Elenkiniana

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Elenkiniana
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Teloschistales
Family: Teloschistaceae
Genus: Elenkiniana
S.Y.Kondr., Kärnefelt, Elix, A.Thell & Hur (2014)
Type species
Elenkiniana gloriae
(Llimona & Werner) S.Y.Kondr., Kärnefelt, A.Thell, Elix, J.Kim, A.S.Kondr. & Hur (2014)
Species

E. ehrenbergii
E. gloriae
E. gomerana

Elenkiniana is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. [1] It has three species, [2] all of which occur in Eurasia. [3]

Contents

Taxonomy

The genus was circumscribed in 2014 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, Ingvar Kärnefelt, John Elix, Arne Thell, and Jae-Seoun Hur. Elenkiniana gloriae is assigned as the type species. The genus name honours the Russian botanist, Alexander Elenkin, "in acknowledgement of his many contributions on cryptogams in northern Eurasia". [3]

According to the authors, Elenkiniana shares similarities with the genus Gyalolechia (formerly known as Fulgensia before Arup and colleagues' 2013 revision of the Teloschistaceae [4] ) but is distinguished by its typically lobate thalli, laminal pseudocyphellae across the thallus surface, and the absence of numerous crystals in the cortical layer and granular inclusions in the hymenium. [3] Despite this, the work "The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi", did not accept Elenkiniana, considering it instead synonymous with Gyalolechia. [5] A similar opinion was expressed by Wilk and colleagues in 2021, who in their work preferred to maintain Arup et al.'s original 2013 classification pending additional research. [6]

Description

Genus Elenkiniana is distinguished by its lobate thallus, with hues ranging from yellow to bright orange or reddish orange. The thalli have pseudocyphellae, which are small, porous areas on the lichen surface that facilitate gas exchange. The cortical layer of Elenkiniana is described as palisade paraplectenchymatous , indicating a structured arrangement of cells that resembles a palisade and is tightly woven. [3]

The apothecia (fruiting bodies) of Elenkiniana are lecanorine in form, meaning they have a margin that is similar in colour and texture to the thallus. Within these structures, the true exciple (the rim of tissue enclosing the spore-producing layer) is very thin and often indistinct. Ascospores are polarilocular (containing two compartments separated by a partition with a hole), and there are typically eight spores per ascus. The conidia, a type of asexual spore, range from bacilliform (rod-like) to narrowly bacilliform in shape. [3]

A distinctive feature of Elenkiniana lichens is their chemical reaction to a solution of potassium hydroxide (i.e., the K+ spot test), turning purple upon contact. This reaction is due to the presence of anthraquinones, specifically those of the parietin and fragilin chemosyndromes , as well as depsidones. [3]

Species

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Teloschistaceae</span> Family of lichen-forming fungi

The Teloschistaceae are a large family of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, although members occur predominantly in temperate regions. Most members are lichens that either live on rock or on bark, but about 40 species are lichenicolous – meaning they are non-lichenised fungi that live on other lichens. Many members of the Teloschistaceae are readily identifiable by their vibrant orange to yellow hue, a result of their frequent anthraquinone content. The presence of these anthraquinone pigments, which confer protection from ultraviolet light, enabled this group to expand from shaded forest habitats to harsher environmental conditions of sunny and arid ecosystems during the Late Cretaceous.

<i>Calogaya</i> Genus of lichens

Calogaya is a genus of lichen-forming fungi belonging to the family Teloschistaceae. It has 19 species. The genus was circumscribed in 2013 by Ulf Arup, Ulrik Søchting, and Patrik Frödén. The generic name Calogaya honours Dr. Ester Gaya, a Spanish botanist from the University of Barcelona.

<i>Flavoplaca</i> Genus of lichen

Flavoplaca is a genus of crust-like or scaly lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 28 species with a mostly Northern Hemisphere distribution.

<i>Xanthocarpia</i> Genus of lichen

Xanthocarpia is a genus of mostly crustose lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 12 species with a largely Northern Hemisphere distribution.

