Elaeocarpus ruminatus

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Elaeocarpus ruminatus
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Oxalidales
Family: Elaeocarpaceae
Genus: Elaeocarpus
Species:
E. ruminatus
Binomial name
Elaeocarpus ruminatus

Elaeocarpus ruminatus, commonly known as brown quandong, caloon or grey quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a tree with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, mostly more or less elliptic leaves, cream-coloured flowers with five petals that sometimes have a divided tip, and more or less spherical fruit.

Contents

Description

Elaeocarpus ruminatus is a tree that typically grows to a height of 20–40 m (66–131 ft) and has buttress roots at the base of the trunk. The leaves are more or less clustered near the ends of the branchlets, mostly more or less elliptic, 50–120 mm (2.0–4.7 in) long and 25–45 mm (0.98–1.77 in) wide on a petiole 20–45 mm (0.79–1.77 in) long. The flowers are borne in groups of up to twenty-five on a thin rachis 30–100 mm (1.2–3.9 in) long, each flower on a pedicel 3–6 mm (0.12–0.24 in) long. The flowers are cream-coloured and have five narrow egg-shaped sepals 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in) long and 1.5–2 mm (0.059–0.079 in) wide. The five petals are egg-shaped, the same length as, or shorter than the sepals, 4.5–5 mm (0.18–0.20 in) long and 1.5–2 mm (0.059–0.079 in) wide, the tip sometimes with one or two narrow triangular lobes. There are sixteen to twenty-two stamens and the ovary is covered with short, felted hairs. Flowering mainly occurs from November to February and the fruit is a more or less spherical drupe about 12 mm (0.47 in) in diameter. [2] [3]

Taxonomy

Elaeocarpus ruminatus was first formally described in 1872 by Ferdinand von Mueller in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae from material collected by John Dallachy near Rockingham Bay. [4] [5]

Distribution and habitat

Elaeocarpus ruminatus is widespread in rainforest at altitudes between 600 and 1,100 m (2,000 and 3,600 ft) in north-eastern and central-eastern Queensland. [3]

Conservation status

Brown quandong is listed as of "least concern" under the Queensland Government Nature Conservation Act 1992 . [6]

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<i>Flindersia bourjotiana</i> Species of tree

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Elaeocarpus arnhemicus, commonly known as elaeocarpus, blue plum, bony quandony or Arnhem Land quandong, is species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is native to northern Australia, New Guinea, Timor and certain other islands in the Indonesian Archipelago. It is a tree with narrow elliptic to lance-shaped or egg-shaped leaves with serrated edges, racemes of white or cream-coloured flowers and metallic blue fruit.

Elaeocarpus carolinae is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a tree with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, elliptic to oblong leaves with wavy-toothed edges, flowers with five white petals with lobed tips and spherical blue to purple fruit.

Elaeocarpus elliffii, commonly known as mountain quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, narrow egg-shaped leaves often with large domatia, flowers with five white petals with lobed tips, and more or less spherical fruit.

Elaeocarpus ferruginiflorus is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a small to medium-sized tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, flowers with five white petals, and dark bluish-grey fruit.

Elaeocarpus foveolatus, commonly known as white quandong or northern quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a medium-sized tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, variably-shaped leaves with serrated edges, flowers with five petals often with a few short lobes or teeth on the tip, and elliptic to oval fruit.

Elaeocarpus grahamii is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a small to medium-sized tree, sometimes coppicing, with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, flowers with five petals that have a frilled tip, and oval blue fruit.

Elaeocarpus johnsonii, commonly known as Kuranda quandong or Johnson's quandong, is species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a small to medium-sized tree, often with several main stems, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, racemes of up to seven flowers, the petals with fringed lobes, and dark blue fruit.

Elaeocarpus sericopetalus, commonly known as hard quandong, blueberry ash, hard duandong or northern quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, relatively large lenticels, oblong to elliptic leaves, creamy-white flowers with five petals, and deep red to almost black fruit.

Elaeocarpus stellaris is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-eastern Queensland. It is a tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, small groups of flowers with greenish-yellow sepals and creamy-white petals, the fruit conatining a five-flanged stone.

References

  1. "Elaeocarpus ruminatus". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  2. Hyland, Bernard; Coode, Mark J. (1984). "Elaeocarpus in Australia and New Zealand". Kew Bulletin. 39 (3): 565–568.
  3. 1 2 F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Elaeocarpus ruminatus". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government . Retrieved 1 July 2021.
  4. "Elaeocarpus ruminatus". APNI. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  5. von Mueller, Ferdinand (1872). Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Vol. 8. Melbourne: Victorian Government Printer. pp. 1–2. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  6. "Species profile —Elaeocarpus ruminatus". Queensland Government Department of Environment and Science. Retrieved 22 February 2021.