Diphenyl telluride

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Diphenyl telluride
Diphenyl-telluride.png
Names
IUPAC name
Phenyltellanylbenzene [1]
Other names
  • 1,1′-Tellanyldibenzene [2]
  • Benzene, 1,1′-tellurobis-
  • 1,1'-Tellurobis(benzene) [1]
  • Diphenyl telluride
  • Diphenyltellane
  • Diphenyltellurium [3]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.514 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 214-865-9
PubChem CID
  • InChI=1S/C12H10Te/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)13-12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H
    Key: XTCBHFKSTRGVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • C1=CC=C(C=C1)[Te]C2=CC=CC=C2
Properties
(C6H5)2Te
Molar mass 281.81 g·mol−1
Appearanceyellow oily liquid [4]
Odor Unpleasant
Boiling point
  • 182 °C (14 mmHg) [4]
  • 172 °C (10 mmHg) [5]
  • 110–112 °C (vacuum) [5]
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Toxic
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
250 mg/kg (rat, intraperitoneal) [1]
Related compounds
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Diphenyl telluride is an organotellurium compound with the chemical formula (C 6 H 5)2 Te . It is a yellow liquid or solid, depending on purity and temperature, and it has a strong refractive index [4] [5] . It is a member of the series diphenyl ether, diphenyl sulfide, and diphenyl selenide.

Contents

Preparation

Diphenyl telluride can be prepared by the reaction of elemental tellurium and diphenylmercury. [6]

2 Te + (C6H5)2Hg → (C6H5)2Te + HgTe

The reactants are heated to 220 °C (428 °F) for several hours in a melting tube filled with carbon dioxide. After cooling, a grey-black crystalline slurry permeated with liquid diphenyl telluride is obtained. Diphenyl telluride can then be isolated from the mixture using diethyl ether and filtration. After removal of the ether, diphenyl telluride as a yellow oily liquid remains. [6]

It can also be prepared by reflux reaction of diphenyl ditelluride and copper in toluene. [7]

Structure

Its molecule consists of two phenyl rings C6H5− bridged by a single tellurium atom.

Reactions

Diphenyl telluride decomposes upon heating to 312–320 °C (594–608 °F) to benzene and a bright-lustrous crystalline solid. [6]

Upon addition of hydrochloric acid, under heating and presence of oxygen, the diphenyltellurium(IV) dichloride is formed. [8]

2 (C6H5)2Te + 4 HCl + O2 → 2 (C6H5)2TeCl2 + 2 H2O

It reacts with iodomethane and silver tetrafluoroborate in 1,2-dichloroethane to obtain the salt of methyl(diphenyl)telluronium tetrafluoroborate [CH3(C6H5)2Te]+[BF4]−. [9]

Safety

Organotellurium compounds, such as diphenyl telluride, are cytotoxic, triggering cell apoptosis. [10]

References

  1. 1 2 3 "1,1'-Tellurobis(benzene)". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  2. ↑ "Diphenyl telluride". www.chemspider.com.
  3. ↑ "Diphenyl telluride | Chemical Substance Information | J-GLOBAL". jglobal.jst.go.jp.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Lederer, Karl (July 30, 1915). "Einwirkung von Phenylmagnesiumbromid auf Tellurdihalogene". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 48 (2): 1345–1350. doi:10.1002/cber.19150480223 – via CrossRef.
  5. 1 2 3 Steiner, O. (January 1, 1901). "Ueber Diphenyltellurid und das Atomgewicht des Tellurs". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 34 (1): 570–572. doi:10.1002/cber.19010340194 – via chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Krafft, F.; Lyons, R. E. (May 30, 1894). "Ueber Diphenyltellurid und ein Verfahren zur Darstellung von Sulfidon, Seleniden und Telluriden". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 27 (2): 1768–1773. doi:10.1002/cber.189402702119 – via CrossRef.
  7. ↑ Weiss, Robin; Aubert, Emmanuel; Pale, Patrick; Mamane, Victor (August 23, 2021). "Chalcogen‐Bonding Catalysis with Telluronium Cations". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 60 (35): 19281–19286. doi:10.1002/anie.202105482 – via CrossRef.
  8. ↑ Lederer, Charles (July 30, 1911). "Darstellung rein aromatischer Telluroniumverbindungen mit gleichen Kohlenwasserstoffresten". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 44 (3): 2287–2292. doi:10.1002/cber.19110440344 – via CrossRef.
  9. ↑ Groslambert, Loïc; Cornaton, Yann; Ditte, Matej; Aubert, Emmanuel; Pale, Patrick; Tkatchenko, Alexandre; Djukic, Jean-Pierre; Mamane, Victor (February 1, 2024). "Affinity of Telluronium Chalcogen Bond Donors for Lewis Bases in Solution: A Critical Experimental-Theoretical Joint Study". Chemistry – A European Journal. 30 (7): e202302933. doi:10.1002/chem.202302933 – via chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
  10. ↑ Sailer, Brian L.; Liles, Nathan; Dickerson, Sarah; Sumners, Scott; Chasteen, Thomas G. (August 2004). "Organotellurium compound toxicity in a promyelocytic cell line compared to non-tellurium-containing organic analog". Toxicology in Vitro. 18 (4): 475–482. doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2003.11.001.


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