Brownliella is a genus of crustose lichens in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has two species. The genus was circumscribed in 2013 by Sergey Kondratyuk, Ingvar Kärnefelt, John Elix, Arne Thell, and Jae-Seoun Hur, with the widely distributed lichen Brownliella aequata assigned as the type species. The genus contains species formerly referred to as the Caloplaca cinnabarina species group. The generic name honours Australian botanist Sue Brownlie.

Sirenophila is a genus of crustose lichens in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species with an Australasian distribution.

Kaernefia is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has three species, found in Australia or South Africa.

Filsoniana is a genus of squamulose lichens in the family Teloschistaceae. It has six species. It was circumscribed in 2013 by Ingvar Kärnefelt, Arne Thell, Jae-Seoun Hur, Sergey Kondratyuk, and John Elix following a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Teloschistaceae. The generic name honours Australian lichenologist Rex Filson, "in recognition of his contribution to lichenology, in particular to the lichen flora of Australia".

Huneckia is a genus of crustose lichens in the subfamily Caloplacoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species.

<i>Wetmoreana</i> Genus of lichens

Wetmoreana is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has two crustose, saxicolous (rock-dwelling) species.

Tassiloa is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has two species.

<i>Niorma</i> Genus of lichen-forming fungi

Niorma is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has six fruticose species, with N. derelicta assigned as the type species. The genus was originally proposed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1861, but this and several other genera he proposed were largely ignored by later contemporaries. As part of a molecular phylogenetics-led restructuring of the teloschistoid clade of the subfamily Xanthorioideae in the Teloschistaceae, Sergey Kondratyuk and colleagues resurrected the genus for use about 150 years later. Genus Niorma comprises what was previously known as a species complex centred around the taxon previously known as Teloschistes hypoglaucus.

Elixjohnia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichens that occur in Australasia.

<i>Rusavskia</i> Genus of lichens

Rusavskia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 12 species. It is a member of the subfamily Xanthorioideae. The thallus of Rusavskia is characterized by its foliose (leaf-like) structure with distinct and typically narrow lobes that curve outwards.

Gondwania is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has five species.

Marchantiana is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains seven species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens that occur in the Southern Hemisphere.

Eilifdahlia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains three species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens that occur in the Southern Hemisphere.

Orientophila is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has 15 species of mostly saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichens. All Orientophila species occur in Northeast Asia including China, Japan, South Korea, and the Russian Far East.

Franwilsia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has three species.

Yoshimuria is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Teloschistaceae. It has four species of crustose lichens.

References

  1. ↑ "Elenkiniana". Catalogue of Life . Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  2. ↑ Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere. 13 (1): 53–453. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kondratyuk, S.Y.; Jeong, M.-H.; Yu, N.-N.; Kärnefelt, I.; Thell, A.; Elix, J.A.; Kim, J.; Kondratiuk, A.S.; Hur, J.-S. (2014). "A revised taxonomy for the subfamily Caloplacoideae (Teloschistaceae, Ascomycota) based on molecular phylogeny". Acta Botanica Hungarica. 56 (1–2): 93–123. doi:10.1556/abot.56.2014.1-2.10.
  4. ↑ Arup, Ulf; Søchting, Ulrik; Frödén, Patrik (2013). "A new taxonomy of the family Teloschistaceae". Nordic Journal of Botany. 31 (1): 16–83. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.2013.00062.x.
  5. ↑ Lücking, Robert; Hodkinson, Brendan P.; Leavitt, Steven D. (2017). "The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota–Approaching one thousand genera". The Bryologist. 119 (4): 361–416 [391]. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-119.4.361. JSTOR   44250015.
  6. ↑ Wilk, Karina; Pabijan, Maciej; Saługa, Marta; Gaya, Ester; Lücking, Robert (2021). "Phylogenetic revision of South American Teloschistaceae (lichenized Ascomycota, Teloschistales) reveals three new genera and species". Mycologia. 113 (2): 278–299. doi:10.1080/00275514.2020.1830672. PMID   33428561.
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