Chadian Social Action

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Chadian Social Action (French : Action Sociale Tchadienne, AST) was a political party in Chad.

French language Romance language

French is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the spoken Latin in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien) has largely supplanted. French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the (Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to France's past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French.

Chad Country in central Africa

Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in north-central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. It is the fifth largest country in Africa and the second-largest in Central Africa regarding area. "La Tchadienne" is the official anthem of Chad.

History

The party was founded in 1953. [1] An offshoot of the Chadian Democratic Union (UDT), it also represented French commercial interest and Muslim and African traditional chiefs, and its leaders included Gontchomé Sahoulba, Ahmed Koulamallah, Mohamed Bechir-Sow and Ahmed Kotoko. [1]

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The AST quickly superseded the UDT in importance, gaining support principally in Logone, Mayo-Kébbi, Ouaddaï, Batha and Chari-Baguirmi. At the same time the Chadian Progressive Party (PPT) started gaining support in southern Chad, helped by the extension of the suffrage in 1956. In the 1956 French National Assembly elections the PPT and AST each won one of Chad's two second college seats. However, the AST soon began to experience serious dissensions, resulting in Koulamallah and Sahoulba leaving the party, the latter forming the Grouping of Rural and Independent Chadians (GIRT).

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In the 1957 Territorial Assembly elections the AST won only seven seats, being defeated by the PPT (32 seats) and GIRT (9 seats). The 1959 elections saw the party win nine seats, and it was part of short-lived governments headed by Sahoulba and Koulamallah. However, when François Tombalbaye became Prime Minister, the party returned to opposition.

1957 Chadian Territorial Assembly election

Territorial Assembly elections were held in Chad on 31 March 1957. The result was a victory for the Entente alliance, led by the Chadian Progressive Party, which won 57 of the 65 seats.

1959 Chadian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Chad on 31 May 1959. The result was a victory for the Chadian Progressive Party, which won 57 of the 85 seats in the enlarged National Assembly.

François Tombalbaye President of Chad

François Tombalbaye, also known as N'Garta Tombalbaye, was a Chadian teacher and a trade union activist who served as the first president of Chad. The head of Chad's colonial government and its ruling party, the Chadian Progressive Party, after 1959, Tombalbaye was appointed the nation's head of government after its independence on August 11, 1960. He ruled as a dictator until his deposition and assassination by members of the Chadian military in 1975.

In February 1962 the party was banned, [1] with the PPT declared the sole legal party.

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References

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