Debian version history

Last updated
A screenshot of Debian 10 (Buster) with the GNOME desktop environment version 3 Debian10 Gnome.png
A screenshot of Debian 10 (Buster) with the GNOME desktop environment version 3

Debian releases do not follow a fixed schedule. Recent releases have been made around every two years by the Debian Project. The most recent version of Debian is Debian version 12, codename "Bookworm". [1] The next up and coming release of Debian is Debian 13, codename "Trixie". [2]

Contents

Debian always has at least three active branches at any time: "stable", "testing" and "unstable". [3] The stable branch is considered the primary release and what most people refer to when talking about Debian. The testing branch contains packages that have been imported from unstable. Testing has significantly more up-to-date packages than stable and is frozen some time before a release to become the next version of Debian. The unstable release (also known as Sid) is the branch where active development takes place. It is the most volatile version of Debian.

When the Debian stable branch is replaced with a newer release, the current stable becomes an "oldstable" release. When the Debian stable branch is replaced again, the oldstable release becomes the "oldoldstable" release. Oldoldstable is eventually moved to the archived releases repository. [4]

Naming convention

Debian distribution codenames are based on the names of characters from the Toy Story films. Debian's unstable trunk is named after Sid, a character who regularly destroyed his toys. [5]

Release cycle

Debian Unstable, known as "Sid", contains all the latest packages as soon as they are available, and follows a rolling-release model. [6]

Once a package has been in Debian Unstable for 2-10 days (depending on the urgency of the upload), doesn't introduce critical bugs and doesn't break other packages (among other conditions), it is included in Debian Testing, also known as "next-stable". [7]

On average about every two years, Debian Testing enters a "freeze" cycle, where new packages are held back unless they fix critical bugs. [8] [9] This frozen state lasts on average 7 months (but can be as short as one month). [8] Once Debian Testing doesn't contain any more release critical bugs, it is declared "stable" and released with a version number. [9]

