Eucalyptus kingsmillii

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Kingsmill's mallee
Eucalyptus kingsmillii habit.jpg
Eucalyptus kingsmillii in the Collier Range National Park
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. kingsmillii
Binomial name
Eucalyptus kingsmillii

Eucalyptus kingsmillii is a mallee that is native to the arid central areas of Western Australia [1] and South Australia. [2]

Western Australia State in Australia

Western Australia is a state occupying the entire western third of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, and the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a total land area of 2,529,875 square kilometres, and the second-largest country subdivision in the world, surpassed only by Russia's Sakha Republic. The state has about 2.6 million inhabitants – around 11 percent of the national total – of whom the vast majority live in the south-west corner, 79 per cent of the population living in the Perth area, leaving the remainder of the state sparsely populated.

South Australia State of Australia

South Australia is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of 983,482 square kilometres (379,725 sq mi), it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, and fifth largest by population. It has a total of 1.7 million people, and its population is the second most highly centralised in Australia, after Western Australia, with more than 77 percent of South Australians living in the capital, Adelaide, or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small; Mount Gambier, the second largest centre, has a population of 28,684.

Contents

flower buds Eucalyptus kingsmillii buds.jpg
flower buds
flower Eucalyptus kingsmillii KP gnangarra-10.jpg
flower
fruit Eucalyptus kingsmillii fruit.jpg
fruit

Description

The mallee typically grows to a height of 1.5 to 8 metres (5 to 26 ft) that has rough fibrous bark on the trunk with smooth bark above. It produces white-cream to red-pink flowers between April and October. [1] The flower buds and fruits are large and ribbed or “winged” and are found in pendulous groups of three. [2] It has variable form ranging from a small compact shrub-like habit to a taller more irregular habit. The flowers are highly decorative usually with pink-red buds that open to cream-yellow flowers that are around 3 centimetres (1.2 in) across. [3] The dull, grey-green, thick and concolorous adult leaves have a disjunct arrangement. The leaf blade has a narrow lanceolate to broad lanceolate and is basally tapered. The buds are globose and rostrate, with a calyx calyptrate that sheds early. The fruits are hemispherical with a raised disc and exserted valves. [4]

Mallee (habit) growth habit of certain eucalypt species

Mallee is the growth habit of certain eucalypt species that grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft).

The species is grown in gardens and is drought tolerant but can be susceptible to scale. [3]

Drought extended period when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply

A drought or drouth is an event of prolonged shortages in the water supply, whether atmospheric, surface water or ground water. A drought can last for months or years, or may be declared after as few as 15 days. It can have a substantial impact on the ecosystem and agriculture of the affected region and harm to the local economy. Annual dry seasons in the tropics significantly increase the chances of a drought developing and subsequent bush fires. Periods of heat can significantly worsen drought conditions by hastening evaporation of water vapour.

Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanist Joseph Maiden in 1929 as part of the work A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus. [5] The name of the species, kingsmillii, honours Walter Kingsmill, who was a Western Australian politician active in forestry matters. He collected the type specimen of the showy mallee in 1918 from an area north of Leonora [3] close to the Mount Keith minesite. [4]

Joseph Maiden Anglo-Australian botanist

Joseph Henry Maiden was a botanist who made a major contribution to knowledge of the Australian flora, especially the Eucalyptus genus. This botanist is denoted by the author abbreviation Maiden when citing a botanical name.

Walter Kingsmill Australian politician

Sir Walter Kingsmill was an Australian politician who served as a Senator for Western Australia from 1923 to 1935. He was President of the Senate from 1929 to 1932.

Leonora, Western Australia Town in Western Australia

Leonora is a town in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia, located 833 kilometres (518 mi) northeast of the state capital, Perth, and 237 kilometres (147 mi) north of the city of Kalgoorlie.

Distribution

It is found on rocky rises and sand plains in inland areas of the Pilbara, Mid West and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia where it grows in thin sandy soils over sandstone or ironstone [1] with a range that extends to north western South Australia. [2]

Pilbara Place in Western Australia, Australia

The Pilbara is a large, dry, thinly populated region in the north of Western Australia. It is known for its Aboriginal peoples; its ancient landscapes; the red earth; its vast mineral deposits, in particular iron ore; and as a global biodiversity hotspot for subterranean fauna.

Mid West (Western Australia) Region in Western Australia

The Mid West region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It is a sparsely populated region extending from the west coast of Western Australia, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) north and south of its administrative centre of Geraldton and inland to 450 kilometres (280 mi) east of Wiluna in the Gibson Desert.

Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia

The Goldfields-Esperance region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It is located in the south eastern corner of Western Australia, and comprises the local government areas of Coolgardie, Dundas, Esperance, Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Laverton, Leonora, Menzies, Ngaanyatjarraku and Ravensthorpe.

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 "Eucalyptus kingsmillii". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  2. 1 2 3 Dean Nicolle (30 April 2010). "An illustrated guide to Australia's gum blossoms". Australian Geographic. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 "Kingsmill's Mallee Eucalyptus kingsmillii" (PDF). Native Plant Notes. Kings Park and Botanic Garden. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
  4. 1 2 "Eucalyptus kingsmillii". Eucalink. Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
  5. ↑ "Eucalyptus kingsmilli (Maiden) Maiden & Blakely (accepted name Eucalyptus kingsmillii)". Atlas of Living Australia. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
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