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Dutch people have had a continuous presence in New York City for nearly 400 years, being the earliest European settlers. New York City traces its origins to a trading post founded on the southern tip of Manhattan Island by colonists from the Dutch Republic in 1624. The settlement was named New Amsterdam in 1626 and was chartered as a city in 1653. [1] Because of the history of Dutch colonization, Dutch culture, politics, law, architecture, and language played a formative role in the shaping of New York City culture. The Dutch were the majority in New York City until the early 1700s, and the Dutch language was commonly spoken until the mid to late-1700s. [2]
Many places and institutions in New York City still bear a colonial Dutch toponymy, including Brooklyn (Breukelen), Harlem (Haarlem), Wall Street (Waal Straat), Bowery (bouwerij), and Coney Island (conyne). [3]
The New York Dutch Room at the Metropolitan Museum of Art features historical artifacts from Dutch homes in New York. [4]
The term "Knickerbockers" comes from a name assumed by Washington Irving in writing his work "Knickerbocker's history of New York", published in 1809. The title was used as an advertising scheme to announce the book, and since then the descendants of the Dutch in New York have been called "Knickerbockers." [5] Knickerbocker, or "knickers" refers to the breeches that the Dutch settlers would wear.
The African American Pinkster Committee of New York (AAPCNY) along with the African Burial Ground National Monument hold an annual pinkster celebration in New York City. Originally a Dutch Christian holiday celebrating Pentecost, pinkster has subsequently evolved into a primarily African-American holiday incorporating elements of Angolan, Congolese, and other African culture. [6]
The Saint Nicholas Society of the City of New York is a charitable organization whose membership is composed of men who are descended from New York's early inhabitants, many of whom can trace their ancestry back to the earliest colonial Dutch settlers. [7]
The Wyckoff House, an historic house in Brooklyn's Canarsie neighborhood, is the oldest surviving example of Dutch frame architecture in the United States, dating to 1652. [8]
List of former Dutch Reformed churches in New York City:
In September 1654, the first organized group of Jewish immigrants arrived in New Amsterdam. The group consisted of 23 Sephardi Jews from Recife who were fleeing the Portuguese Inquisition following the Portuguese conquest of Dutch Brazil. [9]
The Ansche Chesed synagogue on the Upper West Side was founded in 1828 by a group of Dutch, German, and Polish Jews who split off from Congregation B'nai Jeshurun. [10]
Temple Shaaray Tefila on the Upper East Side was founded in 1845 by 50 primarily Dutch Jews and English Jews who had been members of B'nai Jeshurun, and was officially chartered in 1848. It was initially an Orthodox synagogue, but slowly turned to Reform Judaism over the years. [11] [12] [13] [14]
Rabbi Walter S. Wurzburger, originally Würzburger,, a leader of Modern Orthodox Judaism and student of Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik, was born in Munich in March 1920 and emigrated to America in 1938.
Percival Goodman was an American urban theorist and architect who designed more than 50 synagogues between 1948 and 1983. He has been called the "leading theorist" of modern synagogue design, and "the most prolific architect in Jewish history."
The Angel Orensanz Center is an art and performance space at 172 Norfolk Street, between Stanton Street and East Houston Street, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was originally built as a synagogue, running through a succession of congregations and continues to be used as one occasionally as The Shul of New York.
Congregation Ahavath Chesed, also called The Temple Jacksonville, or simply, The Temple, is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 8727 San Jose Boulevard, in Jacksonville, Florida, in the United States. It is one of the oldest Jewish congregation in Florida and one of the first formally incorporated.
B'nai Jeshurun is a non-denominational Jewish synagogue located at 257 West 88th Street and 270 West 89th Street, on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, in New York City, New York, United States.
Ansche Chesed is a Conservative synagogue located at West End Avenue and 100th Street on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States.
The Indianapolis Hebrew Congregation is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 6501 North Meridian Street, in Indianapolis, Indiana, in the United States. It is the oldest synagogue in Indianapolis.
Congregation B'nai Israel is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 2710 Park Avenue, in Bridgeport, Connecticut, in the United States.
Temple Israel is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 3100 East Broad Street, in Columbus, Ohio, in the United States. Founded as the Orthodox Bene Jeshurun congregation in 1846, the congregation is the oldest Jewish congregation in Columbus, and a founding member of the Union for Reform Judaism. Its first religious leader was Simon Lazarus, a clothing merchant who founded what would become Lazarus department stores.
Temple Israel is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 130 Riverside Drive in Dayton, Ohio, in the United States.
Temple Shaaray Tefila is a Reform Jewish synagogue located at 250 East 79th Street on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States.
Congregation Shaare Emeth is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 11645 Ladue Road, in Creve Coeur, St. Louis County, Missouri, in the United States.
Joseph Newmark (1799–1881) was a Prussian-American businessman in New York City and Los Angeles and a member of the Newmark family of Southern California. He helped found Jewish congregations in both cities and later became an ordained rabbi.
Bernard Jacob Bamberger was an American rabbi, scholar, author, translator, head of major Jewish organizations, and congregational spiritual leader for over 50 years during the middle decades of the 20th century.
Samuel Myer Isaacs was a Dutch-born American educator, philanthropist and rabbi. He was the second Jewish spiritual leader in the United States to teach in English instead of Hebrew or German.
The Shul of New York is a Jewish liberal non-denominational congregation and synagogue that is located within the Angel Orensanz Center, at 172 Norfolk Street, Lower East Side, Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States.
Leo Merzbacher was a German-American rabbi who ministered in New York City. He was the first ordained rabbi in New York City and the first Reform rabbi in America.