Release table

Ver.Code­nameRelease dateFinal/latest release (date) No. of Archs. [i] Package count Linux
kernel 		End of supportReferences
BinarySourceSecurity Long-term Freexian ELTS [ii]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.90Old version, no longer maintained: ​26 January 19941 ? ? ?—NoneNone [12] [13]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.91Old version, no longer maintained: ​29 January 1994 ? ?0.99.14t— [12]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.93R5Old version, no longer maintained: ​March 1995 ? ? ?— [12]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.93R6Old version, no longer maintained: ​9 November 1995256 ?1.2.13— [12] [14] [15]
1.0​Never released————— [12] [16]
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.1Old version, no longer maintained: Buzz17 June 1996474 ?2.0— [12] [17]
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.2Old version, no longer maintained: Rex12 December 1996848 ?2.0.27— [12] [18]
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.3Old version, no longer maintained: Bo5 June 1997974 ?2.0.33— [12] [19]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.0Old version, no longer maintained: Hamm24 July 19982≈1,500 ?2.0.34— [12] [20]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.1Old version, no longer maintained: Slink9 March 19994≈2,250 ?2.0.34, 2.0.35,
2.0.36, 2.0.38		30 October 2000 [12] [21] [22]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.2Old version, no longer maintained: Potato14–15 August 20006≈3,900≈2,6002.0.38, 2.2.1930 June 2003 [12] [23] [24]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.0Old version, no longer maintained: Woody19 July 200211≈8,500 ?2.2.20, 2.4.1830 June 2006 [12] [25] [26] [27]
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.1Old version, no longer maintained: Sarge6 June 2005≈15,400 ?2.4.27, 2.6.831 March 2008 [12] [28] [29]
Old version, no longer maintained: 4.0Old version, no longer maintained: Etch8 April 20074.0r9
(22 May 2010)		≈18,000 ?2.6.18, 2.6.2415 February 2010 [12] [30] [31]
Old version, no longer maintained: 5.0Old version, no longer maintained: Lenny14 February 20095.0.10
(10 Mar 2012)		12≈23,000≈12,0002.6.266 February 2012 [12] [32] [33]
Old version, no longer maintained: 6.0Old version, no longer maintained: Squeeze6 February 20116.0.10
(19 Jul 2014)		11≈29,000≈15,0002.6.3231 May 201429 February 2016 [12] [34] [35] [36] [37]
Old version, no longer maintained: 7Old version, no longer maintained: Wheezy4 May 20137.11
(4 Jun 2016)		13≈36,000≈17,5003.225 April 201631 May 201830 June 2020 [12] [38] [39] [40] [36] [10] [41]
Old version, no longer maintained: 8Old version, no longer maintained: Jessie25–26 April 20158.11
(23 Jun 2018)		10≈43,000≈20,0003.1617 June 201830 June 202030 June 2025 [12] [42] [43] [36] [44] [10]
Old version, no longer maintained: 9Old version, no longer maintained: Stretch17 June 20179.13
(18 Jul 2020)		≈51,000≈25,0004.918 July 202030 June 202230 June 2027 [12] [45] [46] [47] [36] [10]
Old version, no longer maintained: 10Old version, no longer maintained: Buster6 July 201910.13
(10 Sep 2022)		≈59,000≈29,0004.1910 September 202230 June 202430 June 2029 [48] [49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] [56]
Old version, yet still maintained: 11Old version, yet still maintained: Bullseye14 August 202111.11
(31 Aug 2024)		959,55131,3875.1015 August 202431 August 202630 June 2031 [1] [57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [50] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66] [67]
Current stable version:12Current stable version:Bookworm10 June 202312.8
(9 Nov 2024)		64,41934,7806.1June 2026June 202830 June 2033 [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78]
Future release: 13Future release: TrixieTBATBATBATBATBATBATBATBA— [79] [80] [81] [82]
Future release: 14Future release: ForkyTBATBATBATBATBATBATBATBA— [83]
unstableSidRolling release22 [iii] >67,000 [iv] >32,000 [iv] 6.12.5——— [50] [80] [84] [85]
experimentalRC-BuggyRolling release? 13 ? [v] >9800 [vi] ~4500 [vi] 6.12——— [50] [80] [86] [87] [88] [89]
Legend:
Old version, not maintained
Old version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release
  1. ↑ The number of hardware architectures supported
  2. ↑ Extended long-term support (ELTS) provided by Freexian [10] but made available to all Debian users, as noted on official Debian pages. There is no kernel support, and only sponsored packages are supported. [11]
  3. ↑ Only 9 are candidates for stable releases.
  4. 1 2 As of 07/05/2022
  5. ↑ As of 28/09/2024
  6. 1 2 As of 28/09/2024

When a release transitions to long-term support phase (LTS-phase), security is no longer handled by the main Debian security team. [90] Only a subset of Debian architectures are eligible for Long Term Support, and there is no support for packages in backports. [91]

Release history

Debian 1.0 was never released, as a vendor accidentally shipped a development release with that version number. [92] The package management system dpkg and its front-end dselect were developed and implemented on Debian in a previous release. A transition from the a.out binary format to the ELF binary format had already begun before the planned 1.0 release. The only supported architecture was Intel 80386 (i386). [12]

Debian 1.1 (Buzz)

Debian 1.1 (Buzz), released 17 June 1996, contained 474 packages. Debian had fully transitioned to the ELF binary format and used Linux kernel 2.0. [93]

Debian 1.2 (Rex)

Debian 1.2 (Rex), released 12 December 1996, contained 848 packages maintained by 120 developers. [94]

Debian 1.3 (Bo)

Debian 1.3 (Bo) running twm Debian-bo.png
Debian 1.3 (Bo) running twm

Debian 1.3 (Bo), released 5 June 1997, contained 974 packages maintained by 200 developers. [95]

Point releases:

Debian 2.0 (Hamm)

Debian 2.0 (Hamm) running IceWM Debian-Hamm.png
Debian 2.0 (Hamm) running IceWM

Debian 2.0 (Hamm), released 24 July 1998, contained over 1,500 packages maintained by over 400 developers. A transition was made to libc6 and Debian was ported to the Motorola 68000 series (m68k) architectures. [98]

