In biochemistry, a transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups from one molecule to another. They are involved in hundreds of different biochemical pathways throughout biology, and are integral to some of life's most important processes.
Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone), found in many plants, is a natural product belonging to the flavone class that is the aglycone of several naturally occurring glycosides. It is a yellow crystalline solid that has been used to dye wool.
The phenylpropanoids are a diverse family of organic compounds that are biosynthesized by plants from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine in the shikimic acid pathway. Their name is derived from the six-carbon, aromatic phenyl group and the three-carbon propene tail of coumaric acid, which is the central intermediate in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. From 4-coumaroyl-CoA emanates the biosynthesis of myriad natural products including lignols, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, aurones, stilbenes, catechin, and phenylpropanoids. The coumaroyl component is produced from cinnamic acid.
Flavones are a class of flavonoids based on the backbone of 2-phenylchromen-4-one (2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-4-one).
In enzymology, a caffeate O-methyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.91) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (EC 1.2.1.44), systematically named cinnamaldehyde:NADP+ oxidoreductase (CoA-cinnamoylating) but commonly referred to by the acronym CCR, is an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of a substituted cinnamoyl-CoA to its corresponding cinnamaldehyde, utilizing NADPH and H+ and releasing free CoA and NADP+ in the process. Common biologically relevant cinnamoyl-CoA substrates for CCR include p-coumaroyl-CoA and feruloyl-CoA, which are converted into p-coumaraldehyde and coniferaldehyde, respectively, though most CCRs show activity toward a variety of other substituted cinnamoyl-CoA's as well. Catalyzing the first committed step in monolignol biosynthesis, this enzyme plays a critical role in lignin formation, a process important in plants both for structural development and defense response.
In enzymology, a citramalate CoA-transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a citrate CoA-transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the following chemical reaction:
In enzymology, a glutaconate CoA-transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a succinyl-CoA:(R)-benzylsuccinate CoA-transferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a 2-ethylmalate synthase (EC 2.3.3.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an alcohol O-cinnamoyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a citrate (Re)-synthase (EC 2.3.3.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a decylhomocitrate synthase (EC 2.3.3.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a homocitrate synthase (EC 2.3.3.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a pinosylvin synthase (EC 2.3.1.146) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a cinnamate beta-D-glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
The biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids involves a number of enzymes.
Cinnamoyl-Coenzyme A is an intermediate in the phenylpropanoids metabolic pathway.
