Entoloma porphyrophaeum

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Lilac Pinkgill
Entoloma porphyrophaeum (25049146607) (cropped).jpg
Entoloma porphyrophaeum, England
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Entolomataceae
Genus: Entoloma
Species:
E. porphyrophaeum
Binomial name
Entoloma porphyrophaeum
(Fr.) P. Karst. (1879)
Synonyms
  • Agaricus porphyrophaeus Fr (1857)
  • Hyporrhodius porphyrophaeus(Fr.) Migula (1912)
  • Rhodophyllus porphyrophaeus(Fr.) J.E. Lange (1921)
  • Leptonia porphyrophaea(Fr.) Largent (1977)
  • Trichopilus porphyrophaeus(Fr.) P.D. Orton (1991)

Entoloma porphyrophaeum is a species of agaric (gilled mushroom) in the family Entolomataceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Lilac Pinkgill. [2] The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. [1] Entoloma porphyrophaeum has been reported from North America, but at least some of these reports represent a distinct species, Entoloma canadense. [3] Threats to its habitat have resulted in the Lilac Pinkgill being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [1]

Contents

Taxonomy

The species was first described by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1857 as Agaricus porphyrophaeus, the epithet derived from Ancient Greek πορφύρα ("purple") and φαιός ("dusky"). [4] Finnish mycologist Petter Adolf Karsten transferred it to the genus Entoloma in 1879.

Description

Basidiocarps are agaricoid, up to 175 mm (7 in) tall, the cap conical at first becoming convex to flat and broadly umbonate, up to 145 mm (5.5 in) across. The cap surface is smooth, finely fibrillose, lilac to purple-brown becoming brown. The lamellae (gills) are white to cream becoming pink from the spores. The stipe (stem) is smooth, finely fibrillose, cap-coloured or paler, lacking a ring. The spore print is pink, the spores (under a microscope) multi-angled, inamyloid, measuring about 8 to 12 by 6 to 8  μm. The cheilocystidia are rostrate (with a simple apical projection) to capitate (with a spherical apical projection). [5]

Similar species

Entoloma porphyrophaeum belongs in the "Trichopilus" group of Entoloma species and is similar to the commoner Entoloma jubatum , which is typically smaller and darker with distinctly brown lamellae. Entoloma fuscomarginatum and E, elodes are species of Sphagnum and peat bogs, the former with a brown edge to the lamellae. [5]

Distribution and habitat

The Lilac Pinkgill is rare but widespread in Europe. [1] Like many other European pinkgills, it occurs in old, agriculturally unimproved, short-sward grassland (pastures and lawns).

Conservation

Entoloma porphyrophaeum is typical of waxcap grasslands, a declining habitat due to changing agricultural practices. As a result, the species is of global conservation concern and is listed as "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Hygrocybe punicea</i> Species of fungus

Hygrocybe punicea is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of crimson waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Records of H. punicea from North America, East Asia, and Australia require further research to see if they represent the same species.

<i>Entoloma</i> Genus of fungi

Entoloma is a genus of fungi in the order Agaricales. Called pinkgills in English, basidiocarps are typically agaricoid, though a minority are gasteroid. All have salmon-pink basidiospores which colour the gills at maturity and are angular (polyhedral) under a microscope. The genus is large, with almost 2000 species worldwide. Most species are saprotrophic, but some are ectomycorrhizal, and a few are parasitic on other fungi. The type, Entoloma sinuatum, is one of several Entoloma species that are poisonous, typically causing mild to severe gastrointestinal illness.

<i>Entoloma austroprunicolor</i> Species of fungus

Entoloma austroprunicolor is a species of agaric fungus in the family Entolomataceae. Described as new to science in 2007, it is found in Tasmania, where it fruits on the ground of wet sclerophyll forests in late spring to early winter. The fruit bodies (mushrooms) have reddish-purple caps measuring up to 5 cm (2.0 in) in diameter supported by whitish stipes measuring 3–7.5 cm (1.2–3.0 in) long by 0.2–0.6 cm (0.1–0.2 in) thick. On the cap underside, the crowded gills are initially white before turning pink as the spores mature.

<i>Entoloma bloxamii</i> Species of fungus

Entoloma bloxamii, commonly known as the midnight blue entoloma, or big blue pinkgill, is a species of agaric in the family Entolomataceae. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Entoloma bloxamii has been reported from North America, but at least some of these reports represent a distinct species, Entoloma medianox. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the Big Blue Pinkgill being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

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<i>Gliophorus europerplexus</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Hygrocybe splendidissima</i> Species of fungus

Hygrocybe splendidissima, is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Splendid Waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Neohygrocybe ingrata</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Hygrocybe citrinovirens</i> Species of fungus

Hygrocybe citrinovirens is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Citrine Waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Neohygrocybe ovina</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Hygrocybe spadicea</i> Species of fungus

Hygrocybe spadicea is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Date Waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Cuphophyllus colemannianus</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Cuphophyllus lacmus</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Neohygrocybe nitrata</i> Species of fungus

Neohygrocybe nitrata is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of nitrous waxcap, based on its smell. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

<i>Entoloma prunuloides</i> Species of fungus

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<i>Entoloma griseocyaneum</i> Species of fungus

Entoloma griseocyaneum is a species of agaric in the family Entolomataceae. It has been given the recommended English name of Felted Pinkgill. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the Felted Pinkgill being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Pseudotricholoma metapodium is a species of agaric in the family Tricholomataceae. It has been given the recommended English name of mealy meadowcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the mealy meadowcap being assessed as globally "endangered" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Cuphophyllus lepidopus is a species of agaric in the family Hygrophoraceae. It has been given the recommended English name of scalyfoot waxcap. The species has a European distribution, occurring mainly in agriculturally unimproved grassland. Threats to its habitat have resulted in the species being assessed as globally "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Jordal J. "Entoloma porphyrophaeum. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species" . Retrieved 2022-05-02.
  2. ↑ Holden L. (July 2014). "English names for fungi 2014". British Mycological Society. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2016-02-06.
  3. ↑ Haelewaters D. "Fungal Systematics and Evolution: FUSE 6". Sydowia (72). doi:10.12905/0380.sydowia72-2020-0231.
  4. ↑ Rea, Carleton (1922). British Basidiomycetaceae: a Handbook to the Larger British Fungi. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 244.
  5. 1 2 Noordeloos, M.E. (1992). Fungi Europaei 5: Entoloma. Italy: Libreria editrice Giovanna Biella.
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