Point releases:

  • 2.0r1 (24 July 1998;26 years ago) [99]
  • 2.0r2 (29 August 1998;26 years ago)[ citation needed ]
  • 2.0r3 (21 September 1998;26 years ago)[ citation needed ]
  • 2.0r4 (7 December 1998;26 years ago)[ citation needed ]
  • 2.0r5 (15 March 1999;25 years ago)[ citation needed ]

Debian 2.1 (Slink)

Debian 2.1 (Slink) running a very early version of GNOME Debian-Slink.png
Debian 2.1 (Slink) running a very early version of GNOME

Debian 2.1 (Slink), released 9 March 1999, [100] contained about 2,250 packages. The front-end APT was introduced for the package management system and Debian was ported to Alpha and SPARC. [101] [21]

Point releases:

  • 2.1r1 (Possibly never released) [102]
  • 2.1r2 (27 June 1999;25 years ago) [103]
  • 2.1r3 (4 September 1999;25 years ago) [104]
  • 2.1r4 (15 December 1999;25 years ago) [105]
  • 2.1r5 (16 February 2000;24 years ago) [106]

Debian 2.2 (Potato)

Debian 2.2 (Potato) Debian-Potato.png
Debian 2.2 (Potato)

Debian 2.2 (Potato), released 14–15 August 2000, contained 2,600 packages maintained by more than 450 developers. New packages included the display manager GDM, the directory service OpenLDAP, the security software OpenSSH and the mail transfer agent Postfix. Debian was ported to the PowerPC and ARM architectures. [107] [23] [24]

Point releases:

  • 2.2r1 (14 November 2000;24 years ago) [108]
  • 2.2r2 (5 December 2000;24 years ago) [109]
  • 2.2r3 (17 April 2001;23 years ago) [110]
  • 2.2r4 (5 November 2001;23 years ago) [111]
  • 2.2r5 (10 January 2002;22 years ago) [112]
  • 2.2r6 (3 April 2002;22 years ago) [113]
  • 2.2r7 (13 July 2002;22 years ago) [114]

Debian 3.0 (Woody)

Debian 3.0 (Woody) running GNOME 1.4 Debian-Woody.png
Debian 3.0 (Woody) running GNOME 1.4

Debian 3.0 (Woody), released 19 July 2002, contained around 8,500 packages maintained by more than 900 developers. KDE was introduced and Debian was ported to the following architectures: IA-64, PA-RISC (hppa), mips and mipsel and IBM ESA/390 (s390). [115] [25] [26]

Point releases:

  • 3.0r1 (16 December 2002;22 years ago) [116]
  • 3.0r2 (21 November 2003;21 years ago) [117]
  • 3.0r3 (26 October 2004;20 years ago) [118]
  • 3.0r4 (1 January 2005;19 years ago) [119]
  • 3.0r5 (16 April 2005;19 years ago) [120]
  • 3.0r6 (2 June 2005;19 years ago) [121]

Debian 3.1 (Sarge)

Debian 3.1 (Sarge) Debian-Sarge.png
Debian 3.1 (Sarge)

Debian 3.1 (Sarge), released 6 June 2005, contained around 15,400 packages. debian-installer and OpenOffice.org were introduced. [122] [28] Point releases:

  • 3.1r1 (20 December 2005;18 years ago) [123] [124]
  • 3.1r2 (19 April 2006;18 years ago) [125] [126]
  • 3.1r3 (1 September 2006;18 years ago) [127] [128]
  • 3.1r4 (6 November 2006;18 years ago) [129] [130]
  • 3.1r5 (18 February 2007;17 years ago) [131] [132]
  • 3.1r6 (7 April 2007;17 years ago) [133] [134]
  • 3.1r7 (28 December 2007;16 years ago) [135] [136]
  • 3.1r8 (13 April 2008;16 years ago) this is the final update for codename Sarge. [137] [138]

Debian 4.0 (Etch)

Debian 4.0 (Etch) Debian-etch-gnome.png
Debian 4.0 (Etch)

Debian 4.0 (Etch), released 8 April 2007, contained around 18,000 packages maintained by more than 1,030 developers. Debian was ported to x86-64 (amd64) and support for the Motorola 68000 series (m68k) architecture was dropped. [139] [30] This version introduced utf-8 and udev device management by default.

