Paranthias

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Paranthias
Creole fish and crinoids.jpg
Paranthias furcifer
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Serranidae
Subfamily: Epinephelinae
Tribe: Epinephelini
Genus: Paranthias
Guichenot, 1868 [1]
Type species
Serranus furcifer
Species

See text.

Synonyms [2]

Paranthias is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, groupers from the subfamily Epinephelinae, part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. They are found in the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Pacific Ocean.

Contents

Characteristics

The species in the genus Paranthias are unique among the groupers in that they have a relatively small mouth, the upper jaw being more protrusible than that of other groupers,s], with small teeth and many elongated gill rakers, and a fusiform body which ends in a deeply forked caudal fin. These departures from the more normal morphology of groupers are adaptations for feeding on zooplankton in open water. They are visual hunters which pick off zooplankton from the middle of the water column and they have a relatively short snout which allows them to employ binocular vision. They are social fish which are normally seen in diurnal feeding aggregations, diving to shelter in the reef when threatened. [2] They reach a maximum total length of 30–36 centimetres (12–14 in). [3]

Distribution

The two species in the genus Paranthias each occur in different oceans, the creole-fish (P. furcifer) is found mainly in the warmer waters of the western Atlantic Ocean but its range extends to Ascension Island and the islands in the Gulf of Guinea in the eastern Atlantic. The Pacific creole-fish occurs in the tropical and subtropical eastern Pacific Ocean. [2]

Taxonomy

The genus Paranthias was created in 1863 by the American ichthyologist Theodore Nicholas Gill (1837-1914) as a monotypic genus containing only the type species Serranus furcifer [1] and for a long period the Pacific creole-fish was considered conspecific with the creole-fish. [2]

Species

It contains the following species: [3]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Cephalopholis taeniops</i> Species of fish

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<i>Cephalopholis urodeta</i> Species of fish

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Golden grouper Species of fish

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Longfin grouper Species of fish

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Roving coral grouper Species of fish

The roving coral grouper, also known as the spotted coral grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the Indo-Pacific, although the Red Sea taxon, P.. marisrubri, is regarded as a separate species by some authorities.

<i>Epinephelus labriformis</i> Species of fish

Epinephelus labriformis, commonly called starry grouper or flag cabrilla is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the eastern Pacific Occean.

<i>Epinephelus erythrurus</i> Species of fish

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<i>Hyporthodus mystacinus</i> Species of fish

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Spanish flag (fish) Species of fish

The Spanish flag is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean. It is the only species in the genus Gonioplectrus.

Oval grouper Species of fish

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<i>Cephalopholis sonnerati</i> Species of fish

Cephalopholis sonnerati, known as the tomato hind, tomato rockcod, or tomato cod, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is in the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is distributed on coral reefs in the tropical Indo-Pacific. It is also sometimes called the orange-spotted cod, red coral cod, red rockcod, tomato grouper, or tomato seabass.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Paranthias". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Heemstra, P.C. & J.E. Randall (1993). FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date (PDF). FAO Fish. Synopsis. 125. FAO, Rome. pp. 281–282. ISBN   92-5-103125-8.
  3. 1 2 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). Species of Paranthias in FishBase . December 2019 version.