| Dormitator | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Dormitator maculatus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Gobiiformes |
| Family: | Eleotridae |
| Genus: | Dormitator T. N. Gill, 1861 |
| Type species | |
| Eleotris somnulentus | |
Dormitator is a genus of fishes in the family Eleotridae mostly found in marine, fresh and brackish waters on either side of the Atlantic Ocean, with one species occurring along the Pacific coast of the Americas. [2]
There are currently 5 recognized species in this genus: [3] [2]
Eleotridae is a family of fish commonly known as sleeper gobies, with about 34 genera and 180 species. Most species are found in the tropical Indo-Pacific region, but there are also species in subtropical and temperate regions, warmer parts of the Americas and near the Atlantic coast in Africa. While many eleotrids pass through a planktonic stage in the sea and some spend their entire lives in the sea; as adults, the majority live in freshwater streams and brackish water. One of its genera, Caecieleotris, is troglobitic. They are especially important as predators in the freshwater stream ecosystems on oceanic islands such as New Zealand and Hawaii that otherwise lack the predatory fish families typical of nearby continents, such as catfish. Anatomically, they are similar to the gobies (Gobiidae), though unlike the majority of gobies, they do not have a pelvic sucker.
Valenciennea is a genus of small, bottom-dwelling fish in the family Gobiidae. They are found over sandy bottoms, often at coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific. The members of the genus tend to rest directly on the substrate for extended periods of time. While this is a common behavior for members of the family, this genus also float motionless directly above the substrate, which is why they are sometimes called glider gobies. Their resting behavior has resulted in the vernacular name "sleeper gobies", which invites confusion with the related family Eleotridae. The members of this genus are known to be carnivorous sand-sifters; to eat, they simply engulf entire mouthfuls of sand which they expel through their gills. Specialized structures in their gills filter small crustaceans and worms as the sand is expelled. It is this specific trait that makes some members of the genus attractive to the marine aquarist, and they are often introduced into a marine aquarium for sand-sifting. Some of the species are known to be monogamous. The genus was named after notable French zoologist Achille Valenciennes. These fish are difficult to keep in a tank. Tanks with plenty of live sand and live rock are recommended. Offer foods such as sinking shrimp pellets. Fish may die even if eating properly.
Dormitator latifrons, the Pacific fat sleeper, is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae found on the Pacific coast of the Americas from around Palos Verdes, California, to Peru, where it can be found in stagnant or sluggish fresh or brackish waters or nearby marine waters. Males of this species can reach a length of 41 cm (16 in), while females grow to 39 cm (15 in). Most do not exceed 25 cm (9.8 in). A maximum weight of 1.2 kg (2.6 lb) has been recorded. This species is important to local commercial fisheries and is actively farmed.
Eleotris melanosoma, the broadhead sleeper or dusky sleeper, is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae native to marine, fresh, and brackish waters from coastal eastern Africa through southern Asia to the islands of the western Pacific Ocean. This species can reach a length of 26 cm (10 in). It is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries. This species has been introduced to the Panama Canal Zone.
The Gobiiformes are an order of fish that includes the gobies and their relatives. The order, which was previously considered a suborder of Perciformes, is made up of about 2,211 species that are divided between seven families. Phylogenetic relationships of the Gobiiformes have been elucidated using molecular data. Gobiiforms are primarily small species that live in marine water, but roughly 10% of these species inhabit fresh water. This order is composed chiefly of benthic or burrowing species; like many other benthic fishes, most gobiiforms do not have a gas bladder or any other means of controlling their buoyancy in water, so they must spend most of their time on or near the bottom. Gobiiformes means "goby-like".
Dorothea's wriggler, Allomicrodesmus dorotheae, is a species of fish in the monotypic genus Allomicrodesmus which is regarded by some authorities as being in the family Xenisthmidae, the wriggler family, but in the 5th edition of Fishes of the World this is treated as a synonym of the family Eleotridae, sleeper gobies. It is 5 cm (2.0 in) in length. It is known from just two specimens, one from the Great Barrier Reef and the other from the Marshall Islands. It has been collected from a depth of around 10 m (33 ft) in a channel in a reef. The specific name honours Dorothea Bowers Schultz, the wife of Leonard Peter Schultz, who illustrated the monograph in which this species is described, although not this species.
