| Euprymna morsei | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Cephalopoda |
| Order: | Sepiida |
| Family: | Sepiolidae |
| Subfamily: | Sepiolinae |
| Genus: | Euprymna |
| Species: | E. morsei |
| Binomial name | |
| Euprymna morsei | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
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Euprymna morsei, the Mimika bobtail squid, is a species of Indo-Pacific bobtail squid from the family Sepiolidae.
Euprymna morsei has a plump, dome-shaped mantle in which the dorsal mantle is fused to head. It has wide but short semicircular fins which are shorter than the mantle length either anteriorly or posteriorly. At their posterior ends the fins are widely separated while their anterior origin is behind the margin of the mantle. The suckers on the non-hectocotylised arms are arranged similarly in both sexes in four series. In the males there are around 10 enlarged suckers in the ventral rows of arms II to IV which run towards the tip from the third or fourth suckers counting from the head. The males have a hectocotylus in which the upper half of left dorsal arm is modified with enlarged pedicels to the suckers which are densely packed to form 2 double rows of columnar structures and the suckers are reduced, having very small, fleshy, narrow openings. The inner end of this arm has a single papilla which resembles a nipple. The marginal suckers on arm I are slightly larger than the medial suckers. The tentacular club suckers are cup-shaped or spherical. There is no internal gladius. There are a pair of saddle-shaped bioluminescent organs present in the inside of the mantle cavity on the ink sac. The colour varies from an iridescent gold through to purple, with large black chromatophores. They grow up to 40mm in mantle length. [3] This species is sympatric with and very similar to Euprymna berryi and the females of E. morsei and E. berryi are indistinguishable from one another. [1]
Euprymna morsei is found from southern Japan south along the coasts of Korea and China to Malaysia and as far south as Java, a distribution encompassing East and South China Seas, the Yellow Sea, Gulf of Thailand and the Philippines. [1] There have been possible records from the Bay of Bengal and the Maldive Islands, but the Bay of Bengal records, at least, were based on females and are, therefore, uncertain. [3]
However, there is taxonomic uncertainty about the definition of E. morsei and other authorities have stated that this is a temperate species which is only found in the colder seas around Japan. The taxonomy of the genus Euprymna remains to be resolved to define its species limits. [1]
Euprymna morsei is a shallow water species which spends the day buried in soft substrates and emerge at night to feed, using their bioluminescent organs to emit just enough light to disguise their silhouette from predators such as lancet fish ( Alepisaurus ferox ). [1]
Euprymna morsei is fished for food on a very small, local scale and sometimes taken as bycatch by fisheries. [1]
A squid is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the superorder Decapodiformes, though many other molluscs within the broader Neocoleoidea are also called squid despite not strictly fitting these criteria. Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, and a mantle. They are mainly soft-bodied, like octopuses, but have a small internal skeleton in the form of a rod-like gladius or pen, made of chitin.
Bobtail squid are a group of cephalopods closely related to cuttlefish. Bobtail squid tend to have a rounder mantle than cuttlefish and have no cuttlebone. They have eight suckered arms and two tentacles and are generally quite small.
Euprymna tasmanica, also known as the southern dumpling squid or southern bobtail squid, is a bobtail squid that lives in the shallow temperate coastal waters of southern Australia's continental shelf. It lives for between 5 and 8 months and the adults can grow up to 6 or 7 cm long with a mantle length of 3 to 4 cm. They are found in seagrass beds or areas with soft silty or muddy bottoms from Brisbane on the east coast to Shark Bay on the west, as well as around Tasmania. Southern dumpling squid are nocturnal and during the day hide in sand or mud covered in a mucus-lined coat of sediment. If disturbed acid glans can quickly remove this coat as an additional decoy to ink squirting.
Egea inermis is a species of glass squid in the monotypic genus Egea.
Sepietta oweniana is a common marine mollusc from the order Sepiida, the cuttlefish.
Euprymna hyllebergi is a species of bobtail squid native to the eastern Indian Ocean, specifically the Andaman Sea off Thailand. It is known from depths to 74 m.
Euprymna scolopes, also known as the Hawaiian bobtail squid, is a species of bobtail squid in the family Sepiolidae native to the central Pacific Ocean, where it occurs in shallow coastal waters off the Hawaiian Islands and Midway Island. The type specimen was collected off the Hawaiian Islands and is deposited at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.
Rossia palpebrosa, also known as the warty bobtail squid, is a species of bobtail squid native to the northern Atlantic Ocean.
Euprymna is a genus of bobtail squid comprising a number of species.
Sepiola atlantica, also known as the Atlantic bobtail, is a species of bobtail squid native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Sepiolina nipponensis, also known as the Japanese bobtail squid, is a bobtail squid and one of two species in the genus Sepiolina. It is found in the Western Pacific in apparently widely separated populations, the most southerly of which is in the Great Australian Bight in South Australia and Western Australia, and there are populations from the Philippines northwards to Taiwan, Fujian and southern Honshū.
Heteroteuthis dispar, also known as the odd bobtail, is a small deep water squid found in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Euprymna berryi, commonly called hummingbird bobtail squid or Berry's bobtail squid among various other vernacular names, is a species of mollusc cephalopod in the family Sepiolidae.
Sthenoteuthis pteropus, also known as the orangeback flying squid or orangeback squid, is a species of cephalopod in the family Ommastrephidae. It is native to tropical parts of the Atlantic Ocean where it is found to depths of about 200 m (656 ft).
Sepia elegans, the elegant cuttlefish, is a species of cuttlefish in the family Sepiidae from the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. It is an important species for fisheries in some parts of the Mediterranean where its population may have suffered from overfishing.
Neorossia caroli, the Carol bobtail squid, is a species of bobtail squid belonging to the family Sepiolidae.
Sepiolina petasus is a species of bobtail squid in the genus Sepiolina in the subfamily Heteroteuthidinae of the family Sepiolidae. It was originally collected in the Pacific Ocean near the Okinawa Islands. It was found to be sympatric with Sepiolina nipponensis but differs from that species by its relatively elongated posterior mantle, leading to more anteriorly situated fins.
Sepia bertheloti, the African cuttlefish, is a species of cuttlefish from the family Sepiidae which is found in the warmer waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean off Africa.
Ornithoteuthis volatilis, the shiny bird squid, is a squid from the subfamily Ommastrephinae, the flying squids, of the family Ommastrephidae part of the pelagic squid order Oegopsida. It is a tropical and sub-tropical species which is widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific oceans. It is slightly larger than the closely related species Ornithoteuthis antillarum of the Atlantic Ocean.
Rossia is a genus of 10 species of benthic bobtail squid in the family Sepioidae found in all oceans. They live at depths greater than 50 m (164 ft) and can grow up to 9 cm in mantle length. This genus was first discovered in 1832 by Sir John Ross and his nephew James Clark Ross in the Arctic Seas, showing a resemblance to another genus under the same family, Sepiola. After returning from their expedition, Sir Richard Owen officially classified Rossia to be a new genus, naming it after Sir John and James Clark Ross.
