| Dolopichthys | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Lophiiformes |
| Family: | Oneirodidae |
| Genus: | Dolopichthys Garman, 1899 |
| Type species | |
| Dolopichthys allector Garman, 1899 | |
Dolopichthys is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. These predatory, deep-sea fishes are found in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world.
Dolopichthys was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1899 by the American zoologist Samuel Garman when he described D. allector. [1] Garman gave the type locality of D. allector as the Gulf of Panama at 5°26'20"N, 86°55'W, Albatross station 3371 from a depth between 0 and 1,408 m (0 and 4,619 ft). [2] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies this genus in the family Oneirodidae in the suborder Ceratioidei of the anglerfish order Lophiiformes. [3]
Dolopichthys is a combinations of dolops or dolopos, a word meaning "ambusher", with ichthys, the Greek word for "fish". This name is thought to be a reference to these fishes lying in wait on the sea bed and attracting prey with the esca, or lure. [4]
There are currently seven recognized species in this genus: [5]
Dolopichthys is, like other deep-sea anglerfishes, sexually dimorphic. The metamotphosed females are distinguished from thos of Chaenophryne by the possession of spines on the sphenotic bone, a deep incision on the rear margin of the operculum, rod-like pelvic bones which may be expanded at its tip. Characteritics which distinguish them from the metamorphosed females of Oneirodes , Tyrannophryne , Phyllorhinichthys , Microlophichthys and Danaphryne include having almost stratigh dorsal edges to the frontal bones and a long, thin subopercle with a clearly oval ventral end. They differ from the metamorphosed females of Ctenochirichthys , Leptacanthichthys , Chirophryne and Puck in having a wide lobe to the pectoral fin which is shorter than the longest fin ray on the pectoral fin. The double head on the hyomandibular bone sepaartes this genus from Bertella and the caudal,peduncle having a depth of less than 20% of the standard length distinguishes it from Dermatias . The illicium emerges from the snout between the frontal bones, separating this genus from Lophodolos . In comparison to Pentherichthysthere is a spine at the symphysis of the lower jaw and there is no internal pigmentation on the rays of the caudal fin. Spiniphryne differs from this genus by having naked skin or only having tiny, scattered dermal spinules, which can be seen only through a microscope in cleared and stained specimens. [6] D. longicornis is the largest species in the genus with a maximum published standard length of 15.9 cm (6.3 in) while the smallest is apparently D. dinema with a maximum published standard length of 2.2 cm (0.87 in), [5] although this is only known from two specimens. [7] The males are non-parasitic with between 5 and 8 teeth in the upper denticular and between 8 and 10 in the lower denticular. The larvae, males and juvenile females have pigmented subdermal tissue on the caudal peduncle which is separated inro a dorsal, a lateral and a ventral groups. The largest male known had a length of 12.5 mm (0.49 in). [8]
Dolopichthys anglerfishes are found in the temperate and tropical oceans around the world. [5]
Leftvents are a family, the Linophrynidae, of marine ray-finned fishes which is classified within the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep sea anglerfishes. These fishes are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
The footballfish form a family, Himantolophidae, of globose, deep-sea anglerfishes found in tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Ocean. The family contains 23 species, all of which are classified in a single genus, Himantolophus.
Ceratiidae, the warty sea devils, caruncled seadevils or seadevils, are a family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep-sea anglerfishes, in the anglerfish order Lophiiformes. The warty sea devils are sexually dimorphic with the small males being obligate sexual parasites of the much larger females. The fishes in this family are widely distributed from polar to tropical seas around the world.
Oneirodidae, the dreamers are a family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. These fishes are deepwater fishes found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, and it is the most diverse family of fishes in the bathypelagic zone.
Thaumatichthyidae, the wolftrap anglers, is a small family of marine ray-finned fishes, also called the wolftrap seadevils, classified within the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep-sea anglerfishes. They have distinctive upper jaws with movable premaxillaries that can be lowered to form a cage-like trap around the much shorter lower jaw.
Bertella is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. The only species in the genus is Bertella idiomorpha and this can be distinguished from other members of the family by the structure of its hyomandibular bone.
Tyrannophryne is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. The only species in the genus is Tyrannophryne pugnax, the tyrant devil. Like other oneirodids, T. pugnax is a bathypelagic fish with a bioluminescent lure. It is known only from two adolescent female specimens, one caught in 1928 near Tahiti-Rarotonga, and the other in 1956 northwest of Bikini Atoll.
Gigantactis is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Gigantactinidae, the whipnose anglers. The fishes in this genus have a circumglobal distribution in the deep waters of the tropical and temperate zones of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
The whipnose anglers are a family, the Gigantactinidae, of marine ray-finned fishes which is classified within the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep sea anglerfishes. These fishes are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Ceratias is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Ceratiidae, the warty sea devils. This fishes in this genus are found throughpuit the world's oceans.
Linophryne, the bearded seadevils, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents. These deep sea anglerfishes are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Chaenophryne is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. These predatory, deep-sea fishes are found in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes, they are sexually dimorphic, with the matamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males. The males are not sexual parasites.
Danaphryne is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. The only species in the genus is Danaphryne nigrifilis which is found in the tropical and temperate regions of all of the world's oceans.
The plainchin dreamarm is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Leptacanthichthys. This species occurs in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans at depths down to 2,000 m (6,600 ft).
Microlophichthys microlophus, the short-rod anglerfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This anglerfish is found in the deeper waters of the tropical and temperate oceans around the world.
Microlophichthys is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. The species in this genus are found in the tropical and subtropical parts of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Oneirodes is a genus of is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. These predatory, deep-sea fishes are found around the world. This is the type genus, and the most speciose genus, of the family Oneirodidae. They are sexually dimorphic but, like most taxa within their family, the small males are free living and are not sexual parasites on the larger females. Only the females are used to identify the species in this genus as no species specific charaxcters have been found for males.
Pentherichthys is a monospecific genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. The only species in the genus is Pentherichthys atratus which is found in the bathypelagic zones of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. The males of this species are dwarfed and are not parasitic on the females.
Chaenophryne draco, the smooth dreamer, or smooth-headed dreamer, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. This predatory, deep-sea fish is found in the tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes, it is sexually dimorphic, with the matamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males. The males are not sexual parasites.
Oneirodes carlsbergi is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. This fish is found mainly in the tropical eastern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.