Corydalis aurea, also known as scrambled eggs, golden smoke, or golden corydalis, is a flowering plant in the poppy family (Papaveraceae). The plant has a broad range stretching across North America and is able to thrive within a variety of ecosystems. The plant possesses numerous distinct characteristics. Its fruit most closely resembles that of a pea pod and is typically around 3/4 of an inch in length. [1] The plant has numerous medicinal uses, as well as uses for gardens.
Corydalis aurea | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Ranunculales |
Family: | Papaveraceae |
Genus: | Corydalis |
Species: | C. aurea |
Binomial name | |
Corydalis aurea | |
Synonyms | |
Capnoides aureum(Willd.) Kuntze |
The flowers are bilaterally symmetrical, yellow, [2] 1 cm (0.39 in) long, with a pouch-like spur at the bottom of the petals [2] that is around 0.5 cm (0.20 in) long and born in racemes of up to 30 flowers, each on a short stem. The flowers have four petals and six stamens, [2] which classifies this flower under the Eudicots clade, also known as a monophyletic group. They are pollinated by insects. [3] The flowers are originally erect but droop as they age. [1] They flowers possess a green spot within the end of the tip's center that changes color as the flower reaches a later age. [1] The flowers possess Indeterminate growth phenology [3] and die when unable to handle environmental conditions. Their blooming season ranges from mid-winter to early fall, [3] depending on their location and habitat.
The seeds produced are not appetizing to taste and have been known to poison cattle and other animals due to the potentially toxic alkaloids they possess. [4] Although potentially toxic, they have been utilized throughout history for medical uses for humans. [3] The seeds disperse in two main manners, with those being through wind dispersion and through animal dispersion by ants. [5]
The fruits are cylindrical capsules. [2] They most closely represent a pea pod shape [1] and are typically a straight shape before curling in an upwards manner as its seeds prepare to disperse. [1]
Stems are decumbent, to 40 cm long, with blue-green or green-grey leaves divided into leaflets [2] with oval or diamond lobes. Because of their pointed nature, the leaves have an appearance that is most comparable to a feather.
The root is a branching caudex. The roots possess medicinal properties, having been used to treat headaches. [3]
Traditionally used by Amerindians, its use as a tea provided relief for heart diseases, backaches, stomach aches, menstruation pain, diarrhea, sore throats, and bronchitis, among other things. [3] The smoke and fumes produced from burning the plants' roots were used to relieve pain caused by headaches. [3]
Uncommonly used for artificial habitats such as a Rock garden.
Native to North America, Corydalis aurea ranges from western Quebec to California and can also be found in states such as Missouri, Texas, West Virginia, and along the New England states. [6] A winter annual, it can be found in areas such as the sagebrush steppe [2] but thrives in a variety of habitats such as mountain meadows, prairies, and in well wooded areas. [6] They can be found along the bottom of creek beds underneath shade and surrounded by thickets along gravel grades. [3]
Ptelea trifoliata, commonly known as common hoptree, wafer ash, stinking ash, and skunk bush, is a species of flowering plant in the citrus family (Rutaceae). It is native to North America, where it is found in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. It is a deciduous shrub or tree, with alternate, trifoliate leaves.
Artemisia tridentata, commonly called big sagebrush, Great Basin sagebrush or simply sagebrush, is an aromatic shrub from the family Asteraceae.
The Papaveraceae, informally known as the poppy family, are an economically important family of about 42 genera and approximately 775 known species of flowering plants in the order Ranunculales. The family is cosmopolitan, occurring in temperate and subtropical climates like Eastern Asia as well as California in North America. It is almost unknown in the tropics. Most are herbaceous plants, but a few are shrubs and small trees. The family currently includes two groups that have been considered to be separate families: Fumariaceae and Pteridophyllaceae. Papaver is the classical name for poppy in Latin.
Lathyrus japonicus, the sea pea, beach pea, circumpolar pea or sea vetchling, is a species of flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae, native to temperate coastal areas of the Northern Hemisphere, and Argentina.
