Chisocheton

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Chisocheton
Fruits of Chisocheton paniculatus.JPG
Fruits of Chisocheton cumingianus subsp. balansae
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Sapindales
Family: Meliaceae
Subfamily: Melioideae
Genus: Chisocheton
Blume (1825) [1]
Species [2]

50; see text

Synonyms [2]
  • ClemensiaMerr. (1908)
  • DasycoleumTurcz. (1858)
  • MegaphyllaeaHemsl. (1887)
  • MelioschinziaK.Schum. (1889)
  • RhetinospermaRadlk. (1907)
  • SchizochitonSpreng. (1827), orth. var.

Chisocheton is a genus of trees in the family Meliaceae. [3] The genus name comes from the Greek schizos and chiton meaning "split tunic", referring to the lobed staminal tube of C. patens . Their range is from India and tropical China, throughout Malesia and south to New South Wales and Vanuatu. [1]

Contents

Description

Chisocheton is typically dioecious. [4] Flowers are usually unisexual, rarely bisexual, with a cup-shaped calyx. Fruits are one or two-seeded. Chisocheton habitats are rain forests, typically understorey trees, from sea-level to about 1,500 metres (5,000 ft) elevation.

The wood of several Chisocheton species is used locally in light construction. [1] In the Philippines, the seeds of Chisocheton cumingianus (known locally as balukanag) are used to make a non-drying oil either for traditional medicine or as fuel for oil lamps. [5]

Leaf indeterminacy

Unlike nearly all other seed plants, the leaves of Chisocheton have indeterminate growth - they never stop growing. Instead of forming a terminal leaflet, they form a small leaf-tip bud, which produces new leaflets continuously. [6]

This trait is shared with a few closely related genera, such as Guarea . [7]

Species

As of February 2024 Plants of the World Online accepts 50 species. [2]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Mabberley, David J.; Sing, Anne M. (March 2007). "Chisocheton Blume". In Soepadmo, E.; Saw, L. G.; Chung, R. C. K.; Kiew, Ruth (eds.). Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak. (free online from the publisher, lesser resolution scan PDF versions). Vol. 6. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. pp. 115–143. ISBN   978-983-2181-89-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 Chisocheton Blume. Plants of the World Online . Retrieved 10 February 2024.
  3. "Chisocheton". The Plant List . Retrieved 8 February 2014.
  4. Pennington, T. D.; Styles, B. T. (1975). "A Generic Monograph of the Meliaceae". Blumea. 22: 419–540. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.846.5119 .
  5. Orosa, Rosalinda L. "Tree of the month (part2) Balukanag (Chisocheton cumingianus)". PhilStar Global. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
  6. Fisher, Jack (13 June 2002). "Indeterminate leaves of Chisocheton (Meliaceae): survey of structure and development". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 139 (2): 207–221. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00050.x via Oxford Academic.
  7. Steingraeber, David A.; Fisher, Jack B. (June 1986). "Indeterminate Growth of Leaves in Guarea (Meliaceae): A Twig Analogue". American Journal of Botany. 73 (6): 852–862. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1986.tb12123.x. ISSN   0002-9122.