Coppinsiella

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Coppinsiella
Coppinsiella ulcerosa.jpg
Closeup of apothecia of Coppinsiella ulcerosa
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Teloschistales
Family: Teloschistaceae
Genus: Coppinsiella
S.Y.Kondr. & Lőkös (2018)
Type species
Coppinsiella ulcerosa
(Coppins & P.James) S.Y.Kondr. & Lőkös (2018)
Species

C. extremiorientalis
C. fiumana
C. orbicularis
C. substerilis
C. ulcerosa

Contents

Coppinsiella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. [1] It contains five species of corticolous and saxicolous (bark- and rock-dwelling) crustose lichens with a distribution in Europe, Asia, and North America. Coppinsiella bears resemblance to the genus Athallia , but it is distinguished by its more developed thallus, typically featuring distinctive crater-like soralia and zeorine -form apothecia (fruiting bodies), which lack a thalline margin .

Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and László Sándor Lőkös in 2018 to contain three species previously considered as part of the "Caloplaca ulcerosa" species group. An additional species found in North America and Austria, named Caloplaca aff. ulcerosa, is thought to belong to the genus but has not yet been formally described. [2] Additional species were proposed for inclusion in 2022. [3] The genus name honours the British lichenologist Brian J. Coppins, who originally co-authored and formally described the type species. [2]

Coppinsiella is in the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the family Teloschistaceae. The genus is somewhat similar in morphology to Athallia but has a more developed thallus, crater-like soralia, and zeorine apothecia. [2]

Description

Genus Coppinsiella characterised by a crustose thallus, which is very thin and film-like. This thallus can be more or less continuous, and it tends to be either embedded within the substrate ( endolithic ) or within the bark of trees ( endophloeodal ). It may also appear minutely squamulose , with a grey to whitish colouration. When the thallus is yellowish, it reacts to a potassium hydroxide solution (i.e., the K spot test) by turning violet (K+ violet). [2]

Soralia, which are structures used for asexual reproduction, are scattered across the thallus. These can range from hardly noticeable to well-developed, immersed, and crater-like. They may also be irregular and confluent, sometimes forming on the margins of the thalline squamules (small, scale-like parts of the thallus) or within crevices in the substrate . The soredia, which are granular clusters of algal cells and fungal filaments produced by the soralia, are light greenish-grey and lack a greenish-blue pigment. [2]

The apothecia (fruiting bodies) are either zeorine (lacking a thalline margin ) or biatorine (having a thalline margin) in form. The thalline margin is thin and grey-whitish, tending to disappear over time. The apothecia have their own margin that is the same colour as the disc , which ranges from orange to bright orange and can be concave, flat, or convex. Coppinsiella has asci (spore-bearing cells) containing eight spores each. The ascospores are hyaline (translucent), bipolarilocular (having two compartments separated by a septum with a perforation), widely ellipsoid, and have a wide septum. [2]

In terms of chemistry, the thallus, soralia, and soredia are either non-reactive to potassium hydroxide (K–) if they are greenish-white or greyish-white, or they turn violet (K+ violet) if yellowish. The apothecia react to potassium hydroxide by turning purple (K+ purple). [2]

Habitat and distribution

Coppinsiella species primarily thrive on the bark of various deciduous trees, including species such as Ulmus (elms), Fraxinus (ashes), Tilia (lindens), and Acer (maples). Additionally, it can be found growing on the stems of steppe and maritime shrubs, often Limonium species. This genus often favours environments that are well-lit and polluted. It is also known to grow on limestone surfaces. Coppinsiella ulcerosa has a marked preference for coastal regions, whereas other species within the genus tend to have a more continental distribution. [2]

Geographically, Coppinsiella is predominantly found across Eurasia, ranging from Scotland, Southern Scandinavia, and Estonia in the north to the Mediterranean regions, extending from Spain to the Caspian Sea coast in the east, and reaching as far south as Israel. The genus also has a presence in North Africa and has been recorded in North America, though these recorded occurrences are less reliable. There are also some less certain records of Coppinsiella from the Southern Hemisphere. [2]

Species

Ivan Frolov and Ilya Prokopiev formally proposed Coppinsiella fiumana as a new combination to replace Coppinsiella orbicularis in 2022. [3]

Related Research Articles

<i>Athallia</i> Genus of lichens

Athallia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It was circumscribed in 2013 by Ulf Arup, Patrik Frödén, and Ulrik Søchting, and the type species is Athallia holocarpa. The genus name means "without a thallus".

<i>Opeltia</i> Genus of lichen-forming fungi

Opeltia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens.

Pisutiella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains five species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichens that are found in a variety of environments in the Northern Hemisphere.

