The Dos Palmas kidnappings was a hostage crisis in southern Philippines that began with the seizing of twenty hostages from the affluent Dos Palmas Resort on a private island in Honda Bay, Palawan, by members of Abu Sayyaf jihadist group on May 27, 2001, and resulted in the deaths of at least five of the original hostages. Three of these hostages were American citizens, Guillermo Sobero, and a married missionary couple, Gracia and Martin Burnham.[1] At least 22 Filipino soldiers were killed in attempts to apprehend the captors and free the hostages in the 12 months following the initial hostage taking.[2] An unknown number of captors were killed by government forces.
During the crisis, the number of people taken captive varied greatly as more hostages were seized in numerous raids on the island of Basilan; therefore, the total number of people taken prisoner has been impossible to determine.[3] However, news reports suggested at least 100 hostages were taken and around 20 murdered in just over a year up until the final assault and freeing of Gracia Burnham on June 7, 2002.[3] Even some local and foreign journalists covering the high-profile kidnappings were themselves held captive for some time.[4]
Abduction
Gunmen arrived in two boats early on May 27, 2001, at a resort in Honda Bay to the north of Puerto Princesa on the island of Palawan. They proceeded to abduct without incident 20 people from the resort, including four resort staff and three Americans, identified as Martin and Gracia Burnham, missionaries from the state of Kansas who were celebrating their 18th wedding anniversary, and Guillermo Sobero, a Peruvian-born American from California.[5][2][6] Most of those seized were Filipino tourists. The hostages and their abductors travelled hundreds of kilometres back across the Sulu Sea to the Sulu Archipelago.[3]
Four Filipino nationals of the initial twenty hostages taken from the Dos Palmas resort were able to escape in the days up to June 1, 2001.[6] However, on June 2, a large group of up to 40 gunmen were able to take control of the Dr. Jose Torres Memorial Hospital and St.Peter's Church compound in the town of Lamitan, Basilan,[4] and would later state they had taken 200 people captive.[7] Authorities would only confirm about 20 people were seized, including patients and doctors from the hospital.[6][7]
Reportedly, the remaining hostages from the initial group taken in Palawan, including all three US nationals, were held in Lamitan. Witnesses in Lamitan described helicopters and infantry units pouring rockets and machine gun fire into the hospital and church compound as troops came under fire from rooftop snipers,[2] killing up to 12 soldiers, including an army captain.[7] Reports indicated 22 soldiers had been killed since the initial hostages were seized.[8]
Five more Filipino captives escaped during the fighting in Lamitan,[2][7] but Abu Sayyaf had killed two hostages in the days before, beheading one.[2] A large contingent of rebels reportedly broke through the military cordon during the night of June 4 while several members of their group stayed behind to hold their positions.[2]
President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo vowed to fight the rebels and warned the Abu Sayyaf group to give themselves up or be killed, stating in a television broadcast, "We will finish off all the bandits if they don't surrender at the earliest possible time... to the Abu Sayyaf: You have nowhere else to run."[2]
Further raids
By June 13, the number held captive was calculated at around 28 people, as 3 more people were found beheaded on Basilan.[9] One of the bodies was that of a Muslim cleric who had privately tried to negotiate with the kidnappers.[9] Abu Sabaya, the Abu Sayyaf spokesman, stated he had beheaded Guillermo Sobero on the Philippine day of independence, June 12, as the security forces would not halt a rescue operation. Sobero's death was later confirmed in October 2001, after his body was found in a shallow grave in Basilan.[10]
On August 2, 2001, suspected Abu Sayyaf militants captured 32 to 35 villagers in a raid on Balobo town in Lamitan.[11] However, on August 5, the Philippine Army rescued 13 of the Filipino hostages, including several children, after a gun battle with the Abu Sayyaf captors.[12] An army spokesman stated the hostages were freed before dawn, when the soldiers stormed the militants' hideout outside the town of Isabela and that the guerrillas had beheaded around 11 hostages,[11] while several others were either released or had escaped.[12]
According to American author Mark Bowden, Abu Sayyaf captors conducted numerous raids, "including one at a coconut plantation called Golden Harvest; they took about 15 people captive there and later used bolo knives to hack the heads off two men. The number of hostages waxed and waned as some were ransomed and released, new ones were taken and others were killed."[3] Four children, including two 12-year-olds, were among the hostages taken from the coconut plantation in the Lantawan area of Basilan, a military spokesman said.[13] The owners and a security guard were also taken, and two buildings, including a chapel, were burnt down during the raid a week after that in Lamitan.[13]
Conclusion of hostage taking
By October 2001 the Burnhams were among a group of 14 still being held by the guerrillas, according to three Filipino hostages who escaped from the group in mid-October.[10] Bertram Benasing, who escaped with his 14-year-old brother Zardi and Michael Abellion, said they had walked overnight after being sent to fetch water and bananas on the island of Basilan.[10] A video taken in November 2001 apparently showed the Burnhams in poor health, with Martin saying "each night I am chained to a tree by my left wrist."[1]