Point releases:

  • 4.0r1 (17 August 2007;17 years ago) [140] [141]
  • 4.0r2 (27 December 2007;16 years ago) [142] [143]
  • 4.0r3 (17 February 2008;16 years ago) [144] [145]
  • 4.0r4 (26 July 2008;16 years ago) [146] [147]
  • 4.0r5 (23 October 2008;16 years ago) [148] [149]
  • 4.0r6 (18 December 2008;15 years ago) [150] [151]
  • 4.0r7 (10 February 2009;15 years ago) [152] [153]
  • 4.0r8 (8 April 2009;15 years ago) [154] [155]
  • 4.0r9 (22 May 2010;14 years ago) this is the final update for codename Etch [156] [157]

Debian 5.0 (Lenny)

Debian 5.0 (Lenny) DebianLenny.png
Debian 5.0 (Lenny)

Debian 5.0 (Lenny), released 14 February 2009, contained more than 23,000 packages. Debian was ported to the ARM EABI (armel) architecture. [158] [32] [33]

Point releases:

  • 5.0.1 (11 April 2009;15 years ago) [159] [160]
  • 5.0.2 (27 June 2009;15 years ago) [161] [162]
  • 5.0.3 (5 September 2009;15 years ago) [163] [164]
  • 5.0.4 (30 January 2010;14 years ago) [165] [166]
  • 5.0.5 (26 July 2010;14 years ago) [167] [168]
  • 5.0.6 (4 September 2010;14 years ago) [169] [170]
  • 5.0.7 (27 November 2010;14 years ago) [171]
  • 5.0.8 (22 January 2011;13 years ago) [172]
  • 5.0.9 (22 January 2011;13 years ago) [173]
  • 5.0.10 (10 March 2012;12 years ago) this is the final update for codename Lenny. [174]

Debian 6.0 (Squeeze)

Debian 6.0 (Squeeze) in Spanish Debian 6.0.2.1.png
Debian 6.0 (Squeeze) in Spanish

Debian 6.0 (Squeeze), released 6 February 2011, contained more than 29,000 packages. The default Linux kernel included was deblobbed beginning with this release. The web browser Chromium was introduced and Debian was ported to the kfreebsd-i386 and kfreebsd-amd64 architectures (while that port was later discontinued), and support for the Intel 486, Alpha, and PA-RISC (hppa) architectures was dropped. [175] [176] [34] [35]

Squeeze was the first release of Debian in which non-free firmware components (aka "binary blobs") were excluded from the "main" repository as a matter of policy. [177] [178] [179] [180]

Point releases:

  • 6.0.1 (19 March 2011;13 years ago) [181]
  • 6.0.2 (25 June 2011;13 years ago) [182]
  • 6.0.3 (8 October 2011;13 years ago) [183]
  • 6.0.4 (28 January 2012;12 years ago) [184]
  • 6.0.5 (12 May 2012;12 years ago) [185]
  • 6.0.6 (29 September 2012;12 years ago) [186]
  • 6.0.7 (23 February 2013;11 years ago) [187]
  • 6.0.8 (20 October 2013;11 years ago) [188]
  • 6.0.9 (15 February 2014;10 years ago) [189]
  • 6.0.10 (19 June 2014;10 years ago) this is the final update for codename Squeeze. [190]
  • Squeeze long term support reaches end-of-life (29 February 2016;8 years ago) [191]

Debian 7 (Wheezy)

MATE on Debian 7 (Wheezy) MATE 1.6 on-Debian-Wheezy.png
MATE on Debian 7 (Wheezy)

Debian 7 (Wheezy), released 4 May 2013, contained more than 36,000 packages. Support for UEFI was added and Debian was ported to the armhf and IBM z/Architecture (s390x) architectures. [192] [38] [39] [193]