<i>Kuettlingeria albolutescens</i> Species of lichen

Kuettlingeria albolutescens is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It occurs in Europe and Western Asia.

Caloplaca conranii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. The lichen has a bright yellow thallus about 1–2 cm wide, featuring a thick texture with convex, pustule-like formations around the edges and occasionally forming clusters in the centre. Its apothecia are quite large and heavy, ranging from 0.4 to 1.5 mm in diameter, with a flat, dull orange or brownish-orange disc, and long, narrow ascospores.

Caloplaca streimannii is a little-known species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in New South Wales, Australia, it is characterised by its powdery soredious mass and numerous tiny apothecia.

Sirenophila cliffwetmorei is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Australia. Its thallus can reach up to 1 centimetre in width, has a whitish to whitish-grey colour, and is very thin, sometimes almost merging with the substrate, and has paler edges with a darker grey centre. Its numerous tiny apothecia give the thallus a yellow-orange appearance.

Caloplaca letrouitioides is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen belonging to the family Teloschistaceae, described in 2011. It is known to occur in Victoria, Australia. The species was named for its superficial resemblance to species in the genus Letrouitia. The anatomical characteristics of Caloplaca letrouitioides, particularly the well-developed true exciple and the unexpanded paraphyses tips, along with the absence of algae in the apothecia, set it apart from other species in the genus.

Gintarasiella is a single-species genus in the fungal family Teloschistaceae. It contains the species Gintarasiella aggregata, a saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen that is found in Australia. The lichen forms uneven, pillow-like patches up to 30 mm across, distinguished by its yellow-orange areoles that are tightly packed or spread out and soon covered by many apothecia. These fruiting bodies start as zeorine in form and later become biatorine, ranging from 0.3 to 1 mm wide and often appearing distorted due to their dense clustering.

Caloplaca patagoniensis is a species of lignicolous (wood-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Chile. It forms small thallus patches, with distinctive areoles that change from whitish or greyish-yellow to deep orange or brownish-orange, often covered by a bright orange blastidious mass. Its fruiting bodies (apothecia) are dark reddish-orange and initially immersed in the substrate, while its spores are ellipsoid to elongated, and the species contains parietin, turning purple when exposed to a potassium hydroxide solution.

Caloplaca nothoholocarpa is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Chile.

Pyrenodesmia micromarina is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in the Eastern Mediterranean, specifically along the coasts of the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara in Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine. It grows on coastal rocks and occasionally concrete, often in Mediterranean scrub vegetation.

Caloplaca kiewkaensis is a species of bark- and wood-dwelling crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Described as a new species in 2011, this lichen is found in the Far East region of Russia, specifically within Primorsky Krai.

Kaernefia kaernefeltii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is widely distributed in Australia.

Kuettlingeria soralifera is a saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen species in the family Teloschistaceae, first described in 2006. It is similar to Kuettlingeria xerica but distinguished by the presence of soredia on its thallus.

Oxneriopsis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens.

Lazarenkoiopsis is a single-species fungal genus in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains Lazarenkoiopsis ussuriensis, a corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen species found in the Russian Far East.

Loekoesia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains three species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichens. Collectively, the genus occurs in South Korea, Mauritius, and the United States. The genus is distinguished by its grey, crust-like thallus, which can be either whole or divided into patch-like segments. Loekoesia lichens have bright white, rounded soralia, which produce bluish to whitish powdery propagules (soredia) and are arranged in irregular groups on the thallus.

Marchantiana occidentalis is a species of corticolous and saxicolous, crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Western Australia, usually as an inhabitant of dry twigs, bark, or wood of various plant species, but occasionally on granite rock outcrops. It forms a well-developed thallus, shiny and composed of tiny dark greenish to brown areoles, with sizes typically ranging from 5–15 mm, though larger aggregations are possible. It features numerous rounded apothecia scattered across its surface, varying in form and colour, with a distinct margin and disc.

Seawardiella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains two species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichens.

References

  1. ↑ "Coppinsiella". Catalogue of Life . Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 21 January 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Kondratyuk, S.Y.; Kärnefelt, I.; Lőkös, L.; Hur, J.S.; Thell, A. (2018). "Coppinsiella and Seawardiella – two new genera of the Xanthorioideae (Teloschistaceae, lichen-forming Ascomycota)" (PDF). Acta Botanica Hungarica. 60 (3–4): 369–386. doi:10.1556/034.60.2018.3-4.8.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Frolov, Ivan V.; Prokopiev, Ilya A.; Yakovchenko, Lidia S.; Galanina, Irina A.; Ezhkin, Alexander K. (2022). "Coppinsiella extremiorientalis (Teloschistaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), a new species from the Russian Far East and a new genus to the region". Phytotaxa. 549 (2): 219–229. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.549.2.7.
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