Otophidium is a genus of cusk-eels, part of the subfamily Ophidiinae in the family Ophidiidae. They are found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific.
Eleotris is a genus of fish in the family Eleotridae with a circumglobal distribution in tropical and subtropical regions.
Calumia is a genus of fishes in the family Eleotridae native to the marine waters of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.
Giuris margaritacea, the snakehead gudgeon, Aporos sleeper, or ornate sleeper, is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae found in marine, brackish, and fresh waters from Madagascar to Melanesia. This species grows to a total length of 29 cm (11 in) with a maximum recorded weight of 171 g (6.0 oz). This species is important to the local peoples as a food fish. This species is the only known member of the genus Giuris.
Gobiomorus is a genus of fishes in the family Eleotridae native to marine, fresh and brackish waters along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the Americas.
Leptophilypnion is a genus of tiny fishes in the family Eleotridae endemic to the Amazon Basin in South America. At less than 1 cm (0.4 in) in standard length they are the smallest sleeper gobies and among the smallest fish. The larger Microphilypnus sleeper gobies are also found in the Amazon, and sometimes occur together with Leptophilypnion. The bottom-dwelling Leptophilypnion are typically found in shallow, stagnant or slow-flowing water among soft debris, leaf-litter or water plants.
Microphilypnus is a genus of small fishes in the family Eleotridae native to the Amazon and Orinoco basins in South America. At up to 2.4 cm (0.94 in) in standard length, they are among the smallest sleeper gobies, but however larger than the Leptophilypnion sleeper gobies from the same region. The bottom-dwelling Microphilypnus are typically found in shallow water among leaf-litter or partially buried in sand, and they can be very abundant in their habitat. Their small size combined with a speckled and semi-transparent appearance makes them highly cryptic. They somewhat resemble certain freshwater shrimp, as well as Priocharax characins, and they sometimes group together. Microphilypnus feed on tiny invertebrates.
The fat sleeper is a species of fish belonging to the family Eleotridae, known for their flat heads; they are generally found in fresh water, usually found in lakes, ponds and rivers.
Caecieleotris morrisi, also known as the Oaxaca cave sleeper is a species of troglobitic fish in the family Eleotridae found in a single cave system beneath Presa Miguel Alemán reservoir, northern State of Oaxaca in Mexico. This species is the only member of its genus.
Thalasseleotris is a genus of gobies comprising two species in the family Thalasseleotrididae from the south-western Pacific Ocean in the seas off Australia and New Zealand. The generic name is derived from the Greek Thalassa meaning "sea" and the generic name Eleotris as at the time it was named the genus was considered to be in the family Eleotridae.
Goby is a common name for many species of small to medium sized ray-finned fish, normally with large heads and tapered bodies, which are found in marine, brackish and freshwater environments. Traditionally most of the species called gobies have been classified in the order Perciformes as the suborder Gobioidei but in the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World this suborder is elevated to an order Gobiiformes within the clade Percomorpha. Not all the species in the Gobiiformes are referred to as gobies and the "true gobies" are placed in the family Gobiidae, while other species referred to as gobies have been placed in the Oxudercidae. Goby is also used to describe some species which are not classified within the order Gobiiformes, such as the engineer goby or convict blenny Pholidichthys leucotaenia. The word goby derives from the Latin gobius meaning "gudgeon", and some species of goby, especially the sleeper gobies in the family Eleotridae and some of the dartfishes are called "gudgeons", especially in Australia.
Dormitator lophocephalus is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae found in Suriname, South America. Males of this species can reach a length of 9.0 cm (3.5 in).
Dormitator lebretonis is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae found in the Eastern Atlantic from Senegal to the Kunene River in Namibia. Males of this species can reach a length of 12.4 cm (4.9 in),
Dormitator cubanus is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae found in Cuba. Males of this species can reach a length of 9.4 cm (3.7 in).
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