Erebia euryale

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Large ringlet
Satyrinae - Erebia euryale-001.JPG
Upperside
Satyrinae - Erebia euryale - female.JPG
Underside, female
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Erebia
Species:
E. euryale
Binomial name
Erebia euryale
(Esper, 1805)
Synonyms [1]
List
  • Papilio philomelaEsper, [1804]
  • Erebia segregataReverdin, 1918
  • Erebia apicalisReverdin, 1918
  • Erebia tramelanaReverdin, 1918
  • Erebia addendaReverdin, 1918
  • Erebia bipunctataHartig, 1924
  • Erebia defessaHartig, 1924
  • Erebia latifasciataHartig, 1924
  • Erebia pleniocellataHartig, 1924
  • Erebia reductaOsthelder, 1925
  • Erebia antevortesVerity, 1925
  • Erebia nanaDiószeghy, 1930
  • Erebia pyraenaeicolaHoltz, 1930
  • Erebia minimaHoltz, 1930
  • Erebia uralensis Holtz, 1930
  • Erebia transsylvanicaWarren, 1931
  • Erebia jungensHoltz, 1932
  • Erebia sexpunctataDiószeghy, 1935
  • Erebia splendensWarren, 1936
  • Erebia punctiferaKolar, 1938
  • Erebia grandiusculaRiel, 1944
  • Erebia bedeiLoritz, 1951
  • Erebia parviusculaLoritz, 1952
  • Erebia fenestrataLoritz, 1952
  • Erebia nigrosubmersaLoritz, 1952
  • Erebia totenigraVerity, 1953
  • Erebia iremelicaKorshunov, 1995

Erebia euryale, the large ringlet, is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae.

Contents

Subspecies

Subspecies include: [1]

Distribution and habitat

This species is endemic to Europe. It can be found in southern Europe, in the Alps, Cantabrian, Pyrenees, Carpathians, Balkans, in northern Europe from Finland to the Urals and in Altai. [2] [3] Erebia euryale is an alpine species. It lives in spruce forest clearings, glades, slopes, subalpine meadows and damp meadows at an elevation of 500–2,600 metres (1,600–8,500 ft) above sea level. [2]

Description

Erebia euryale has a wingspan of 20–23 mm. These butterflies have a considerable geographic variation. [4] Usually the upperside of the forewings is dark brown with a reddish-orange postmedian band marked with three or four oval ocelli, with white pupils in the females, often blind or reduced to small dots in the males. All wings show chequered fringes. The forewings of the males do not show androconial area. The upperside of each hindwing usually has three eyespots surrounded by orange. The underside hindwings of the females shows a diffuse clear or whitish band, strongly dentate. The caterpillar and the chrysalis are pinkish brown. This species is rather similar to Erebia ligea .

Biology

This species is univoltine. It overwinters a first year as an egg, a second year as a caterpillar. The eggs, pearly grey, hatch in the spring. Adults fly from June to September. They feed at mountain flowers, specially at yellow daisies. Caterpillars feed on various grasses ( Anthoxanthum odoratum , Brachypodium sylvaticum , Deschampsia cespitosa , Festuca ovina , Festuca rubra , Festuca alpina , Poa nemoralis , Carex flacca , Digitaria , Milium , Carex and Sesleria species). [2] [5]

Bibliography

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References