Chisocheton Last updated June 26, 2025 Description Chisocheton is typically dioecious . [ 4] Flowers are usually unisexual, rarely bisexual, with a cup-shaped calyx . Fruits are one or two-seeded. Chisocheton habitats are rain forests, typically understorey trees, from sea-level to about 1,500 metres (5,000 ft) elevation.
The wood of several Chisocheton species is used locally in light construction. [ 1] In the Philippines , the seeds of Chisocheton cumingianus (known locally as balukanag ) are used to make a non-drying oil either for traditional medicine or as fuel for oil lamps. [ 5]
Leaf indeterminacy Unlike nearly all other seed plants, the leaves of Chisocheton have indeterminate growth - they never stop growing. Instead of forming a terminal leaflet , they form a small circinate leaf-tip bud, which produces new leaflets continuously, every few days or weeks until some physiological limit is exceeded. [ 6]
This trait is shared with a few closely related genera, such as Guarea . [ 7]
Species As of February 2024 [ update] Plants of the World Online accepts 50 species. [ 2]
Chisocheton aenigmaticus Mabb. – western Sumatra Chisocheton amabilis Miq. – Borneo, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, and southern Thailand Chisocheton cauliflorus Merr. – southeastern Philippines Chisocheton celebicus Koord. – northeastern Sulawesi Chisocheton ceramicus Miq. – Malesia, Papuasia, Thailand, and Vietnam Chisocheton crustularii Mabb. – Borneo (Sarawak) Chisocheton cumingianus (C.DC.) Harms – eastern Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, southern China, Borneo, Philippines, Sulawesi, Maluku Islands, and Papuasia Chisocheton curranii Merr. – Philippines (Luzon) Chisocheton diversifolius Miq. – Sumatra Chisocheton dysoxylifolius Kurz – Bangladesh, Myanmar, and Thailand Chisocheton erythrocarpus Hiern – Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, and Vietnam Chisocheton gliroides P.F.Stevens – southeastern New Guinea Chisocheton granatum Mabb. – Borneo (Mount Kinabalu ) Chisocheton grandiflorus Kurz – Myanmar and Thailand Chisocheton koordersii Mabb. – eastern Borneo and Sulawesi Chisocheton lansiifolius Mabb. – Borneo Chisocheton laosensis Pellegr. – Maluku Islands Chisocheton lasiocarpus (Miq.) Valeton – Papuasia and Maluku Islands Chisocheton lasiogynus Boerl. & Koord.-Schum. – Sumatra and western Java Chisocheton longistipitatus (F.M.Bailey) L.S.Sm. – New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Queensland Chisocheton macranthus (Merr.) Airy Shaw – northern Borneo and southern Philippines Chisocheton macrophyllus King – Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, Sumatra, and Nicobar Islands Chisocheton maxilla-pisticis Mabb. – Borneo and Philippines Chisocheton medusae Airy Shaw – Borneo Chisocheton mendozai F.H.Hildebr. ex Steenis – Philippines (Samar) Chisocheton montanus P.F.Stevens – eastern New Guinea Chisocheton novobritannicus P.F.Stevens – Bismarck Archipelago Chisocheton patens Blume – Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, and Philippines Chisocheton pauciflorus King - Peninsular Malaysia Chisocheton pellegrinianus Mabb. – Vietnam Chisocheton penduliflorus Planch. ex Hiern – Peninsular Malaysia and Peninsular Thailand Chisocheton pentandrus (Blanco) Merr. – Malesia and Thailand subsp. medius Mabb. – Borneo and Philippines subsp. paucijugus (Miq.) Mabb. – Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, and Philippines subsp. pentandrus – Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, Java, Philippines, Sulawesi, Lesser Sunda Islands, and Maluku Islands Chisocheton perakensis (Hemsl.) Mabb. – Peninsular Malaysia Chisocheton pilosus C.DC. – western New Guinea Chisocheton pohlianus Harms – eastern New Guinea Chisocheton polyandrus Merr. – northern Borneo Chisocheton rex Mabb. – Vanuatu Chisocheton ruber Ridl. – Borneo (Sarawak) Chisocheton sapindinus P.F.Stevens – eastern New Guinea Chisocheton sarasinorum Harms – northern and northeastern Borneo and Sulawesi Chisocheton sarawakanus (C.DC.) Harms – Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo Chisocheton sayeri (C.DC.) P.F.Stevens – New Guinea Chisocheton schoddei P.F.Stevens – southeastern New Guinea Chisocheton setosus Ridl. – northern Borneo Chisocheton stellatus P.F.Stevens – New Guinea Chisocheton tenuis P.F.Stevens – eastern New Guinea Chisocheton tomentosus (Roxb.) Mabb. – Peninsular Malaysia and Peninsular Thailand Chisocheton velutinus Mabb. – Borneo Chisocheton vindictae Mabb. – northern Sumatra Chisocheton warburgii Harms – northern Sulawesi and southeastern New GuineaReferences 1 2 3 Mabberley, David J.; Sing, Anne M. (March 2007). "Chisocheton Blume" . In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G.; Chung, R. C. K.; Kiew, Ruth (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak 6. Forest Research Institute Malaysia . pp. 115– 143. ISBN 978-983-2181-89-7 the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2014 . 1 2 3 Chisocheton Blume Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 10 February 2024. ↑ "Chisocheton " . The Plant List . Retrieved 8 February 2014 . ↑ Pennington, T. D.; Styles, B. T. (1975). "A Generic Monograph of the Meliaceae". Blumea . 22 : 419– 540. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.846.5119 . ↑ Orosa, Rosalinda L. "Tree of the month (part2) Balukanag (Chisocheton cumingianus )" . PhilStar Global . Retrieved 17 June 2018 . ↑ Fisher, Jack (13 June 2002). "Indeterminate leaves of Chisocheton (Meliaceae): survey of structure and development" . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society . 139 (2): 207– 221. doi :10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00050.x – via Oxford Academic. ↑ Steingraeber, David A.; Fisher, Jack B. (June 1986). "Indeterminate Growth of Leaves in Guarea (Meliaceae): A Twig Analogue" . American Journal of Botany . 73 (6): 852– 862. doi :10.1002/j.1537-2197.1986.tb12123.x . ISSN 0002-9122 . This page is based on this
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