Point releases:

  • 7.1 (15 June 2013;11 years ago) [194]
  • 7.2 (12 October 2013;11 years ago) [195]
  • 7.3 (14 December 2013;11 years ago) [196]
  • 7.4 (8 February 2014;10 years ago) [197]
  • 7.5 (26 April 2014;10 years ago) [198]
  • 7.6 (12 July 2014;10 years ago) [199]
  • 7.7 (18 October 2014;10 years ago) [200]
  • 7.8 (10 January 2015;9 years ago) [201]
  • Debian 8.0 codename Jessie releases, Wheezy becomes oldstable (25 April 2015;9 years ago)
  • 7.9 (5 September 2015;9 years ago) [202]
  • 7.10 (2 April 2016;8 years ago) [203]
  • 7.11 (4 June 2016;8 years ago) this is the final update for codename Wheezy. [204]
  • Debian 9.0 codename Stretch releases, Wheezy becomes oldoldstable (17 June 2017;7 years ago)
  • Wheezy long term support reached end-of-life (1 June 2018;6 years ago) [205]
  • Wheezy extended long term support reached end-of-life (30 June 2020;4 years ago). [206]

Debian 8 (Jessie)

Debian 8 (Jessie) Debian 8.2 GNOME desktop.png
Debian 8 (Jessie)

Debian 8 (Jessie), released 25 April 2015, contained more than 43,000 packages, with systemd installed by default instead of init. (sysvinit and upstart packages are provided as alternatives.) Debian was ported to the ARM64 and ppc64le architectures, while support for the IA-64, kfreebsd-amd64 and kfreebsd-i386, IBM ESA/390 (s390) (only the 31-bit variant; the newer 64-bit s390x was retained) and SPARC architectures were dropped. [207] [208] [43]

Long term support ended June 2020. [209]

Point releases:

  • 8.1 (6 June 2015;9 years ago) [210]
  • 8.2 (5 September 2015;9 years ago) [211]
  • 8.3 (23 January 2016;8 years ago) [212]
  • 8.4 (2 April 2016;8 years ago) [213]
  • 8.5 (4 June 2016;8 years ago) [214]
  • 8.6 (17 September 2016;8 years ago) [215]
  • 8.7 (14 January 2017;7 years ago) [216]
  • 8.8 (6 May 2017;7 years ago) [217]
  • Debian 9.0 codename Stretch releases, Jessie becomes oldstable (17 June 2017;7 years ago)
  • 8.9 (22 July 2017;7 years ago) [218]
  • 8.10 (9 December 2017;7 years ago) [219]
  • Regular security support updates have been discontinued (17 June 2018;6 years ago) [209]
  • 8.11 (23 June 2018;6 years ago) this is the final update for codename Jessie. [220]
  • Debian 10.0 codename Buster releases, Jessie becomes oldoldstable (6 July 2019;5 years ago)
  • Jessie long term support reaches end-of-life (30 June 2020;4 years ago) [205]
  • Jessie extended long term support reaches end-of-life (30 June 2025;6 months' time) [206]

Debian 9 (Stretch)

Debian 9 (Stretch) with GNOME Debian 9 (Stretch) with GNOME Shell 3.22.png
Debian 9 (Stretch) with GNOME

Debian 9 (Stretch) was released on 17 June 2017, two years and two months after Debian 8.0, and contained more than 51,000 packages. [45] The final minor update, called a "point release", is version 9.13, [221] released on 18 July 2020;4 years ago. Major upgrades include the Linux kernel going from version 3.16 to 4.9, GNOME desktop version going from 3.14 to 3.22, KDE Plasma 4 was upgraded to Plasma 5, LibreOffice 4.3 upgraded to 5.2 and Qt upgraded from 4.8 to 5.7. LXQt has been added as well.

