beta B2".
1 2 3 4 Fu L, Liang JJ (February 2002). "Detection of protein-protein interactions among lens crystallins in a mammalian two-hybrid system assay". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (6): 4255–60. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110027200 . PMID 11700327.

External links

Human CRYBB2 genome location and CRYBB2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .

Datiles MB, Schumer DJ, Zigler JS, et al. (1992). "Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of human lens proteins". Curr. Eye Res. 11 (7): 669–77. doi:10.3109/02713689209000740. PMID 1521468.
Hulsebos TJ, Bijlsma EK, Geurts van Kessel AH, et al. (1991). "Direct assignment of the human beta B2 and beta B3 crystallin genes to 22q11.2----q12: markers for neurofibromatosis 2". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 56 (3–4): 171–5. doi:10.1159/000133080. PMID 2055112.
Aarts HJ, Den Dunnen JT, Lubsen NH, Schoenmakers JG (1988). "Linkage between the beta B2 and beta B3 crystallin genes in man and rat: a remnant of an ancient beta-crystallin gene cluster". Gene. 59 (1): 127–35. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(87)90273-3. PMID 3436525.
Miesbauer LR, Zhou X, Yang Z, et al. (1994). "Post-translational modifications of water-soluble human lens crystallins from young adults". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (17): 12494–502. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)99902-3 . PMID 8175657.
Miesbauer LR, Smith JB, Smith DL (1993). "Amino acid sequence of human lens beta B2-crystallin". Protein Sci. 2 (2): 290–1. doi:10.1002/pro.5560020217. PMC 2142348 . PMID 8443605.
Kramer P, Yount J, Mitchell T, et al. (1996). "A second gene for cerulean cataracts maps to the beta crystallin region on chromosome 22". Genomics. 35 (3): 539–42. doi: 10.1006/geno.1996.0395 . PMID 8812489.
Lampi KJ, Ma Z, Shih M, et al. (1997). "Sequence analysis of betaA3, betaB3, and betaA4 crystallins completes the identification of the major proteins in young human lens". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (4): 2268–75. doi: 10.1074/jbc.272.4.2268 . PMID 8999933.
Gill D, Klose R, Munier FL, et al. (2000). "Genetic heterogeneity of the Coppock-like cataract: a mutation in CRYBB2 on chromosome 22q11.2". Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 41 (1): 159–65. PMID 10634616.
Hanson SR, Hasan A, Smith DL, Smith JB (2000). "The major in vivo modifications of the human water-insoluble lens crystallins are disulfide bonds, deamidation, methionine oxidation and backbone cleavage". Exp. Eye Res. 71 (2): 195–207. doi:10.1006/exer.2000.0868. PMID 10930324.
Vanita, Sarhadi V; Reis A; et al. (2001). "A unique form of autosomal dominant cataract explained by gene conversion between beta-crystallin B2 and its pseudogene". J. Med. Genet. 38 (6): 392–6. doi:10.1136/jmg.38.6.392. PMC 1734905 . PMID 11424921.
Fu L, Liang JJ (2002). "Detection of protein-protein interactions among lens crystallins in a mammalian two-hybrid system assay". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (6): 4255–60. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110027200 . PMID 11700327.
MacCoss MJ, McDonald WH, Saraf A, et al. (2002). "Shotgun identification of protein modifications from protein complexes and lens tissue". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (12): 7900–5. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.7900M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.122231399 . PMC 122992 . PMID 12060738.
Fu L, Liang JJ (2003). "Unfolding of human lens recombinant betaB2- and gammaC-crystallins". J. Struct. Biol. 139 (3): 191–8. doi:10.1016/S1047-8477(02)00545-2. PMID 12457849.
Srivastava OP, Srivastava K (2003). "BetaB2-crystallin undergoes extensive truncation during aging in human lenses". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 301 (1): 44–9. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02975-3. PMID 12535638.
MacDonald JT, Purkiss AG, Smith MA, et al. (2005). "Unfolding crystallins: The destabilizing role of a β-hairpin cysteine in BetaB2-crystallin by simulation and experiment". Protein Science . 14 (5): 1282–1292. doi:10.1110/ps.041227805. PMC 2253261 . PMID 15840832.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000244752 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000042240 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid9158139-5] Litt M, Carrero-Valenzuela R, LaMorticella DM, Schultz DW, Mitchell TN, Kramer P, Maumenee IH (Jul 1997). "Autosomal dominant cerulean cataract is associated with a chain termination mutation in the human beta-crystallin gene CRYBB2". Hum Mol Genet. 6 (5): 665–8. doi: 10.1093/hmg/6.5.665 . PMID 9158139.

[pmid8224918-6] Chambers C, Russell P (Dec 1993). "Sequence of the human lens beta B2-crystallin-encoding cDNA". Gene. 133 (2): 295–9. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(93)90655-M. PMID 8224918.

[entrez-7] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: CRYBB2 crystallin, beta B2".

[pmid11700327-8] 1 2 3 4 Fu L, Liang JJ (February 2002). "Detection of protein-protein interactions among lens crystallins in a mammalian two-hybrid system assay". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (6): 4255–60. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110027200 . PMID 11700327.

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