| Cubaris | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Cubaris murina | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Isopoda |
| Suborder: | Oniscidea |
| Family: | Armadillidae |
| Genus: | Cubaris Brandt, 1833 |
| Type species | |
| Cubaris murina | |
| Diversity | |
| at least 100 species | |
Cubaris is a genus of woodlice in the family Armadillidae. There are more than 100 described species in the genus Cubaris. [1] [2] [3]
Cubaris species have, on average, lower reproduction rates and longer lifespans than other genera of isopod.[ citation needed ]
Members of the genus Cubaris are well known for their ability to conglobate, or roll up into a ball, along with other genera such as Armadillidium.
Cubaris was coined in 1833, from the type species Cubaris murina . [4] In 1935, the genus Nesodillo was considered a synonym of Cubaris. Only in 1998 was Nesodillo re-established as a separate genus. The two genera still cause confusion when it comes to identification and classification, [5] and there are likely species in each genus that belong in the other. Cubaris pronyensis , Cubaris plastica , Cubaris incisa , and Cubaris pacifica are a few examples of Cubaris species which were placed in Nesodillo at some point. [6]
In recent years Cubaris has become a wastebasket taxon, resulting in many species being placed in the genus even when they do not necessarily fit the original description. This has resulted in Cubaris becoming a vague genus that often strays from its correct description. Researchers have recommended a comprehensive revision of the genus. [6]
Isopods considered part of the Cubaris genus are often in fairly high demand within the pet isopod hobby. Many of the Cubaris species within the hobby are either undescribed or unidentified, and are referred to as "Cubaris sp.", though some have ended up being moved to other genera. One example of this is Nesodillo arcangelii , which was incorrectly identified as Cubaris sp.
The hobby has expanded quickly in recent years, owed largely to Cubaris sp. "Rubber Ducky". This undescribed Cubaris species garnered significant online attention, due to its face resembling that of a rubber ducky. A number of isopod keepers credit this species for getting them into the hobby. [7]
The Gnathiidae are a family of isopod crustaceans. They occur in a wide range of depths, from the littoral zone to the deep sea. The adults are associated with sponges and may not feed. The juvenile form is known as a 'praniza', and it is a temporary parasite of marine fish. These forms are not larvae; Gnathiidae instead become parasitic during the manca stage. Mancae of the Gnathiidae closely resemble the adult form, however they lack the final pair of pereiopods.
Rhagonycha is a genus of soldier beetle belonging to the family Cantharidae. There are at least 140 described species recorded from Europe, North America and Japan, and thought to date from the Upper Eocene to recent periods.
Acanthocephalus is a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae, described as a genus in 1842.
Porcellio laevis is a species of woodlouse in the genus Porcellio. As the species epithet laevis as well as the vernacular name "swift woodlouse" suggests, the species is capable of quick bursts of speed when provoked.
The Cymothoidae are a family of isopods in the suborder Cymothoida found in both marine and freshwater environments. Cymoithoids are ectoparasites, usually of fish, and they include the bizarre "tongue-biter", which attaches to a fish's tongue, causing it to atrophy, and replaces the tongue with its own body. Ceratothoa oestroides is one of the most devastating ectoparasites in Mediterranean aquaculture. Around 40 genera and more than 380 species of cymothoid are recognised. Species of the Cymothoidae are generally found in warmer waters and rarely in the cool and cold climates.
Woodlice are terrestrial isopods in the suborder Oniscidea. Their name is derived from being often found in old wood, and from louse, a parasitic insect, although woodlice are neither parasitic nor insects.
Thomasia sarotes is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae. It is an upright, spreading shrub with purple, pink to mauve or white flowers and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.
Nematolepis is a genus of seven species of plants in the family Rutaceae, all endemic to Australia. They are shrubs or small trees with more or less flat leaves arranged alternately and flowers with five overlapping petals and ten stamens. Six species are found in eastern Australia and one in Western Australia.
Branchioplax is an extinct genus of crab which existed in Alaska and Washington during the Eocene period. It was first named by Mary Rathbun in 1916, and contains ten species, including Branchioplax washingtoniana from the Hoko River Formation, Branchioplax carmanahensis, and Branchioplax ballingi.
Scarabaeus puncticollis is a species of beetles belonging to the family Scarabaeidae.
Armadillidae is a family of woodlice, comprising around 80 genera and 700 species. It is the largest family of Oniscidea, and one of the most species-rich families of the entire Isopoda. Most of the armadillidae taxa are not monophyletic. Armadillids generally have a strongly convex body shape, with some rather shallowly convex. Like members of the woodlice family Armadillidiidae, armadillids are capable of enrolling into a sphere (conglobation), and are commonly known as pill bugs. Some species, however, have secondarily lost their conglobation ability. For example, a species exist in which the males lack the inner face of the coxal plates and are therefore unable to conglobate. Armadillids differ from the Armadillidiidae in that the antennae are fully enclosed within the sphere.
The family Munnopsidae is a family of asellote isopoda which is one of the most speciose and frequently collected of the known isopod families. As currently structured it consists of nine subfamilies, 44 genera and about 364 species. The Munnopsidae is frequently the most abundant and diverse isopod family in benthic deep−sea communities and also has a wide distribution in cold waters.
Elthusa californica is a species of isopod in the family Cymothoidae of the order Isopoda. E.californica is a saltwater parasitic isopod. Like many species of the Elthusa genus, E. californica was first placed in within the Liveneca genus, but later underwent taxonomic revisions.
Cubaris murina, commonly known as the little sea isopod or little sea roly poly, is a species of woodlouse in the family Armadillidae. It is found in North America, Africa, South America, Australasia, tropical Asia, and the Pacific Ocean.
Iridovirus armadillidium1, known formerly as Invertebrate iridescent virus 31 (IIV-31) and informally as isopod iridovirus, is a species of invertebrate iridescent virus in the genus Iridovirus. Oniscidea serve as hosts. Infection is associated with decreased responsiveness in the host, increased mortality and the emergence of an iridescent blue or bluish-purple colour due to the reflection of light off a paracrystalline arrangement of virions within the tissues.
Eunoe mammiloba is a scale worm described from the Black Sea from a depth of 0.5m.
Helicopsis filimargo is a species of air-breathing land snail, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Geomitridae from eastern Europe.
Plutarchia is a genus of chalcid wasp in the subfamily Eurytominae. Alexandre Arsène Girault first circumscribed the genus in 1925; its name honors Plutarch. The genus initially only comprised its type species, P. bicarinativentris, found in Australia. Subsequent species from South Asia and Nigeria have been described and transferred to Plutarchia.
Scutuloidea is a genus of isopods. All species in this genus are endemic to New Zealand.
Rhinomyza is a genus of horse flies in the family Tabanidae.
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