The Intel i586 (Pentium), i586/i686 hybrid and PowerPC architectures are no longer supported as of Stretch. [222] [223] [224]

Point releases:

  • 9.1 (22 July 2017;7 years ago) [225]
  • 9.2 (7 October 2017;7 years ago) [226]
  • 9.3 (9 December 2017;7 years ago) [227]
  • 9.4 (10 March 2018;6 years ago) [228]
  • 9.5 (14 July 2018;6 years ago) [229]
  • 9.6 (10 November 2018;6 years ago) [230]
  • 9.7 (23 January 2019;5 years ago) [231]
  • 9.8 (16 February 2019;5 years ago) [232]
  • 9.9 (27 April 2019;5 years ago) [233]
  • Stretch becomes oldstable, Buster becomes stable release (6 July 2019;5 years ago)
  • 9.10 (7 September 2019;5 years ago) [234]
  • 9.11 (8 September 2019;5 years ago) [235]
  • 9.12 (8 February 2020;4 years ago) [236]
  • 9.13 (18 July 2020;4 years ago) this is the final update for codename Stretch. [237]
  • Stretch long term support reaches end-of-life (30 June 2022;2 years ago) [238]
  • Stretch extended long term support reaches end-of-life (30 June 2027;2 years' time) [206]

Debian 10 (Buster)

Debian 10 (Buster) with GNOME Debian 10 Buster GNOME.png
Debian 10 (Buster) with GNOME

Debian 10 (Buster) was released on 6 July 2019;5 years ago. It was two years and a month after Debian 9 (Stretch). [48] Debian 10 contains 57,703 packages, supports UEFI Secure Boot, [239] has AppArmor enabled by default, uses LUKS2 as the default LUKS format, and uses Wayland for GNOME by default.[ citation needed ]

Debian 10 ships with Linux kernel version 4.19. [240] Available desktops include Cinnamon 3.8, GNOME 3.30, KDE Plasma 5.14, LXDE 0.99.2, LXQt 0.14, MATE 1.20, Xfce 4.12. Key application software includes LibreOffice 6.1 for office productivity, VLC 3.0 for media viewing, and Firefox ESR for web browsing. [241]

Point releases:

  • 10.1 (7 September 2019;5 years ago) [242] [243]
  • 10.2 (16 November 2019;5 years ago) [244]
  • 10.3 (8 February 2020;4 years ago) [245]
  • 10.4 (9 May 2020;4 years ago) [246]
  • 10.5 (1 August 2020;4 years ago) [247]
  • 10.6 (26 September 2020;4 years ago) [248]
  • 10.7 (5 December 2020;4 years ago) [249]
  • 10.8 (6 February 2021;3 years ago) [250]
  • 10.9 (27 March 2021;3 years ago) [251]
  • 10.10 (19 June 2021;3 years ago) [252]
  • Buster becomes oldstable, Bullseye is the current stable release (14 August 2021;3 years ago) [1]
  • 10.11 (9 October 2021;3 years ago) [253]
  • 10.12 (26 March 2022;2 years ago) [254]
  • 10.13 (10 September 2022;2 years ago) this is the final update for codename Buster [255]
  • Buster long term support reaches end-of-life (30 June 2024;5 months ago) [256]
  • Buster extended long term support reaches end-of-life (30 June 2029;4 years' time) [257]

Debian 11 (Bullseye)

Debian 11 (Bullseye) with GNOME Debian 11 with GNOME desktop.png
Debian 11 (Bullseye) with GNOME

Debian 11 (Bullseye) was released on 14 August 2021. [1] It is based on the Linux 5.10 LTS kernel and will be supported for five years. [258]

On 12 November 2020, it was announced that "Homeworld", by Juliette Taka, will be the default theme for Debian 11, after winning a public poll held with eighteen choices. [259]

Bullseye dropped the remaining Qt4/KDE 4 libraries and Python 2, [260] [261] and shipped with Qt 5.15 KDE Plasma 5.20. [262] Available desktops include Gnome 3.38, KDE Plasma 5.20, LXDE 11, LXQt 0.16, MATE 1.24, and Xfce 4.16. [263] [264] [265]

Bullseye does not support the older big-endian 32-bit MIPS architectures. [266] This is not to be confused with the more common i386 32-bit architecture which is still supported.

