Gawthorpe Hall | |
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![]() Gawthorpe Hall from the front | |
Location | Ightenhill, Burnley, Lancashire, BB12 8UA |
Coordinates | 53°48′10″N2°17′41″W / 53.8027°N 2.2948°W |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
Official name | Gawthorpe Hall and surrounding balustrade |
Designated | 1 April 1953 |
Reference no. | 1237626 |
Gawthorpe Hall is an Elizabethan country house on the banks of the River Calder, in Ightenhill, a civil parish in the Borough of Burnley, Lancashire, England. Its estate extends into Padiham, with the Stockbridge Drive entrance situated there. The house is traditionally attributed to Robert Smythson. In the mid-19th century, the hall was rebuilt by Charles Barry, the architect of the Houses of Parliament. Since 1953 it has been designated a Grade I listed building. In 1970 the 4th Lord Shuttleworth gave the hall to the National Trust, with a 99-year lease to Lancashire County Council. Both bodies jointly administer the hall and in 2015 the council provided £500,000 funding for restoration work on the south and west sides of the house.
Gawthorpe Hall's origins are somewhat disputed (see Champness (2008). [1] ). Pevsner suggests the origins lie in a pele tower, a strong fortification built by the Shuttleworths in the 14th century as a defence against invading Scots. [2] The Shuttleworths occupied Shuttleworth Hall near Hapton from the 12th century. [3] The diet of the family in Elizabethan times is known from their household books. The Shuttleworths bought glasses for rose water in 1589 and a "stillatory" for distillation in 1590. Most of their food was bought locally or came from their own farms, but spices were bought from London. [4]
The Elizabethan house at Gawthorpe was dovetailed around the pele tower from plans drawn up by Richard Shuttleworth but carried out after his death by his brother the Reverend Lawrence Shuttleworth. The foundation stone was laid on 26 August 1600. [5]
In 1604 Richard Stone of Carr House in Bretherton, imported Irish panel boards and timber and stored 1,000 pieces in the tithe barn at Hoole until they were needed. [6] Mottoes are found in the front porch and around the top of the tower. [7] The initials KS, Kay-Shuttleworth occur in decoration throughout the house, on the front door and plaster roundels on the ceiling in the main dining room. Miss Rachel, as the Honourable Rachel Kay-Shuttleworth was known locally, lived at the hall from 1953 until her death in 1967. [8] In 1970, her nephew gave the hall to the National Trust, to be managed in association with Lancashire County Council, on a 99-year lease to the latter. [9] In 2015 the council provided funding of £500,000 to enable urgent repairs. [10]
The original house, which Pevsner suggests began as a pele tower, was developed into an Elizabethan mansion in the very early 1600s. Clare Hartwell, in her 2009 revised Lancashire: North edition of the Pevsner Buildings of England, notes the traditional attribution to Robert Smythson and suggests that, if not by him, "the design must have been influenced by his work". [11] [lower-alpha 1] By the middle of the 19th century, the house was "near ruin" and Sir James Phillips Kay-Shuttleworth, 1st Baronet engaged Charles Barry to undertake an extensive rebuilding. [13]
Gawthorpe Hall is a Grade I listed building. [14] Other listed buildings associated with the hall include the Great Barn (built 1602–04), also listed at Grade I, [15] and the old farmhouse (1605–06, now used as the estate offices), [16] the game larder, [17] the coach house (1870), [18] a terrace wall, [19] and the lodges and gateways on Habergham [20] and Stockbridge drives (both c.1849), all listed at Grade II. [21] [22]
The small ornamental garden, created in the early 1850s, was laid out on a terrace overlooking the River Calder at the rear of the house by Barry. The course of the river was diverted away from Gawthorpe Hall in the 19th century because of pollution and again diverted to accommodate an open cast coal scheme north of the river in Padiham in the 1960s. [23] Following the Second World War, during which Richard Kay-Shuttleworth, 2nd Baron Shuttleworth, was killed as a fighter pilot in the Battle of Britain, [24] the family had the formal garden dug up, as maintenance costs had become prohibitively expensive. The layout of the garden is still visible, especially during dry summer months. [25]
Gawthorpe is a trailhead on the Brontë Way, a 43-mile (69 km) long-distance footpath that crosses the South Pennines to Haworth before continuing to Oakwell Hall, Birstall, West Yorkshire. [26]
In 1955, the Burnley F.C. chairman Bob Lord purchased 80 acres (32 ha) of Gawthorpe land, making Burnley one of the first clubs to set up a purpose-built training centre. By the 21st century, Burnley's three-decade absence from top flight football had left the facilities dated, with the old groundsman’s bungalow used for media meetings and the pitches prone to flooding. In spring 2017, the club opened a new £10.6-million training complex as the base for the senior squad and the club's academy. [27] [28] [29]
Baron Shuttleworth, of Gawthorpe in the County Palatine of Lancaster, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 15 July 1902 for the Liberal politician Sir Ughtred Kay-Shuttleworth, 2nd Baronet. Both his sons were killed in the First World War and he was therefore succeeded by his grandson, the second Baron. However, both he and his brother, the third Baron, were killed in action during the Second World War. On the death of the third Baron in 1942 the titles passed to his first cousin, the fourth Baron, who survived the Second World War although he was badly wounded. As of 2017 the titles are held by the latter's son, the fifth Baron, who succeeded in 1975. He has been Lord Lieutenant of Lancashire since 1997.
