| Carex firma | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Cyperaceae |
| Genus: | Carex |
| Subgenus: | Carex subg. Carex |
| Section: | Carex sect. Frigidae |
| Species: | C. firma |
| Binomial name | |
| Carex firma | |
Carex firma is a species of sedge that grows in the mountains of southern and central Europe.
Carex firma forms thick cushions. Its leaves are up to 8 centimetres (3.1 in) long in normal conditions (up to 10 cm or 4 in in moist, sheltered localities), dark green and stiff. [1] The stems are up to 20 cm (7.9 in) tall (exceptionally 30 cm or 12 in), but always at least twice as long as the leaves. [1]
In synecology, Carex firma is a characteristic part of the "Caricetum firmae" (also called "Firmetum"), which is an important community in the alpine zone over calcareous rock. [2]
Carex firma can survive temperatures as low as −50 °C (−58 °F). [3]
Carex firma was first described by Nicolaus Thomas Host in 1797, in his work Synopsis Plantarum in Austria provinciisque adjacentibus sponte crescentium. [4]
Donau-Auen National Park covers 93 square kilometres in Vienna and Lower Austria and is one of the largest remaining floodplains of the Danube in Middle Europe.
Micranthes stellaris, synonym Saxifraga stellaris, the starry saxifrage or hairy kidney-wort, is an Arctic–alpine species in the family Saxifragaceae. It produces panicles of 5–10 white flowers on a stem up to 20 cm (7.9 in) tall, rising from a basal leaf rosette. One subspecies is found from eastern Canada to Russia, including the British Isles, while another is found in the mountains of southern Europe.
Leontodon pyrenaicus is a species of hawkbit found in the Alps, Pyrenees, Cantabrian Mountains, northern Apennines and northern parts of the Balkan Peninsula. It grows in meadows and on stony slopes from the tree line to over 3000 m, usually on acidic soils. It is perennial, and flowers from June to August.
Doronicum grandiflorum is a European species of Doronicum, a member of the family Asteraceae.
Saxifraga cotyledon, the pyramidal saxifrage, occurs in the mountains of Europe and has rosettes about 20 centimetres (8 in) across of tongue-shaped leaves, beaded but not toothed. In May or June the tall panicles of white flowers, branched and pyramidal in outline, may reach 60 cm (24 in). It is one of Norway's two national flowers. Its relationship to the "silver saxifrages" remains to be resolved to full satisfaction.
Hydrocotyle vulgaris, the marsh pennywort, common pennywort, water naval, money plant, lucky plant or copper coin, is a small creeping aquatic perennial plant native to North Africa, Europe, the Caucasus and parts of the Levant.
Campanula gelida is a stenoendemic, critically endangered species of flowering plant in the bellflower family Campanulaceae. It is a perennial species that grows in the mountains of Hrubý Jeseník in the Czech Republic. It evolved through specialization of an isolated population of Campanula scheuchzeri, an Alpine species, which expanded to the area of the Sudetes during a colder period, probably the last ice age. It is closely related to Campanula bohemica, endemic to the Krkonoše Mountains. Sometimes it is even considered its subspecies and referred to as Campanula bohemica subsp. gelida. They all belong to the group of related species Campanula rotundifolia agg.
Papaver alpinum, synonym Oreomecon alpina, the Alpine poppy or dwarf poppy, is a poppy found in the Alps. The circumscription of the species varies considerably. In some treatments, the species is one of a group of related species, and includes several subspecies, four of which are found in Austria. In other treatments, it includes species that have been treated as separate, and has at most one subspecies.
Dianthus alpinus, the alpine pink, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae, endemic to the Alps of Eastern Austria. It is a short mat-forming herbaceous perennial, with linear to lanceolate leaves, 15–25 mm long and 2–5 mm wide. The flowers are a deep cerise pink with white spots, appearing from June to August.
Ajuga pyramidalis, commonly known as pyramidal bugle, is a flowering plant of the genus Ajuga in the family Lamiaceae. It is a native plant in Europe.
Rhododendron hirsutum, commonly known as the hairy alpenrose is one of the species of Rhododendron native to the mountains of Europe. It occurs widely in the Alps except for the southwestern region, and has become naturalised in parts of the Carpathians. It grows on carbonate-rich soils, whereas its close relative R. ferrugineum grows on acid soils; where the two occur together, they frequently produce the hybrid Rhododendron × intermedium.
Coleanthus is a genus of Eurasian and North American plants in the grass family. The only known species is Coleanthus subtilis. It has a scattered distribution, found on lakeshores, streambanks, and other wet places in central Europe, Asia, and northwestern North America.
Draba fladnizensis is a species of plant in the family Brassicaceae known by the common names arctic draba, Austrian draba, and white arctic whitlow-grass. It has a circumpolar distribution, occurring throughout the northern latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. It is present in Europe, Asia, and North America from Alaska across northern Canada to Greenland. Its distribution extends south through the higher elevations in the Rocky Mountains to Colorado and Utah. It is common and widespread in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, occurring on several Arctic islands including Baffin, Devon, and Ellesmere Islands. It is named after the Austrian village of Flattnitz, in the Gurktaler Alpen.
Galium laevigatum is a species of plants in the Rubiaceae. It is native to the mountains of southern and Central Europe: the Alps, the Pyrenees and the Apennines. It has been recorded from Italy, Switzerland, France, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Slovenia and Croatia.
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Gentiana pannonica, the Hungarian gentian or brown gentian, is a species of flowering plant of the genus Gentiana in the family of Gentianaceae.
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Media related to Carex firma at Wikimedia Commons