The first of the code freezes, readying Debian 11 for release, began on 12 January 2021. [267]

Development freeze timetable:

  • 12 January, 2021: transition freeze [267]
  • 12 February, 2021: soft freeze [268]
  • 12 March, 2021: hard freeze [269]
  • 17 July, 2021: full freeze
  • 14 August, 2021: release

Point releases:

  • 11.1 (9 October 2021;3 years ago) [270]
  • 11.2 (18 December 2021;2 years ago) [271]
  • 11.3 (26 March 2022;2 years ago) [272]
  • 11.4 (9 July 2022;2 years ago) [273]
  • 11.5 (10 September 2022;2 years ago) [274]
  • 11.6 (17 December 2022;23 months ago) [275]
  • 11.7 (29 April 2023;19 months ago) [276]
  • Bullseye becomes oldstable, Bookworm is the current stable release (10 June 2023;18 months ago) [68]
  • 11.8 (7 October 2023;14 months ago) [277]
  • 11.9 (10 February 2024;10 months ago) [278]
  • 11.10 (29 June 2024;5 months ago) [279]
  • 11.11 (31 August 2024;3 months ago); this is the final point release for Bullseye [280]

Debian 12 (Bookworm)

Debian 12 (Bookworm) with GNOME Debian 12 (Bookworm) - GNOME desktop.png
Debian 12 (Bookworm) with GNOME

Debian 12 (Bookworm) was released on 10 June 2023. [68] It is based on Linux kernel v6.1 LTS, and uses GNOME 43 as its default desktop environment, but as usual many other desktops are available, such as KDE Plasma 5.27, LXDE 11, LXQt 1.2.0, MATE 1.26, and Xfce 4.18. [281]

On 13 October 2022, the Release Team announced the freeze development milestone timeline for this release: [83] [282]

  • 12 January 2023: transition and toolchain
  • 12 February 2023: soft freeze
  • 12 March 2023: hard freeze

Point releases:

  • 12.1 (22 July 2023;16 months ago) [283]
  • 12.2 (7 October 2023;14 months ago) [284]
  • 12.3 (Cancelled, was intended to be released 9 December 2023;12 months ago) [285]
  • 12.4 (10 December 2023;12 months ago) [286]
  • 12.5 (10 February 2024;10 months ago) [287]
  • 12.6 (29 June 2024;5 months ago (delayed from 6 April 2024;8 months ago)) [288] [289]
  • 12.7 (31 August 2024;3 months ago) [290]
  • 12.8 (9 November 2024;37 days ago) [291] [292] [293]
  • 12.9 (11 January 2025;25 days' time) [294] [293]

Debian 13 (Trixie)

Debian 13 (Trixie) with GNOME Debian Trixie, 2024.12.12.png
Debian 13 (Trixie) with GNOME

With the release of Debian 12 on June 10, 2023, testing is now also known by the codename Trixie which is anticipated to be released as Debian 13 in 2025. [295] It is likely to use the v6.12 kernel, which will serve as the 2024 LTS release.

Debian 13 will add support for RISC-V, both the 64 bit version riscv64 and 32 bit version riscv32. [296] [297] [298] [299] [300]

Debian 13 will continue to support 32 bit x86 processors, however the lower limit is now i686. [301]

Debian 13 will drop support for the mipsel architecture. [302]

Key release dates: [303]

  • [TBA]: Transition and Toolchain Freeze
  • [TBA]: Soft Freeze
  • [TBA]: Hard Freeze - for key packages and packages without autopkgtests
  • [TBA]: Full Freeze
  • [TBA]: Deadline for unblock requests

Debian 14 (Forky)

Following the release of Debian 13 (Trixie), testing will also be known by the codename Forky which is anticipated to be released as Debian 14 in 2027. [304]

Release timeline

Debian version history

Port timeline

Debian version history

Many of past architectures, plus some that have not yet achieved release status, are available from the debian-ports repository.

See also

Related Research Articles

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