A spruce is a tree of the genus Picea, a genus of about 35 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal (taiga) regions of the Earth. Picea is the sole genus in the subfamily Piceoideae. Spruces are large trees, from about 20 to 60 m tall when mature, and have whorled branches and conical form. They can be distinguished from other members of the pine family by their needles (leaves), which are four-sided and attached singly to small persistent peg-like structures on the branches, and by their cones, which hang downwards after they are pollinated. The needles are shed when 4–10 years old, leaving the branches rough with the retained pegs. In other similar genera, the branches are fairly smooth.
Picea glauca, the white spruce, is a species of spruce native to the northern temperate and boreal forests in the United state of North and South, east, and west America. Picea glauca is native from central Alaska all through the east, across western and southern/central Canada to the Avalon Peninsula in Newfoundland, and south to Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Upstate New York and Vermont, along with the mountainous and immediate coastal portions of New Hampshire and Maine, where temperatures are just barely cool and moist enough to support it. There is also an isolated population in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming. It is also known as Canadian spruce, skunk spruce, cat spruce, Black Hills spruce, western white spruce, Alberta white spruce, and Porsild spruce.
The juniper pug or juniper looper is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found throughout the Palearctic and in the Nearctic.
The engrailed and small engrailed are moths of the family Geometridae found from the British Isles through central and eastern Europe to the Russian Far East and Kazakhstan. The western Mediterranean and Asia Minor and the Caucasus represent the southern limit of the distribution. In the north, the distribution area ends at the Arctic Circle. It also occurs in North America. Debate exists as to whether they make up one species, or whether E. crepuscularia actually refers only to the small engrailed, with the engrailed proper being separable as E. bistortata.
Eupithecia indigata, the ochreous pug, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species can be found in Europe. and across the Palearctic as far as the Altai mountains It primarily colonizes pine forests, mixed pine forests and pine plantations. In the Alps it rises to heights of 1800 metres.
Freyer's pug is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species can be found in Europe, east to the Urals, the Russian Far East, Kazakhstan and China. It is also found in North America.
Eupithecia tantillaria, the dwarf pug, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1840. The species can be found in the Palearctic realm.
Panthea furcilla is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found across the boreal forest region of Canada west to the Rocky Mountains, and in the eastern parts of the United States, from Maine to Florida, west to Texas, north to Indiana and Ohio.
Nepytia pellucidaria, the false pine looper, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1873. It is found in Canada and the north-eastern parts of the United States.
Protoboarmia porcelaria, the porcelain gray or dash-lined looper, is a Geometrid species of moth found throughout North America, except in the far north. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1857.
Eupithecia actaeata is a Eurasian species of moth of the family Geometridae.
Eupithecia mutata, the spruce cone looper or cloaked pug, is a moth in the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Pearsall in 1908. It is found in the northern Atlantic and New England states in North America. In Canada, the range extends from Nova Scotia to northern Ontario.
Eupithecia nevadata is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1871. It is found in western North America.
Eupithecia rotundopuncta is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1871. It is found in western North America from Arizona to the Pacific coast, north to Vancouver Island in British Columbia.
Eupithecia strattonata is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found from Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia to Ontario and bordering areas in the north-eastern United States. The habitat consists of damp fields and open areas, abandoned pastures, marshes, bogs or other flat wet areas.
Eupithecia zygadeniata is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. It was first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1876 and is found in North America, with records from Texas and Montana.
Eupithecia behrensata is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1876. It is found in North America from California north to British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan.
Eupithecia ravocostaliata, commonly known as the tawny eupithecia or great variegated pug, is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1876. It is found in northern New York and the New England states, extending across Canada from the Maritime provinces to Vancouver Island and down the west coast as far as the San Francisco Bay region.