The kidnappers demanded $1,000,000 for the release of the Americans. A ransom of $330,000 was paid, yet the kidnappers refused to release them. On June 7, 2002, after over a year in captivity, Martin Burnham and a Filipino nurse, Ediborah Yap, died in an operation to free them, while Burnham's wife Gracia was wounded.[1] Martin was killed by three gunshots in the chest and Gracia was wounded in her right leg.[citation needed]
Upon hearing of Martin Burnham's death, the then US PresidentGeorge W. Bush expressed his grief, saying, "First let me say how sad we are that Martin Burnham lost his life... I'm pleased that Mrs Burnham is alive. That's good." Most other hostages were reportedly released for ransom.[1]
President Arroyo defended the operation, stating that "our soldiers tried their best to hold their fire for their (the hostages') safety. I salute our troops for their forbearance. The terror shall not be allowed to get away with this. We shall not stop until the Abu Sayyaf is finished. The battle shall go on, wherever it takes."[1]
Perpetrators
The perpetrators of the Dos Palmas kidnappings were identified as Ahmad Baky Abdullah, Adzmar Aluk, Sonny Asali, Haber Asari, Daud Baru, Abdulazzan Diamla, Tuting Hannoh, Margani Iblong Hapilon, Bas Ismael, Kamar Ilias Ismael, Alzen Jandul, Bashier Ordonez, Marvin Vincent Rueca, Guillermo Salcedo,[14] and Jumadil "Abu Hurayra" Arad, arrested in 2010.[15]
Subsequent events
The search for the hostages eventually led to a six-month deployment of 1,000 American troops, who provided training and support to the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). In July 2004, Gracia Burnham testified at a trial of eight Abu Sayyaf members and identified six of the suspects as being her erstwhile captors, including Alhamzer Limbong, Abdul Azan Diamla, Abu Khari Moctar, Bas Ishmael, Alzen Jandul and Dazid Baize.[citation needed]
On the morning of March 15, 2013, Abu Sayyaf member Jailani Basirul, who was involved in the kidnapping of 15 people from the Golden Harvest coconut plantation and had a ₱600 thousand bounty on him, was arrested in Zamboanga City by security forces.[18]
Abu Sayyaf commander Sihata Muallom Asmad, who was involved in the Golden Harvest plantation kidnappings, had a 5.3 million peso bounty on him when police and military attempted to serve an arrest warrant on him in Parang, Sulu on November 22, 2014. He resisted arrest, leading to a firefight with the joint police-military team that resulted in his death that day. In addition to the plantation kidnappings, he was involved in the kidnappings of Jehovah's Witnesses in 2002, a Taiwanese woman in 2013, and a German couple in October 2014.[19]
On November 23, 2016, the AFP awarded the reward money to the informant. 600,000 pesos were rewarded to another informant for providing information on Abu Sayyaf perpetrator Suhud Yakan, also involved in the plantation kidnappings, who was arrested in May 2014.[20]
On the morning of June 16, 2016, Abu Sayyaf member Adam Muhadam/Mahamdom, a perpetrator of the Lamitan siege and the Golden Harvest kidnappings, was arrested by a joint military-police operation in a public market in Zamboanga City. He was using the alias "Junior Hali".[21][22] The informant who alerted authorities to him was awarded the reward money in January 2020.[22]
On May 8, 2018, police arrested Langa Jamil Francisco, a member of the Abu Sayyaf involved in the Golden Harvest kidnappings, in Zamboanga City, where he was a resident of Barangay Tetuan with the alias "Teng".[23]
On February 3, 2019, two members of the Abu Sayyaf-Urban Terrorist Group involved in the plantation kidnappings, Haru Jaljalis and Pinky Ani Hadjinulla, were arrested by the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) in Zamboanga City.[24]
On May 16 of the same year, two Abu Sayyaf members involved in the plantation kidnappings, Azmier Maalum and Amar Assan were arrested in Taguig by a team operative from both the NBI and the Naval Intelligence and Security Group (NISG). Assan took Maalum into his household to help him avoid arrest.[25] Three more perpetrators in the kidnappings, Musa Tahil Sampang, Jamil Ibrahim, and Yong Aming, were later arrested by the NBI. Sampang, who was also involved in the Lamitan siege, was caught in Balanga, Bataan on May 20 using two aliases due to Assan's admission, while Ibrahim and Aming were both caught in Zamboanga City under the aliases "Malangka Dawasa" and "Jamil Taib", respectively, based on gathered intelligence.[25]
On June 5, 2019, two more Abu Sayyaf members involved in the Golden Harvest kidnappings, Canda Ibrahim Jamik and Majuk Amil, were arrested in Barangay Arena Blanco, Zamboanga City.[26] Another Abu Sayyaf perpetrator of the kidnappings, Ibno Ismael, was captured on June 26 hiding in Maharlika Village, Taguig, while another, Totoni Hairon, was captured soon after, hiding in Port Area, Manila. Ismael took the name "Abu Kodano" and worked as a construction worker, while Hairon worked as a security guard.[27][28]
See also
Captive (2016 TV series), a documentary series in which the Martin and Gracia Burnham hostage situation was featured
Abu Sayyaf, officially known by the Islamic State as the Islamic State – East Asia Province, is a Jihadist militant and pirate group that follows the Wahhabi doctrine of Sunni Islam. It is based in and around Jolo and Basilan islands in the southwestern part of the Philippines, where for more than five decades, Moro groups had been engaged in an insurgency seeking to make Moro Province independent. The group is considered violent and is responsible for the Philippines' worst terrorist attack, the bombing of MV Superferry 14 in 2004, which killed 116 people. The name of the group was derived from Arabic abu, and sayyaf. As of April 2023, the group was estimated to have about 20 members, down from 1,250 in 2000. They use mostly improvised explosive devices, mortars and automatic rifles.