Baptisia australis, commonly known as blue wild indigo or blue false indigo, is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae (legumes). It is a perennial herb native to much of central and eastern North America and is particularly common in the Midwest, but it has also been introduced well beyond its natural range. Naturally it can be found growing wild at the borders of woods, along streams or in open meadows. It often has difficulty seeding itself in its native areas due to parasitic weevils that enter the seed pods, making the number of viable seeds very low. The plant has low toxicity levels for humans.
Dicentra cucullaria, Dutchman's britches, or Dutchman's breeches, is a perennial herbaceous plant, native to rich woods of eastern North America, with a disjunct population in the Columbia Basin.
Dicentra formosa is a species of flowering plant in the poppy family, Papaveraceae. With its fern-like foliage and inflorescence of drooping pink, purple, yellow or cream "hearts", this species is native to the United States' Pacific Northwest and West Coast of North America.
Geranium viscosissimum, commonly known as the sticky purple geranium, is a perennial in the flowering plant family Geraniaceae. It is thought to be a protocarnivorous plant.
Pseudofumaria lutea, the yellow corydalis or rock fumewort, is a short-lived perennial plant in the poppy family Papaveraceae. It is native to the southern foothills of the south-western and central Alps of Italy and Switzerland, but widely introduced elsewhere.
Lathyrus niger, also known as black pea, blackening flat pea and black bitter vetch, is a perennial legume that is native to Europe. Its common name is reference to the blackening of the plant's foliage as it dies.
Asarum caudatum is a plant native to rich moist forests of western North America. It has heart-shaped leaves and a three-lobed purplish flower.
Collomia grandiflora is a western North American annual plant in the phlox family (Polemoniaceae), known by the common names grand collomia, large-flowered mountain trumpet, and large-flowered collomia. It usually appears in sandy habitats and is cultivated as an ornamental.
Gutierrezia sarothrae is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names broom snakeweed, broomweed, snakeweed, and matchweed. It is a subshrub native to much of the western half of North America, from western Canada to northern Mexico, and can be found in a number of arid, grassland, and mountain habitats. It can be toxic to livestock in large quantities, due mainly to the presence of saponins.
Zizia aurea is a flowering herbaceous perennial plant of the carrot family Apiaceae. It is native to eastern Canada and the United States, from the eastern Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast. The genus is named for Johann Baptist Ziz, a German botanist. The common name is based on the similarity to alexanders, another member of the carrot family from coastal areas in Europe and Northern Africa.
Senna marilandica, commonly known as Maryland senna, Maryland wild senna, and wild senna, is a perennial flowering plant in the pea family (Fabaceae) native to the United States. It blooms in the summer with yellow flowers, followed by long seed pods, and can grow up to 2 m (6 ft) tall. It prefers average to wet soil.
Stanleya pinnata is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae known as desert prince's-plume. It is a perennial herb or shrub native to North America.
Corydalis nobilis, the Siberian corydalis, is a perennial plant native to Siberia, Xinjiang and Kazakhstan. It was introduced to Europe by Linnaeus, who had asked his friend Erich Laxmann for seeds of Lamprocapnos spectabilis, but was sent seeds of C. nobilis instead. Both Lamprocampnos and Corydalis are members of the family Papaveraceae, with seeds having an attached elaiosome that makes them attractive to ants, which disperse the seeds.
Sesbania punicea is an ornamental shrub with reddish-orange flowers native to South America. It has deciduous leaves and grows to a height of 15 feet. This plant has a high demand for water, and thrives in swamps or wet areas. It requires a mildly acidic soil, with a pH between 6.1 and 6.5.
Vigna luteola, commonly known as the hairy cowpea and the Nile bean, is a perennial vine found in many tropical areas.
Corydalis incisa, incised fumewort, is an annual or biennial herbaceous species of plant in the poppy family. It is also known as purple keman or murasa-kike-man. Some authorities report it in the family Fumariaceae. The wildflower is native to Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and China, found in forests, clearings, and irrigation channels.