Epinephelus summana

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Epinephelus summana
Epinephelus summana.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Serranidae
Subfamily: Epinephelinae
Genus: Epinephelus
Species:
E. summana
Binomial name
Epinephelus summana
(Forsskål, 1775)
Synonyms [2]
  • Perca summanaForsskål, 1775
  • Serranus leucostigma Valenciennes, 1828
  • Sebastes meleagris Peters, 1864

Epinephelus summana, the summan grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It comes from the Eastern Indian Ocean that occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade.

Contents

Description

Epinephelus summana has a standard length which is 2.7 to 3.1 times its depth. It has a flat or slightly concave region between the eyes. The preopercle has slightly enlarged serrations at its corner and the gill cover has a highly convex upper margin. [3] There are 11 spines and 14-16 soft rays in the dorsal fin and 3 spines and 8-9 rays in the anal fin. [2] The membranes between the dorsal fin spines are notched. The caudal fin is rounded. [3] The overall colour is dark olive-brown to dark brownish grey with large pale blotches, the majority being greater in size than the eyes, and abundant small white spots which lie over this pattern. The fins are covered with small white spots, apart for the pectoral fins where they are restricted to its base. This species attains a maximum standard length of 52 centimetres (20 in) [2]

Distribution

Epinephelus summana is found in the western part of the Indian Ocean. It is found in the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and off Socotra. [1]

Habitat and ecology

Epinephelus summana is a reef-associated species that occurs in shallow protected coral reefs and in shallow lagoons and seaward reef slopes (1 to 30 m) or brackish-water environments. No published information on the biology of this species has been found. [2]

Taxonomy

Epinephelus summanawas first formally described as Perca summana in 1775 by the Finnish explorer Peter Forsskål (1732-1763) with the type locality given as the Red Sea. [4]

Utilisation

Epinephelus summana is caught by small, local fisheries and has been recorded in fish markets in Egypt and Sudan. [1] It also sometimes appears in the aquarium trade. [5]

Related Research Articles

<i>Epinephelus</i> Genus of fishes

Epinephelus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, groupers from the subfamily Epinephelinae, part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. They are predatory fish, largely associated with reefs and are found in tropical and subtropical seas throughout the world. They are important target species for fisheries.

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Yellow-edged lyretail Species of fish

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<i>Epinephelus andersoni</i> Species of fish

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Yellow grouper Species of fish

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Speckled hind Species of fish

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Marquesan grouper Species of fish

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Camouflage grouper Species of fish

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<i>Mycteroperca</i> Genus of fishes

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Coral grouper Species of fish

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<i>Epinephelus flavocaeruleus</i> Species of fish

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Honeycomb grouper Species of fish

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<i>Epinephelus analogus</i> Species of fish

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<i>Epinephelus spilotoceps</i> Species of fish

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<i>Epinephelus cyanopodus</i> Species of fish

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<i>Epinephelus labriformis</i> Species of fish

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<i>Epinephelus corallicola</i> Species of fish

Epinephelus corallicola, also known as the black-dotted cod, coral cod, coral rockcod or duskyfin grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It has an Indo-Pacific distribution and is found in marine and brackish waters.

<i>Epinephelus faveatus</i> Species of fish

Epinephelus faveatus, the barrel-chested grouper, also known as the Indian grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is associated with reefs in the Indian Ocean.

<i>Epinephelus undulosus</i> Species of fish

Epinephelus undulosus, the wavy-lined grouper, brown-lined reefcod, mid-water rockcod, mid-water grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution. They are produced through aquaculture and commercially fished.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Samoilys, M. (2018). "Epinephelus summana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T132728A100559239. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T132728A100559239.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Epinephelus summana" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
  3. 1 2 Heemstra, P.C. & J.E. Randall (1993). FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date (PDF). FAO Fish. Synopsis. Vol. 125. FAO, Rome. pp. 232–233. ISBN   92-5-103125-8.
  4. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Perca summana". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 17 July 2020.
  5. ↑ "Epinephelus summana (Forsskal, 1775) Summan Grouper". Saltcorner. Retrieved 17 July 2020.


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