Padiham is a market town and civil parish on the River Calder, in the Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England. It is located north west of Burnley, and north east of the towns of Clayton le Moors and Great Harwood. It is edged by the foothills of Pendle Hill to the north-west and north-east. The United Kingdom Census 2011 gave a parish population of 10,098, estimated in 2019 at 10,138.
Ightenhill is a civil parish in the Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of 1,975.
Abbeystead House is a large country house to the east of the village of Abbeystead, Lancashire, England, some 12 km south-east of Lancaster. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.
Hapton is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Burnley, with a railway station on the East Lancashire Line. At the United Kingdom Census 2011, it had a population of 1,979.
This is a list of Grade I listed buildings in Lancashire, England.
Read Hall and Park is a manor house with ornamental grounds of about 450 acres (180 ha) in Whalley Road, Read, a few miles west of Padiham, Lancashire, England.
Shuttleworth Hall is a 17th-century manor house in the civil parish of Hapton in Lancashire, England. It is protected as a Grade I listed building.
Leck Hall is an 18th-century country house located at Leck, Lancashire, England, near Kirkby Lonsdale.
Forcett Hall is an English country house in the village of Forcett, North Yorkshire, England, some 6.5 miles (10 km) west of Darlington. It is a Grade I listed building.
Briercliffe is a civil parish in the borough of Burnley, Lancashire, England. The parish contains 21 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, two at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.
Hapton is a civil parish in the borough of Burnley, Lancashire, England. The parish contains seven buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, one at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. Apart from the village of Hapton, and some industrial encroachment from Burnley to the northeast the parish is rural. Three of the listed buildings are or have been farmhouses. The most notable building in the parish is Shuttleworth Hall; this together with associated structures, is listed. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal passes through the parish, and two of the bridges crossing it are listed.
Ightenhill is a civil parish in the borough of Burnley, Lancashire, England. The parish contains 15 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, two are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish is partly rural, and partly residential as a district of the town of Burnley. The most notable buildings in the parish are Gawthorpe Hall and its Great Barn. These are both listed, as are structures associated with them. The other listed buildings include a farmhouse dating from the 16th century, a former schoolmaster's house, a parish church and its churchyard wall, a drinking fountain, and two boundary stones.
Padiham is a town and a civil parish in the borough of Burnley, Lancashire, England. The parish contains 29 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish consists of the town of Padiham and surrounding countryside.
Burnley is a town in Lancashire, England. Its unparished area contains 190 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, three are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.
Euxton is a civil parish in the Borough of Chorley, Lancashire, England. The parish contains 28 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the village of Euxton, and is surrounded by agricultural land. Many of the listed buildings are, or originated as, farmhouses and farm buildings. The other listed buildings include churches and associated structures, large houses, some with associated structures, and a pair of former weavers' cottages,
Whittington is a civil parish in Lancaster, Lancashire, England. It contains 39 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, three are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the villages of Whittington, Docker and Newton, and is otherwise rural. Most of the listed buildings are country houses with associated structures, smaller houses, and farm buildings. The other listed buildings include a church with a sundial in the churchyard, buildings on a model farm, three milestones, a boundary stone, and a former school.
Padiham Town Hall is a municipal building in Burnley Road, Padiham, Lancashire, England. The town hall, which was the headquarters of Padiham Urban District Council, is a grade II listed building. It is the meeting place of Padiham Town Council.
Great Barn is an historic building in the English civil parish of Ightenhill, Lancashire. Built around 1605 about 100 metres (330 ft) west of Gawthorpe Hall, it is now a Grade I listed building.
The Hon. Rachel Beatrice Kay-Shuttleworth MBE (1886–1967) was an English embroiderer, lace-maker, textile collector, teacher and philanthropist. Her textile collection is held at Gawthorpe Hall in Burnley, Lancashire, her family home.
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