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The Ulidiidae or picture-winged flies are a large and diverse cosmopolitan family of flies (Diptera), and as in related families, most species are herbivorous or detritivorous. They are often known as picture-winged flies, along with members of other families in the superfamily Tephritoidea that have patterns of bands or spots on the wings. Some species share with the Tephritidae an unusual elongated posteroapical projection of the anal cell in the wing, but can be differentiated by the smoothly curving subcostal vein. Two species, Tetanops myopaeformis and Euxesta stigmatias, are agricultural pests.
The Pyrgotidae are an unusual family of flies (Diptera), one of only two families of Cyclorrhapha that lack ocelli. Most species are "picture-winged", as is typical among the Tephritoidea, but unlike other tephritoids, they are endoparasitoids; the females pursue scarab beetles in flight, laying an egg on the beetle's back under the elytra where the beetle cannot reach it. The egg hatches and the fly larva enters the body cavity of the beetle, feeding and eventually killing the host before pupating. In the United States, some species of Pyrgota and Sphecomyiella can be quite common in areas where their host beetles are abundant. Like their host beetles, these flies are primarily nocturnal, and are often attracted to artificial lights.
Acrotaeniostola is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.
Hendrella is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.
Oedaspis is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.
Tephritis is a genus of flies. It contains around 170 described species, making it the sixth largest genus in the family Tephritidae. Many more undescribed species are known from specimen collections. Tephritis occur throughout much of the world, but most are Palearctic. They can be found in a wide range of climate types, from hot semidesert to tundra. Most species inhabit the inflorescences of plants from several tribes in the family Asteraceae, and a few species cause galls to form.
Terellia is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.
Trypeta is a genus of tephritid, or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.
Urophora is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.
Trupanea is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.
Otitinae is the name of a subfamily of flies in the family Ulidiidae. It was formerly the Otitidae. Like the Ulidiinae, most species are herbivorous or saprophagous. Most species share with the Tephritidae an unusual elongated projection of the anal cell in the wing, but can be differentiated by the smoothly curving subcostal vein. Most are dull gray to shiny brown or black flies with vein R1 setulose or, in a few cases, bare.
The Ulidiinae are a subfamily of flies in the family Ulidiidae. Like the Otitinae, most species are herbivorous or saprophagous. Most species share with the Tephritidae an unusual elongated projection of the anal cell in the wing, but can be differentiated by the smoothly curving subcostal vein. Most are dull gray to shiny brown or black flies with vein R1 setulose or, in a few cases, bare.
Platystomatinae is a subfamily of flies (Diptera) in the family Platystomatidae that includes 80 genera, the largest subfamily with at last estimate, c. 900 species globally.
Campylocera is a genus of flies in the family Pyrgotidae.
Acropyrgota is a genus of flies in the family Pyrgotidae.
Tephritopyrgota is a genus of flies in the family Pyrgotidae.
Myennidini is a tribe of picture-winged flies in the family Ulidiidae.
Eutretini is a tribe of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.
Tephritis tridentata is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Tephritis of the family Tephritidae.
Terellia whitei is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Terellia of the family Tephritidae.
References
- 1 2 3 4 Korneyev, V. A. (2014). "Pyrgotid flies assigned to Apyrgota. I. New species and synonyms in Eupyrgota (s. str.) (Diptera, Pyrgotidae), with the description of a new subgenus" (PDF). Vestnik Zoologii. 48 (2): 111–128. doi: 10.2478/vzoo-2014-0012 .[ permanent dead link ]
- 1 2 Korneyev, V. A. (2014). "Pyrgotid flies assigned to Apyrgota. II. New synonyms in Eupyrgota (subgenus Taeniomastix) (Diptera, Pyrgotidae), with key to subgenera and species" (PDF). Vestnik Zoologii. 48 (3): 211–220. doi: 10.2478/vzoo-2014-0024 .[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ Hendel, F. (1909). "Diptera. Fam. Muscaridae. Subfam. Pyrgotinae". Genera Insectorum. 79: 1–33.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Enderlein, G. (1942). "Klassifikation der Pyrogotiden". Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. 2: 98–134.
- ↑ Hendel, F. (1908). "Acht neue Pyrgotinen (Dipt.)". Wiener entomologische Zeitung. 27: 145–153. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
- 1 2 Bezzi, Mario (1914). "Indian Pyrgotinae (Diptera)". The Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 8 (14): 153–163.
- ↑ Hendel, Friedrich (1913). "Neue Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Pyrgotinen" (PDF). Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Abteilung A: Original-Arbeiten. 79 (11): 77–117, pl. 1. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
- 1 2 Korneyev, V. A. (2015). "Pyrgotid flies assigned to Apyrgota. III. Species of Afropyrgota gen. n. and Tylotrypes (Diptera, Pyrgotidae)" (PDF). Vestnik Zoologii. 49 (1): 25–40. doi: 10.1515/vzoo-2015-0003 .[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ Shi, Y. (1994). "A new species of the genus Apyrgota (Diptera: Pyrgotidat)". Wuyi Science Journal. 11: 106–107.