The 2002 Zamboanga bombings were a series of attacks perpetrated on the October 2, 17 and 21, 2002, around the southern Philippine port of Zamboanga City, Mindanao island. Eleven people died and over 180 others were wounded in the four bomb attacks allegedly perpetrated by Islamic extremists with connections to the Abu Sayyaf insurgent group.
Abu Sabaya, born Aldam Tilao, was one of the leaders of the Abu Sayyaf in the southern Philippines until he was shot down by soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in 2002.
2000 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in the year 2000.
The Moro conflict was an insurgency in the Mindanao region of the Philippines which involved multiple armed groups. A decades-long peace process has resulted in various peace deals have been signed between the Philippine government and two major armed groups, the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), but other smaller armed groups continue to exist. In 2017, the peace council settled around 138 clan conflicts.
Isnilon Totoni Hapilon, also known by the nom de guerreAbu Abdullah al-Filipini, was a Filipino Islamist militant affiliated with ISIS. He was formerly leader of Abu Sayyaf Group, before its battalions pledged their allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. An April 2016 issue of ISIL's weekly newsletter Al Naba said that Hapilon had been appointed as "emir of all Islamic State forces in the Philippines".
Radullan Sahiron is a Filipino Islamic militant who is the leader of Abu Sayyaf. He is said to have taken command of the organization following the death of Khadaffy Janjalani in September 2006.
The 2007 Basilan beheading incident was an armed incident that took place in July 2007 between the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) rebels and the Philippine Army. The incident led to the execution of 14 or 23 members of the Philippine Marines; amongst them 11 were beheaded in the province of Basilan, which is located within the southern Philippines.
The civil conflict in the Philippines as of February 2019, consists of an insurgency pitting government forces against Maoist rebels, that began in 1969 during the rule of Ferdinand Marcos.
2001 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in the year 2001.
The 2000 Sipadan kidnappings was a hostage crisis in Sabah, Malaysia, and the southern Philippines that began with the seizing of twenty-one hostages from the dive resort island of Sipadan at approximately 6:15 p.m. on 23 April 2000, by up to six Abu Sayyaf (ASG) bandits. Taken hostage were 10 tourists from Europe and the Middle East and 11 Malaysian resort workers, 19 non-Filipino nationals in total. The hostages were taken to an Abu Sayyaf base in Jolo, Sulu.
This article contains a timeline of events from January 2016 to December 2016 related to the IS-linked Abu Sayyaf. This article contains information about the events committed by or on behalf of the Abu Sayyaf, as well as events performed by groups who oppose them.
The following is a list of attacks which have been carried out by Abu Sayyaf, a militant group based in and around Jolo and Basilan islands in the southwestern part of the Philippines, where for more than four decades, Moro groups have been engaged in an insurgency for an independent province in the country.
Abu Sayyaf was a radical Sunni Islamist group that has aggressively attacked civilians since the 1990s. It was notorious for beheading both military and civilian captives, especially when kidnap-for-ransom demands are not met. The victims included Filipinos, as well as foreign nationals. Abu Sayyaf primarily operated in western Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago of the southern Philippines.
The siege of Lamitan took place on 2 June 2001 when members of the Islamic terrorist group Abu Sayyaf entered the city of Lamitan, one of two Christian settlements in the predominantly Muslim province of Basilan in the Philippines. They took over a church and a hospital and held priests, medical staff and patients hostage. Government forces surrounded the Muslim extremists, preventing their escape. However, the Abu Sayyaf group managed to break out of the cordon by using their hostages as human shields.
The Summer 2016Sulu and Basilan clashes were armed conflicts that took place in two battlefronts on the southern islands of Mindanao, Philippines from 21 June to 12 July.
This is a chronology of the Moro conflict, an ongoing armed conflict in the southern Philippines between jihadist groups such as the Abu Sayyaf Group, the Maute Group, Jemaah Islamiyah, and Islamic State affiliates, mainstream separatist groups such as the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF), and the Philippine Government since 1971. Much of the fighting has been concentrated on the island of Mindanao and the Sulu archipelago, with spillover incidents and attacks occurring in the Philippine capital Manila and neighboring countries such as Malaysia.
Ariel Porfirio Oliva Querubin is a retired Philippine Marine Corps officer and a recipient of the Philippines' highest military award for courage, the Medal of Valor. He is the most decorated soldier in the Philippines.
On July 31, 2018, a bomb exploded in the town of Lamitan in Basilan, Philippines.
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