| Cundinamarca antpitta | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Grallariidae |
| Genus: | Grallaria |
| Species: | G. kaestneri |
| Binomial name | |
| Grallaria kaestneri F.G. Stiles, 1992 | |
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The Cundinamarca antpitta (Grallaria kaestneri) is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is endemic to Colombia.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The Cundinamarca antpitta was first discovered by Peter Kaestner, an American diplomat and amateur ornithologist who later became the first birder to see 10,000 bird species anywhere in the world. [2] The genus name Grallaria is from the Neo-Latin grallarius, meaning "stilt-walker". [3]
When first described, the Cundinamarca antpitta was believed to be most closely related to the Santa Marta antpitta; however, it has since been suggested to be more closely related to the brown-banded antpitta and Urrao antpitta, due in part to details of the immature's plumage. [4] The Cundinamarca antpitta has no known subspecies. [4]
The Cundinamarca antpitta is classified as being endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to its small range and habitat destruction. The species was classified as vulnerable as recently as 2012, but habitat destruction of up to 30% of the species' range is predicted over next 10-15 years, which will result in a population decline. [4] The antpitta's success in living in heavily disturbed forest, provided some tree cover remains, may make the species more resistant to local extirpation. [4]
Peter Graham Kaestner is a retired American diplomat and amateur ornithologist who most recently served as the chief of the Consular Section at the U.S. Consulate General in Frankfurt, Germany. From May 2013 to 2014 he was the Senior Civilian Representative in Northern Afghanistan, based at Camp Marmal, Mazar-e Sharif. From 2009 to late 2012 he was a senior inspector in the Office of Inspector General of the U.S. State Department. From 2006 to 2009 he was the Minister Counselor for Consular Affairs of the American Embassy in New Delhi, India. As Minister Counselor, he oversaw consular operations in New Delhi and the U.S. Consulates Generals in Mumbai (Bombay), Chennai (Madras), Hyderabad, and Kolkata (Calcutta). He retired from the Foreign Service in August 2016.
The jocotoco antpitta is an endangered antpitta, a bird from Ecuador and Peru. It was discovered in 1997, and scientifically described in 1999.
The Táchira antpitta is a cryptic bird species. It is placed in the family Grallariidae. Until 2016 this species had not been sighted since 1956, and was thought possibly extinct. However, in June 2016, scientists rediscovered the Táchira antpitta in Venezuela's El Tamá National Park.
The white-throated antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru.
Grallaria is a large genus of Neotropical birds in the antpitta family Grallariidae.
The Santa Marta antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The chestnut antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is endemic to Peru. In 2020, two new species previously believed to be populations of chestnut pitta were described: the Oxapampa antpitta and the Ayacucho antpitta; this has left the chestnut antpitta with a much reduced range.
The rufous-faced antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is endemic to Bolivia.
The great antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is endemic to Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The giant antpitta is a perching bird species in the antpitta family (Grallariidae). Rare and somewhat enigmatic, it is known only from Colombia and Ecuador. It is presumably a close relative of the similar undulated antpitta, G. squamigera, which occurs to the south of G. gigantea. The giant antpitta has three subspecies, one of which might be extinct.
The grey-naped antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is endemic to Venezuela.
The plain-backed antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in the Andes of Ecuador and the Venezuelan Coastal Range. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest and heavily degraded former forest.
The tawny antpitta or western tawny antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.
The chestnut-crowned antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest and heavily degraded former forest, which it has a much greater tolerance for than most antpittas. Usually this bird lives at elevations of 1,900 to 3,100 meters (6,200–10,200 ft).
The bicolored antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. In 2020, genetic evidence revealed that the bicolored pitta is a member of the rufous antpitta species complex. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The variegated antpitta is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in southeastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, the Guianas and the northern Amazon Basin. Its range extends to Venezuela in the northwest; in the Amazon Basin, it is found in the downstream half of the basin, as well as in the Atlantic outlet region of the neighboring Tocantins-Araguaia River drainage to the southeast. A minor disjunct population is in Peru, and an Argentinian population is found in the tongue of land between Paraguay and southern Brazil.
Watkins's antpitta or the scrub antpitta, is a species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.
The Urrao antpitta, also known as Fenwick's antpitta, is a highly threatened species of bird found in the understory of cloud forest in the Andean highlands of Colombia. The first published description used the scientific name Grallaria fenwickorum ; shortly afterward, a second description using the name Grallaria urraoensis was published. The editors of the latter recognized that the name likely was a junior synonym, but others have questioned the validity of the first description, and various authorities, including the International Ornithological Congress, have adopted G. urraoensis. Antioquia antpitta has been suggested as an English-language name compromise.
The Perijá antpitta is a species of bird in the antpitta family. It is endemic to the Serranía del Perijá on the border of Colombia and Venezuela. In 2016, it was elevated from subspecies of rufous antpitta to full species on the basis of its different vocalizations from the other members of the species complex.
The Muisca antpitta is a bird in the family Grallariidae. The species was first described by Frédéric de Lafresnaye in 1843. It was formerly considered to be the rufous antpitta, which in 2020 was found to be a species complex composed of 13 species, including the bicolored antpitta. It is endemic to the eastern Andes in northern Colombia and western Venezuela.
